云南省耿马县鼠疫疫源地及人间鼠疫调查报告

1990年12月11日～31日,对云南省耿马县首次鼠疫流行进行了现场调查。用血清学及细菌学方法在33个疫点(180km~2)检出了63例腺鼠疫患者和13例隐性感染者,并从人,鼠、蚤分离到49株鼠疫菌。造成鼠间鼠疫流行,主要是黄胸鼠数量及印鼠客蚤指数的急骤增高;人间鼠疫是由于鼠间鼠疫长期流行,地面游离蚤增加,人与蚤类接触频繁所致。结果表明:耿马县以勐撒镇为中心的鼠间及人间鼠疫大面积流行是一次典型的家鼠型鼠疫,其疫源地具有西南山地黄胸鼠鼠疫疫源地的特征。鼠疫在该县(至少在动物间)有可能长期存在。     

肠道T细胞淋巴瘤临床特点

肠道T细胞淋巴瘤（intestinal T-cell lymphoma，ITCL）病情凶险，临床表现复杂，以非特异性症状为主。发病年龄轻，无明显的乳糜泻，EB病毒检出率高，回盲部、升结肠和降结肠受累多见是我国患者的特点，与西方国家报道不同。ITCL由于临床少见，极易误诊，且易复发，对治疗的反应和预后极差，死亡率高，应引起临床医师的广泛重视。     

Ad-p27mt转染重组腺病毒治疗裸鼠内人胃癌的分子机制

目的:研究Ad-p27mt转染重组腺病毒对人胃癌细胞凋亡的作用及机制.方法:Ad-p27mt转染重组腺病毒导入胃癌细胞株SGC-7901内;流式细胞仪检测凋亡染色体亚二倍体峰值,了解Ad-p27mt对人胃癌组织凋亡的作用;TUNEL法检测DNA片断,在Ad-p27mt组和Ad-LacZ组中分析细胞的凋亡.结果:Ad-p27mt成功转入人胃癌细胞SGC-7901内,转化率达100%.流式细胞仪检测发现在感染后18h出现G1-S相前出现凋亡染色体亚二倍体峰值,并且DNA电泳出现凋亡特征性的条带;TUNEL法检测Ad-p27治疗组与对照组的凋亡率分别是92.3%±3.76%和2.01%±0.15%,两组的差异有显著性(P<0.01).结论:重组腺病毒转染的人p27突变基因能诱导裸鼠体内人胃癌细胞SGC-7901的凋亡.     

Comparisons of prostaglandin vasoactive effects and interactions in the in vivo microcirculation of the rat urinary bladder

A combination of techniques for in vivo transillumination, topical application of vasoactive agents, and direct microscopic observation of microcirculatory responses was utilized to evaluate the vasomotor actions of prostaglandins (PGs) E₁, E₂, F_1α, F_2α, A₁, and A₂ on rat urinary bladder arterioles and venules. The effects of PGE₁ and histamine (HIS) on arteriolar responsiveness to norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), and PGF_2α were measured. Histochemical studies were completed to determine the primary site of prostaglandin (PG) metabolic deactivation in the urinary bladder. Arteriolar dilatation occurred with HIS, PGE₁, PGE₂, PGA₁, PGA₂, and PGF_1α, all of which (with the exception of HIS) demonstrated significant dose-related responses. Overall, PGE₁ and PGE₂ were of greatest potency. Significant dose-related arteriolar constriction occurred with NE > PGF_2α > 5-HT (in order of decreasing potency). HIS, PGE₁, PGE₂, and PGA₁ produced significant venular dilatation; PGE₁ and HIS were dose related. Only NE resulted in significant venoconstriction. Arteriolar responsiveness to NE and PGF_2α decreased after pretreatment with PGE₁ but was unchanged by HIS pretreatment, whereas application of 5-HT following pretreatment with PGE₁ or HIS produced equivalent levels of arteriolar constriction. The primary site of deactivation of PGE₁ was histochemically localized to bundles of smooth muscle fibers in the muscular coat of the rat urinary bladder wall.     

Correlation of plasma propylthiouracil levels with inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis in the rat

The inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis was studied in relation to plasma levels of 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU). Na ¹²⁵I (5 μCi) was injected i.p. into adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. After 30 min, graded doses of PTU (0.2 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg, and 0.05 mg/kg) were similarly injected. Thyroid hormone synthesis was followed by the accumulation of radioactivity into thyroid glands, which were removed at specified time intervals. PTU levels were measured spectrophotometrically at the time of sacrifice. Additionally, PTU (³⁵S) was used to confirm blood levels of PTU and also to follow intrathyroidal PTU levels. Plasma PTU levels in excess of 0.18 μg/ml completely inhibited thyroid hormone synthesis. Levels between 0.14 and 0.09 μg/ml had a partial effect, and PTU levels less than 0.09 μg/ml had no effect on thyroid hormone synthesis.     

CLINICAL EXPERIENCES WITH HUMAN PARATHYROID HORMONE 1–34*

Human parathyroid hormone (PTH) 1–34 was given to nine normal subjects and to 10 patients with hypoparathyroidism. There were no side effects associated with the protocol employed. In normal subjects, five statistically significant changes occurred during the period of observation: plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) rose by a factor of 3 (at 30 min), nephrogenous cyclic AMP rose approximately 40-fold (at 60 min), urinary phosphate rose by a factor of 2 (at 120 min), urine calcium levels fell by 50% between 60 and 120 min, and plasma prolactin rose by a factor of 1.4 (at 60 min). The cAMP responses were significantly blunted in five patients with chronic hypocalcemia, chronic hyperphosphatemia, and detectable serum immunoreactive PTH levels. On the basis of this test these patients were designated as suffering from pseudohypoparathyroidism. The acute phosphaturic and hypocalciuric responses were apparently intact in these five individuals. Human PTH 1–34 is likely to replace bovine material in the delineation of syndromes associated with PTH resistance.     

深圳市首例H5N1型人禽流感临床报告

目的探索H5N1型人禽流感病例的临床特点及诊治经验。方法一例H5N1型人禽流感患者,采用荧光定量RT-PCR评价抗病毒治疗效果,流式细胞术监测细胞免疫,即时动态的放射学检查、血气分析、生化检查监测病情变化,即时的细菌学检查监测细菌感染情况和抗生素治疗效果。采用抗病毒、禽流感恢复期血浆、机械辅助通气、糖皮质激素、免疫调节、抗生素、对症支持等综合治疗。结果患者以高热、咳嗽、呼吸困难为主要症状,临床诊断为重症病毒性肺炎,合并急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)和多脏器功能衰竭,并继发严重肺部细菌感染。联合奥司他韦和禽流感患者恢复期血浆治疗,患者体内的病毒在短期内得到有效控制和清除;机械通气、激素及其他对症支持治疗有效控制ARDS和多脏器功能衰竭;多黏菌素治疗有效控制广泛耐药的铜绿假单胞菌感染;免疫调节治疗促进患者免疫功能的恢复。结论H5N1型人禽流感病情重、进展快,严重的ARDS及多器官功能障碍综合征是主要临床特征。早期清除病毒、及时正确的对症辅助支持治疗、选择有效抗生素控制继发细菌感染是治疗成功的关键。激素和免疫调节剂的使用值得进一步探索。恢复期血浆治疗是重症禽流感治疗的有益尝试。     

Evidence for electrogenic Na+ pumping in human atrial myocardium

The resting potential of "sodium-loaded' cardiac cells can transiently hyperpolarize to levels negative to the steady state resting potential [3,5,6]. Hyperpolarization is associated with the coupled efflux of Na+ and influx of K+ driven by an active transport process and may result from an increased K+ equilibrium potential (EK), an outward pump current or both. Using conventional microelectrode techniques, we found that Na+-loaded human atrial myocardium can also transiently hyperpolarize. Na+ loading was induced by cooling to 2 degrees to 3 degrees C. Upon rewarming to 37 degrees C in a 20 mM K+ solution, the resting potential transiently hyperpolarized to levels at least 11 mV negative to the calculated EK and 29 +/- 2 mV (mean +/- S.E.) negative to the steady state level (- 33 +/- 2 mV) recorded some 15-20 minutes later. An increase in K+ conductance induced by acetylcholine exposure [2,7,10] during the transient hyperpolarization caused a depolarization, indicating that the resting potential was indeed negative to EK. These findings cannot be explained by either conductance changes or electroneutral Na+ pumping and concomitant extracellular K+ depletion. We conclude that the Na+-loaded human atrium can generate net pump current.     

雷公藤红素对人肺癌A549细胞增殖活性及能量代谢的影响

目的 探究雷公藤红素对人肺癌细胞（A549）的增殖活性以及能量代谢的影响。方法 噻唑蓝(MTT)法和生长曲线检测雷公藤红素对细胞的增殖抑制情况;HE染色观察细胞形态变化;分光光度法测定糖酵解途径中己糖激酶（HK）、丙酮酸激酶（PK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活力和三羧酸循环中琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）活力及能量代谢终产物ATP的含量。结果 雷公藤红素对A549细胞有增殖抑制作用,浓度在2 μg?mL^-1时,对A549细胞的抑制率达到62.71%,远远大于阳性药组5-FU的抑制率;生长曲线结果显示,雷公藤红素作用第4天细胞浓度最低,第6天细胞抑制程度最明显;HE结果表明雷公藤红素处理48 h后,细胞形态变圆,体积缩小,核深染且颜色变深;试剂盒检测结果显示,雷公藤红素非常显著的降低乳酸脱氢酶酶活力（P<0.01）,显著降低琥珀酸脱氢酶活力和ATP含量均显著降低(P<0.05),但对己糖激酶和丙酮酸激酶无明显作用。结论 雷公藤红素能够显著降低人肺癌A549细胞中乳酸脱氢酶和琥珀酸脱氢酶的活力,干扰能量代谢,抑制能量ATP生成,达到抑制A549细胞增殖的作用。     

HPV联合TCT检查应用于宫颈癌筛查的临床效果

目的观察HPV联合TCT检查应用于宫颈癌筛查的临床效果。方法选择2018年1-10月于北京市昌平区医院妇科门诊实施宫颈癌筛查的妇女400例为研究对象,均接受病理检查和HPV、TCT检查,比较联合检查与单独检查的应用价值。结果HPV联合TCT检查的阳性率高于单独检查,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);HPV联合TCT检查的灵敏度、阴性预测值、诊断准确率均高于单独检查(P<0.05)。结论HPV联合TCT检查用于宫颈癌筛查的价值较高,值得临床推广应用。