Induced radioactivity in the blood of cancer patients following Boron Neutron Capture Therapy

Since 1990, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) has been used for over 400 cancer patients at the Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (KURRI). After BNCT, the patients are radioactive and their ²⁴Na and ³⁸Cl levels can be detected via a Na-I scintillation counter. This activity is predominantly due to ²⁴Na, which has a half-life of 14.96 h and thus remains in the body for extended time periods. Radioactive ²⁴Na is mainly generated from ²³Na in the target tissue that is exposed to the neutron beam in BNCT. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the radioactivity of blood ²⁴Na following BNCT and the absorbed gamma ray dose in the irradiated field. To assess blood ²⁴Na, 1 ml of peripheral blood was collected from 30 patients immediately after the exposure, and the radioactivity of blood ²⁴Na was determined using a germanium counter. The activity of ²⁴Na in the blood correlated with the absorbed gamma ray doses in the irradiated field. For the same absorbed gamma ray dose in the irradiated field, the activity of blood ²⁴Na was higher in patients with neck or lung tumors than in patients with brain or skin tumors. The reasons for these findings are not readily apparent, but the difference in the blood volume and the ratio of bone to soft tissue in the irradiated field, as well as the dose that leaked through the clinical collimator, may be responsible.     

Modeling the biological response of normal human cells,including repair processes,to fractionated carbon beam irradiation

To understand the biological response of normal cells to fractionated carbon beam irradiation, the effects of potentially lethal damage repair (PLDR) and sublethal damage repair (SLDR) were both taken into account in a linear-quadratic (LQ) model. The model was verified by the results of a fractionated cell survival experiment with normal human fibroblast cells. Cells were irradiated with 200-kV X-rays and monoenergetic carbon ion beams (290 MeV/u) at two irradiation depths, corresponding to linear energy transfers (LETs) of approximately 13 keV/μm and 75 keV/μm, respectively, at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences. When we only took into account the repair factor of PLDR, γ, which was derived from the delayed assay, the cell survival response to fractionated carbon ion irradiation was not fully explained in some cases. When both the effects of SLDR and PLDR were taken into account in the LQ model, the cell survival response was well reproduced. The model analysis suggested that PLDR occurs in any type of radiation. The γ factors ranged from 0.36–0.93. In addition, SLD was perfectly repaired during the fraction interval for the lower LET irradiations but remained at about 30% for the high-LET irradiation.     

全身放射治疗用肺挡铅三自由度精准对位器的研制

目的：研制一个肺挡铅固定架,使得该挡铅具有三自由度调节的空间定位功能,以保证使用的肺挡铅在全身放射治疗时定位精准.方法：设计制造一个装置,由3个部分组成：（1）装有4根挡铅固定柱的旋转轴及其轴套和锁紧螺栓;（2）透明材质制作的连接板;（3）通过燕尾槽相互契合的X、Y轴向滑块及其底座,并配有X和Y轴向调节螺栓.结果：此肺挡铅对位器,可做到：（1）肺挡铅能被轻松固定在拟定位置上;（2）肺挡铅的毫米级转向调节和任意角位调节,并且能反复修正至所需精度,重复定位误差≤2 mm; （3）肺挡铅的安装、定位时间大大缩短,20 min以内即可完成;（4）每一具装置承载铅块的质量可达20 kg.结论：此肺挡铅对位器可轻松、快速地实现肺挡铅的高精度空间定位.     

针刺电针拔罐加 TDP照射治疗腰腿痛44例临床分析

目的：采用电针拔罐结合TDP功耗灯照射治疗腰腿痛患者,并比较疗效。方法：88例腰腿痛患者随机分为研究组和对照组,各44例,对照组单纯采用针刺治疗,研究组综合采用针刺、电针、拔罐及TDP照射治疗。结果：研究组治疗总有效率明显高于对照组,数据经统计学比较具有显著差异（ P＜0.05）。结论：针刺、电针、拔罐联合TDP照射治疗腰腿痛具有较好的治疗有效率和安全性,适合于临床推广。     

Effect of puerarin on matrix metalloproteinase-2 in human fetal scleral fibroblasts treated with low frequency electromagnetic fields

Objective

To study the effect of puerarin on matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) gene and protein expression in human fetal scleral fibroblasts (HFSFs) exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF).

Methods

Cultured HFSFs were exposed to 0.2 mT ELF-EMF for 24 h. The experimental groups were divided into subgroups treated with 0, 0.1, 1 and 10 µM puerarin respectively. The expression of MMP-2 mRNA and protein were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction and western-blot analysis respectively.

Results

MMP-2 mRNA and protein expression increased by 0.793 and 1.130 folds respectively under the exposure of ELF-EMFs at 0.2 mT flux density for 24 h. Puerarin at the concentration of 0.1 μM reversed this effect by 8.53% in mRNA and by 17.97% in protein expression (P<0.05). The effect was more prominent at higher concentrations (1 and 10 μM, P<0.01).

Conclusion

Exposure to ELF-EMFs increased the expression of MMP-2 mRNA and protein in HFSF cells. Puerarin reversed the action to some extent in a specific concentration range. Our results implied that the puerarin might protect scleral tissue from increased expression induced by exposure to ELF-EMFs.     

新止骨增生丸＋止痛散帖敷TDP照射＋熏洗1号蒸汽浴＋离子导入＋玻璃酸钠关节腔注射治疗早期膝关节骨性关节炎90例临床观察

[目的]观察新止骨增生丸＋止痛散帖敷TDP照射＋熏洗1号蒸汽浴＋离子导入＋玻璃酸钠关节腔注射治疗早期膝关节骨性关节炎疗效。[方法]使用前瞻性设计方法,对90例早期膝关节骨性关节住院患者使用①新止骨增生丸（熟地黄、牛膝、杜仲、鸡血藤、骨碎补）,3粒／次,三次／d。②止痛散贴敷TDP照射（苏木、路路通、木瓜、花椒、冰片、透骨草、木香、川芎、伸筋草、独活、红花、木通、制川鸟、制草鸟、荆芥、细辛、大黄、薄荷脑）,调成匀浆涂于药布上,敷于膝关节上,TDP神局部照射,30min次,1～2次／d。（3）熏洗1号方蒸汽浴（伸筋草、透骨草、荆芥、花椒、红花、秦艽、大黄、当归、赤芍、川芎、延胡索、海桐皮、防风、威灵仙、少年健、羌活、苏木）蒸汽床局部熏蒸,1～2次／d。④超声离子导入。NAVA-01LD型超声电导仪,原厂止痛贴片为耦合剂,2次／d,30min/次。⑤玻璃酸钠膝关节腔注射．1次／周：膝关节腔积液明显．髌试验阳性．抽吸关节积液。连续治疗4周为1疗程。观测临床症状、膝关节疼痛及功能、不良反应。治疗1疗程．判定疗效。[结果]痊愈45例,显效27例,有效15例,无效3例,总有效率96．70％。[结论]新止骨增生丸＋止痛散帖敷TDP照射＋熏洗1号蒸汽浴＋离子导入＋玻璃酸钠关节腔注射治疗早期膝关节骨性关节炎,疗效满意,无副作用,值得推广．     

γ辐照装置辐射安全审查公众剂量估算及管理须知

为优化y辐照装置项目的公众剂量估算及管理,降低营运成本,对y辐照装置的辐射公众剂量估算及管理较突出的问题进行探讨。不合适的剂量估算与管理导致营运成本较高及监管方、项目营运方等产生争议。在一些情形下分别采取引入第3组工作人员,具体分析公众受照、项目运行信息,设置隔离区域的措施有利于在人员及环境得到保护的前提下进行监管和使项目营运顺利。     

3A类半导体激光治疗仪的作用机理研究

目的:研究3A类半导体激光治疗仪的作用机理和医学应用,以规范和明确该类产品的预期用途,降低产品使用风险。方法:对我国医学专业文献进行综述研究,并结合美国FDA半导体激光产品的技术指导原则,分析研究3A类半导体激光的工作原理、生物效应、作用机理。结论:对于3A类半导体激光治疗设备,具有较为成熟机理和临床研究数据支持的医学应用主要是血管外照射和镇痛。为降低上市产品风险,可采用规范临床试验审评、加强质量体系控制和加强上市后监测等监管措施。     

Attenuation Effect of UV on Haemonchus contortus Larvae in Experimentally Infected Goats

Background

Haemonchus contortus causes severe economic losses in small ruminants, so this study was conducted to study the UV effect on H. contortus larvae and its protective effect.

Methods

Sixteen male goats were divided into 5 groups, control infected, control uninfected and UV 30 minutes exposure; UV 60 minutes exposure and UV booster 60 minutes exposure. The UV groups were exposed to UV irradiation at wave length 254 nm for 30 and 60 minutes. The UV booster 60 min was administrated 2 doses of exposed larvae with an interval of one month. All groups except the control negative one were challenged for 42 days from the beginning.

Results

In UV booster 60 min had reduction in egg count per gram feces and worm burden (93% & 34 % respectively). The establishment rate and relative fertility declined in comparison with other groups. These parameters were similar in control infected, UV 30 min and UV 60 min groups. PCV value of UV booster 60 min group was similar to uninfected group. After two weeks from the booster dose of irradiated larvae, increased levels of antibody were found in goats of UV booster 60 min group.

Conclusion

Two doses of UV 60 min exposure, with an interval of one month, gave reduction not only in egg per gram feces but in worm burden as well.     

NB-UVB照射联合复方青黛胶囊治疗玫瑰糠疹疗效观察

目的：观察NB-UVB照射联合复方青黛胶囊治疗玫瑰糠疹临床疗效。方法：120例患者随机分为对照组（60例）和治疗组（60例）,对照组给予复方青黛胶囊2g,口服,3次／d,疗程2周;治疗组NB-UVB照射治疗,照射剂量为0．2J／cm^2,每周3次,疗程2周,同时联合复方青黛胶囊2g,口服,3次／d,疗程2周。结果：对照组总有效率为65．0％,治疗组总有效率为88．3％,经统计学处理,两组间差异极显著（P〈0．01）;治疗期间治疗组3例患者照射后出现轻度红斑和瘙痒,减少照射剂量,红斑消退,瘙痒减轻,继续完成了治疗;随访1个月,治疗组60例均痊愈,对照组3例仍无效,5例躯干部留有少许红斑,偶有瘙痒。结论：NB-UVB照射联合复方青黛胶囊治疗玫瑰糠疹临床疗效优于单纯应用复方青黛胶囊口服。