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11.
45 patients with spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) underwent through quantitative investigation of the ventricular and cisternal systems by CT scanning and threshold vibrometry in the limbs to find out whether these parameters could be used for distinguishing mainly spinal from cerebellar forms or from olivopontoce-rebellar atrophy. The increase in the vibration sense threshold and the mild atrophy in the posterior cranial fossa proved typical of spinal forms and the reverse for cerebellar forms. In olivopontocerebellar atrophy enlargement of the cisterns and dilatation of the ventricles always exceeded 85% of normal values.
Sommario 45 pazienti affetti da degenerazione spinocerebellare (SCD) sono stati sottoposti ad uno studio approfondito di esplorazione quantitativa del sistema ventricolare e cisternale alla TAC e della soglia di percezione vibratoria agli arti per valutare la possibilità di distinguere con questi parametri le forme prevalentemente spinali da quelle cerebellari o delle atrofie olivopontocerebellari. L'aumento della soglia vibratoria e la modesta atrofia in fossa posteriore è risultata tipica delle forme spinali, mentre l'inverso si verifica per le forme cerebellari. Nelle atrofie olivopontocerebellari l'allargamento delle cisterne e la dilatazione dei ventricoli supera quasi sempre l'85% rispetto ai casi normali.
  相似文献   
12.
Summary A false-negative finding on initial CT is reported in a case of supratentorial glioma. This observation was peculiar because the first CT revealed a meningioma which might initially have been related to the clinical symptoms. The term false positive-false negative CT is proposed. The reasons for such CT failures are discussed. The accuracy of clues as to the localization of the glioma provided by EEG is emphasized.  相似文献   
13.
Three dimensional (3D) phase contrast angiograms contain velocity data, which is discarded after the reconstruction of the projections. In extension to earlier work on velocity quantification with ungated 2D phase data, this paper shows that a useful estimate of the average velocity and flow rate can be extracted from ungated 3D phase contrast angiograms. Simulations and experiments in a phantom and in vivo were performed. For pulsatile flow and strong spin saturation, an over-estimation of the flow rate at the net in-flow end of the imaging volume and underestimation at the net out-flow end was observed. Imaging at lower RF tip angles yielded flow rates close to the correct value within the entire imaging volume. In contrast to ungated 2D experiments, the flow rates determined by repeated 3D experiments showed no variation.  相似文献   
14.
Bertalanffy  H.  Kretzschmar  H.  Gilsbach  J. M.  Ott  D.  Mohadjer  M. 《Acta neurochirurgica》1990,104(3-4):151-155
Summary This case report describes a patient presenting with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, whose computerized tomographic (CT) scan was highly suggestive of a large low-grade glioma invading the basal ganglia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a well-demarcated space-occupying mass of increased intensity in the left lateral ventricle and adjacent white matter. Following stereotactic biopsy, which yielded a homogeneous jelly-like material, the mass was removed microsurgically and was found to be most like a colloid cyst on histological examination. Discussion focusses on the clinical and differential diagnostic implications of this very unusual combination of findings.  相似文献   
15.
An advanced analysis of the mechanical properties of bone should include information about the microarchitecture of cancellous bone in addition to its density. It has recently been shown that high-resolution quantitative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have the potential to assess such information in a noninvasive way in patients. Both techniques, however, lack sufficient spatial resolution to image the individual trabeculae with true precision. In this work, a new parameter, Ridge number density (RND), is introduced. RND is a measure for the trabecular number, which can be extracted directly from high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) images of patients. We applied the RND technique to a test group of nine healthy, postmenopausal women measured repetitively with a high-resolution 3D peripheral quantitative computed tomography (3D-pQCT) system with 165 × 165 × 165 μm3 voxel size. Simultaneously with the RND determination, the trabecular bone density (TBD) was also assessed in the same volume of interest. The examination site was the distal radius. The intersubject variability of the measured test group was 10.5% for RND and 26.3% for TBD. The root mean square error between first and second examinations (midterm reproducibility) was 1.6% and 1.1%, respectively. RND is determined independently from TBD and pertains to the structure of the cancellous bone. As such, it might add crucial information in cases where bone mass or bone density measurements alone give ambigous results.  相似文献   
16.
目的:报告儿童后腹膜常见与不常见占位病变的CT表现。材料和方法:对34例(32例经病理证实,2例随访复查证实)儿童后腹膜肿块病例完整的临床及CT检查资料进行分析。结果:本组儿童后腹膜占位病变共有11种.以肾上腺瘤和后腹膜神经母细胞瘤最常见,畸胎瘤和肾胚胎瘤、新生儿肾上腺出血其次.肾上腺皮质癌较少见,罕见的有横纹肌肉瘤和血管外皮瘤。临床和CT特点各有其不同。结论:临床特点与CT表现相结合,极大部分儿童后腹膜肿块可作出明确诊断。  相似文献   
17.
外伤后迟发颅内血肿是指伤后初次头颅CT检查时未发现颅内血肿,而于1~3 d后再次检查时发现者.  相似文献   
18.
刘芳  赵芳  马立燕  吕菁 《宁夏医学杂志》2004,26(12):786-788
目的 为探讨各种类型新生儿颅内出血的早期诊断方法,明确其临床特点与CT的关系。方法 对176例经CT证实有颅内出血新生儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 176例患儿中缺氧所致123例(72.6%),产伤21例(11.9%),新生儿出血症22例(12.5%),早产儿10例。患儿有意识障碍者156例(88.6%),惊厥98例(55.68%),肌张力改变113例(64.2%),原始反射减弱或消失104例(59%),贫血16例。CT示:SAH121例。占68.75%,为NICH最常见类型;SDH17例,IPH13例,IVH5例,混合性出血20例。结论 根据临床表现考虑NICH者应做头颅CT或头颅B超检查。Cr是确诊的最佳手段,能正确显示出血部位、范围、程度及区分各种类型,头颅B超对早产儿、低出生体重儿的IVH、IPH检出率高。  相似文献   
19.
目的 探讨SARS流行期间肺炎患者的临床表现和胸部影像变化特点。方法 对76例SARS流行期间发热留观室收治的肺炎患者的临床表现及胸部影像进行分析。结果 (1)此组肺炎患者多为青壮年(占60.53%),无固定职业或职业性质流动性较大者居多(69.74%);(2)临床特征主要是发热,以中高热为多见(80.26%),发病早期部分患者呼吸道症状并不明显(67.10%),外周血WBC在正常或低于正常范围(85.53%),淋巴细胞比例减少(75.00%);(3)肺部CT表现为不同程度的炎性浸润;病灶形态以斑片状和球形多见(77.63%);病灶常位于肺周边,常出现支气管气像;动态观察病变影像大多无明显进展(88.16%%),经治疗均完全吸收。结论 SARS流行期间普通肺炎与非典型肺炎有相似的临床及胸部影像表现;肺部CT扫描能早期发现肺炎患者的异常阴影,明显优于胸片,但无特异性。因此,在SARS流行期间发热诊室医务人员应加强肺部炎性改变的早期诊断和鉴别诊断水平。  相似文献   
20.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the serial CT findings of Paragonimus westermani infected dogs and the microscopic structures of the worm cysts using Micro-CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by the committee on animal research at our institution. Fifteen dogs infected with P. westermani underwent serial contrast-enhanced CT scans at pre-infection, after 10 days of infection, and monthly thereafter until six months for determining the radiologic-pathologic correlation. Three dogs (one dog each time) were sacrificed at 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively. After fixation of the lungs, both multi-detector CT and Micro-CT were performed for examining the worm cysts. RESULTS: The initial findings were pleural effusion and/or subpleural ground-glass opacities or linear opacities at day 10. At day 30, subpleural and peribronchial nodules appeared with hydropneumothorax and abdominal or chest wall air bubbles. Cavitary change and bronchial dilatation began to be seen on CT scan at day 30 and this was mostly seen together with mediastinal lymphadenopathy at day 60. Thereafter, subpleural ground-glass opacities and nodules with or without cavitary changes were persistently observed until day 180. After cavitary change of the nodules, the migratory features of the subpleural or peribronchial nodules were seen on all the serial CT scans. Micro-CT showed that the cyst wall contained dilated interconnected tubular structures, which had communications with the cavity and the adjacent distal bronchus. CONCLUSION: The CT findings of paragonimiasis depend on the migratory stage of the worms. The worm cyst can have numerous interconnected tubular channels within its own wall and these channels have connections with the cavity and the adjacent distal bronchus.  相似文献   
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