医院内感染病原菌及其对抗生素的耐药状况

调查1988年3月～5月我院591例住院病例,发生96例次院内感染,总发病率16.2％。院内感染病原菌中,革蓝氏阴性杆菌占72.9％,革蓝氏阳性球菌占12.9％,念珠菌属占14.1％。院内感染病原菌的耐药性明显高于院外菌株。绿脓杆菌对庆大霉素和羧苄青霉素的耐药率分别为63.6％和54.5％。其它革蓝氏阴性杆菌院内株对常用抗生素如氨苄青霉素、羧苄青霉素、庆大霉素和妥布拉霉素的耐药率分别为82.5％、 67.5％、47.5％和45％。革蓝氏阳性球菌院内株的耐药性也很严重,表葡菌对多种半合成青霉素类、红霉素、复方新诺明甚至万古霉素的耐药率达60％以上。同时分离出耐甲氧西林金葡菌。     

Report of a Case of Pericardial Mesothelioma with Liver Metastases Responding Well to Pemetrexed and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy

Pericardial mesothelioma remains a disease with a bleak prognosis. We report the case of a patient with metastases to liver and good response to pemetrexed and carboplatin-based combination chemotherapy and consequent prolonged progression-free survival.     

Serum gastrin and pepsinogen in shift workers

Summary Gastrointestinal complaints, including peptic ulcer, are believed to be associated and enhanced by shift work (SW). However, there are no clear reports in the literature about this acquired pathology. Serum gastrin (G) and group I pepsinogen (PG1) are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer and may be considered a useful test of the gastric function. Five adult male foundry shift workers, without any demonstrated gastrointestinal pathology, were studied over a month's span during the following weekly rotating shift schedule: 07.45–16.45, 06.00–14.00, 14.00–22.00, 22.00–06.00. Six adult, day-working males acted as controls. Blood samples drawn at the beginning and at the end of each weekly shift were assayed for G and PG1 utilizing RIA kits. Our data showed that SW causes a prominent change in the gastrin/acidopepsin secretion system.     

2,4-二氨基-5-取代苯胺基嘧啶类化合物的合成及抗菌活性

在嘧啶类化合物中,以2,4-二氨基嘧啶类化合物对二氢叶酸还原酶的抑制作用较强。甲氧苄胺嘧啶(TMP)已作为磺胺类药物及某些抗生素的抗菌增效剂广泛用于临床。为了寻找抑酶活性或对细菌选择性抑制作用比TMP更强的化合物,对2,4-二氨基-5-取代苄基嘧啶类的苯环上取代基的改造已做了大量的工作;对这类化合物抑酶活性的构效关系也进行了较多的研究。但对这类化合物中嘧啶环与苯环间的桥键次甲基的改造则报道不多。为了     

Characterization of dihydropyridine binding sites in the rat brain: hypertension and age-dependent modulation of [H](+)-PN 200-110 binding

The properties of [³H]dihydropyridine (DHP), nitrendipine and (+)-PN 200-110, binding to rat cerebral membranes were investigated. In normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) adult rats, the highest densities of [³H]DHP binding sites were found in the hippocampus. Frontal cerebral cortex and hypothalamus had intermediate levels and no specific binding of [³H]DHP and [¹²⁵I]iodipine could be detected in the brainstem membranes and more precisely in the nucleus tractus solitarius and in the locus coeruleus. Changes in the maximal number of DHP binding sites (B_max) were observed in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and in old Sprague-Dawley rats. In adult SHR, there was a significant increase in theB_max values of [³H](+)-PN 200-110 binding in the hippocampus when compared to the values obtained in WKY. There was no difference in theB_max values between young (3 weeks) prehypertensive SHR and age-matched WKY. In senescent (26 months) Sprague-Dawley rats, theB_max values of [³H](+)-PN 200-110 binding were significantly reduced (30%) in the frontal cerebral cortex and the hippocampus, as compared with the number of DHP binding sites found in mature Sprague-Dawley rats (15 weeks).     

Comparison of regulations on occupational carcinogens in several industrialized countries

Regulations controlling the manufacture and use of carcinogens in the industrial setting of various countries are examined. In addition, the occupational exposure limits (OEL) of chemicals known or suspected to be carcinogenic in humans are listed, and criteria for the establishment of OELs are discussed. It is also stressed that control measures should not be confined to a few developed countries, and it is hoped that attracting attention to their unevenness will contribute to the implementation of a more efficient primary prevention of cancer.     

T3期胃癌CD34与新生血管形成及淋巴结转移的关系

目的研究T3期胃癌CD34与胃癌新生血管形成及淋巴结转移的关系.方法随机选取胃癌手术标本41例,其中T3N0M020例,T3N1M021例,分别进行特异性抗体免疫组化染色,并采用Image Pro Plus 5.0图像软件分析数据,计算胃癌组织CD34微血管密度(MVD)和其他相关抗体(CD44、Ⅳ型胶原、层黏蛋白)的表达,并进行统计学分析.结果CD34 MVD计数(CD34表达强度),在T3N0M0和T3N1 M0肿瘤组分别为43.10±18.22和56.24±28.36,两组比较有显著差异(P＜0.05);CD44、Ⅳ型胶原、层黏连蛋白的表达强度,T3N0M0和T3N1M0肿瘤组比较无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论CD34与T3期胃癌组织新生血管形成及淋巴结转移的关系密切,可作为诊断T3期胃癌淋巴结转移的参考指标.     

鼻内镜下等离子低温射频治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的临床观察

目的探讨鼻内镜下等离子低温射频治疗常年性变应性鼻炎(PAR)的疗效及其优越性。方法在鼻内镜下用等离子低温射频治疗PAR48例,按照海口会议修订的“过敏性鼻炎诊断和疗效评定标准”,用计分法分别评定其疗效。结果该组48例术后随访半年进行评价,其中显效27.1%(13/48),有效58.3%(28/48),无效14.6%(7/48),总有效率为85.4%。疗效评分显示治疗前平均总分为(9.58±1.69)分,治疗后为(5.63±1.15)分(P<0.05)。结论鼻内镜下等离子低温射频烧灼筛前神经终末区域治疗PAR,具有简便、安全等优点,短期效果显著,特别适用于临床上应用抗组胺类药物及鼻内应用糖皮质激素治疗效果不甚理想及由于各种原因不能长期接受抗组胺类药物及鼻内应用糖皮质激素治疗的患者;但长期疗效有待进一步研究。