~(60)Co照射对肿瘤坏死因子基因转导的人肝癌细胞的增殖及TNF-α分泌的影响

 目的　用⁶⁰ 钴 (⁶⁰ Co)照射肿瘤坏死因子基因转导的人肝癌细胞 (BEL 74 0 4 TNF细胞 ) ,用于制备一种肿瘤疫苗。方法　用不同方式及不同剂量的⁶⁰ Co照射BEL 74 0 TNF细胞及未转基因的BEL 74 0 4细胞 ,观察照射后细胞增殖情况及肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF α)分泌量。结果　经 80Gy ⁶⁰ Co连续分量照射的BEL 74 0 TNF细胞增殖能力丧失 ,但仍然生存并能持续分泌TNF α2周以上 ,细胞在 3周内全部死亡。结论　用⁶⁰Co照射BEL 74 0 4 TNF细胞制备肿瘤疫苗是可行的 ,80Gy ⁶⁰Co连续分量照射可能是合适剂量     

天狼星红染色法结合图像分析在放射性肺纤维化研究中的应用

应用天狼星红染色切片进行偏振光显微镜观察，可明确地区分Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原并显示两型胶原在肺组织中的分布及其变化规律，配合图像分析法，可以测定不同剂量照射后三个月各组肺内Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维的比值变化；将这一方法与肺组织羟脯氨酸含量测定相比较，表明二者在显示肺纤维化程度和变化趋势上具有相同的结果。     

伽玛刀治疗后的肿瘤内出血

目的：探讨颅内肿瘤患者伽玛刀治疗后肿瘤内出血的原因。方法：在伽玛刀治疗的３４５例颅内肿瘤病变患者中，发现３例有肿瘤内出血，分析了他们的临床特点及ＣＴ，ＭＲＩ表现，结果：２例经保守治疗基本痊愈，１例恶化。结论：对于那些曾有过肿瘤卒中史、高血压病史或肿瘤血运丰富的病人行伽玛刀治疗后应警惕发生肿瘤内出血的危险     

放射诱导胃癌细胞的凋亡及其相关基因的研究

目的观察放射诱导人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901凋亡的作用，并进一步研究bcl-2基因及家族、bax基因、p53基因在此过程中的作用。方法用不同剂量的9 MeV β线照射SGC-7901细胞，观察细胞在受照后的不同时间生长情况。电子透射电镜下观察细胞形态变化。琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA条带变化。流式细胞仪检测受照前后细胞周期及凋亡率的变化。免疫细胞化学法检测受照前后bcl-2、bax、p53基因的表达水平。结果单次剂量照射后，SGC-7901细胞凋亡率与时间、剂量有相关性。在放射诱导SGC-7901细胞凋亡的过程中，bcl-2基因表达水平下降，bax基因表达水平升高，而p53基因表达水平无变化。结论放射能够诱导胃癌细胞株SGC-7901凋亡，凋亡率在72h达高峰。bcl-2及bax基因参与了放射诱导凋亡的调控。细胞凋亡主要是通过p53基因非依赖途径。     

Gamma Surgery for Hemangiopericytomas

A retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of 12 patients with 15 intracranial hemangiopericytomas treated at the University of Virginia using Gamma surgery is presented. Clinical and radiographic follow up of 3 to 56 months is available for 10 patients with 12 tumors. There was one tumor present at the time of initial Gamma surgery in each patient. Two new tumors occurred in patients previously treated. Nine of the tumors decreased in volume and three remained stable. Four of the nine tumors that shrank later progressed at an average of 22 months after treatment. Of the tumors that decreased in volume and have not progressed, the response has been for an average of 11 months. The follow-up for two tumors that remained unchanged was 10 and 34 months (average 22 months). A third tumor was unchanged at 42 months but the patient died of new disease adjacent to the treated area in the anterior skull base. There were no complications and the quality of life following the procedure was maintained or improved in every case. Gamma surgery is effective in palliating the patients by decreasing tumor volume and delaying recurrence.     

伽玛刀治疗垂体腺瘤的效率及其作用地位探讨

目的：从一个侧面探讨伽玛刀的作用地位。方法：采取“伽玛刀”和“开颅手术”两治疗方法对垂体腺瘤治疗的住院日、治疗率、后续治疗率，以及病人收治数量的变化等方面进行对比分析。结果：在239例垂体腺瘤的治疗中，伽玛刀治疗的平均住院日只是开颅手术的31．40％，治疗率占64．85％，后续治疗率2、58％(开颅手术为38．10％)，病人收治数量明显增加。结论：伽玛刀在医疗绩效中的作用明显。     

屏蔽措施对电磁辐射致学习记忆障碍的防护

目的 探讨电磁辐射对大鼠学习记忆的影响及其机制，观察铝箔的不同屏蔽方式对电磁辐射的防护效果。方法 采用主动回避反应(AAR)和一次性被动回避反应(PAR)观察电磁辐射后大鼠学习记忆能力，采用Fura-2荧光检测海马突触体游离钙的变化，以及采用铝箔进行全身屏蔽和躯干屏蔽后对学习记忆能力和海马突触体钙含量的影响。结果 电磁波辐照可引起大鼠长时记忆和短时记忆能力减退，辐照后即刻和24h海马突触体游离钙呈双峰状升高，全身屏蔽后电磁波辐照对大鼠学习记亿能力和海马突触体游离钙基本不产生影响，躯干屏蔽对以上指标白乞变化影响不明显。结论 电磁辐射可明显影响大鼠学习记亿能力和海马突触体游离钙含量，海马突触体游离钙超载可能是大鼠学习记忆障碍的直接原因。全身屏蔽方式对电磁辐射具有较好的防护效果，而躯干屏蔽对电磁辐射基本无防护作用。     

Effects of irradiation on nasal mucociliary clearance in head and neck cancer patients

A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on fifty patients of histopathologically confirmed head and neck cancer with the main aim to assess the nasal mucociliary clearance, pre-and post-irradiation; and to compare the findings with the healthy non-irradiated age and sex-matched controls. All the patients underwent saccharin particle test for nasal mucociliary clearance before commencement of radiation therapy and again within 6 months of completion of radiation therapy. The difference between the saccharin perception times of nasal mucosa in the healthy non-irradiated controls and the pre-irradiated head and neck cancer patients were statistically inssignificant (P>0.05). But, the difference between the saccharin perception times of nasal mucosa in the pre-and post-irradiated head and neck cancer patients was found to be statistically significant (P=0). It is concluded that even indirect irradiation of nasal mucosa in head and neck cancer patients significantly affect its ciliary activity. Significance of total radiation dosage along with chemotherapy in some cases was also studied.     

彩色多普勒超声检查在原发性肝癌经伽玛刀治疗32例的效果评价

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声检查肝癌经伽玛刀(-γ刀)治疗效果的价值。方法:32例原发性肝癌患者37个肿块,-γ刀治疗前及治疗后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月运用彩色多普勒超声进行随访。结果:-γ刀治疗后1周～1个月,肝癌病灶表现为稳定,3～6个月,病灶表现为显效,且肿块越小,治疗效果越好。结论:-γ刀治疗肝癌,是一种体外无创性的放疗方法,近期疗效满意。彩超的检查结果与临床随访相符。彩超可望成为肝癌-γ刀治疗后的观测疗效及指导治疗的有效方法。