A new method for estimation of adhesiveness of blood platelets

A new method for the estimation of platelet adhesiveness is proposed and demonstrated. In a glass bead column for a conventional adhesiveness test, many platelet aggregates were formed which were covering platelets adherent to the beads surface. The platelet aggregation in the column was found to be induced by ADP released from erythrocytes. Enzymatic conversion of ADP to ATP with the aid of pyruvate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate (PK-PEP), decreased significantly the platelet retention in the column. Scanning electron microscopic observation revealed that there were no aggregates but only adherent platelets on the bead surface exposed to the PK-PEP blood. Employing our new modification of glass bead column method, it has become feasible to demonstrate the difference in platelet adhesiveness to various artificial materials.     

霍乱弧菌TCP菌毛粘附作用的研究

目的 探讨霍乱弧菌毒素共协调菌毛（TCP）在霍乱弧菌感染动物模型中的粘附作用。方法 使用聚合酶链反应、打点杂交、人小肠粘膜模型及乳鼠半数致死量（LD50）对霍乱弧菌的TCP的粘附作用进行了研究。结果 研究发现,MO45、79005和569B3种菌株具有tcp A基因,而169－68菌株没有。在AKI培养基中30℃,静止培养,前3种菌株的TCP菌毛表达良好,而169－68菌株不能表达此种菌毛;在LB培养基中37℃,震动培养未见以上菌株表达TCP菌毛。通过人小肠粘膜模型粘附实验表明,在表达菌毛时,MO45、79005、569B的粘附能力是169－68的10倍多,在不表达菌毛的情况下这4种菌株的粘附能力相差不大。MO45菌株对乳鼠的LD50测定结果显示,在表达菌毛时的LD50的菌量只是不表达菌毛时的1／10。结论 本实验通过分子生物学技术和动物模型证明有的霍乱弧菌能表达TCP菌毛,而有的不能表达,TCP菌毛在霍乱弧菌感染动物模型中具有重要的作用。     

腹腔镜肠粘连松解术联合奥曲肽治疗腹部手术后急性粘连性肠梗阻的疗效

目的探讨腹腔镜肠粘连松解术联合奥曲肽治疗腹部手术后急性粘连性肠梗阻的疗效。方法选取2015年1月~2018年1月腹部手术后粘连性肠梗阻患者68例,随机分为观察组和对照组。两组患者给予禁食、胃肠减压、抗感染、胃肠外营养、维持水电解质及酸碱平衡等基础治疗。对照组患者予以腹腔镜肠粘连松解术。观察组患者在对照组基础上再加奥曲肽针0.1 mg皮下注射,每8小时1次,直至肛门恢复正常排便排气功能。观察并记录两组患者治疗后胃肠功能恢复情况及术后住院时间,并比较其临床疗效。结果观察组患者术后胃肠减压引流量、肠蠕动恢复时间和肛门恢复排气时间和术后住院时间明显少于或短于对照组(P0.05);术后7 d,观察组患者临床总有效率高于对照组(χ2=4.22,P0.05)。结论腹腔镜肠粘连松解术联合奥曲肽治疗腹部手术后急性粘连性肠梗阻的疗效较确切,更能促进胃肠道蠕动,加快胃肠功能的恢复,缩短术后住院时间。     

益脑通络胶囊对大鼠白细胞黏附和血液流变性的影响

目的 研究“益脑通络胶囊”对大鼠白细胞黏附和血液流变性的影响。方法 从大鼠静脉内注射内毒素后30min、1、2h，通过微循环显微摄像技术，观察、记录、分析微循环的变化，2h后各剂量组和正常组经快速心脏取血5ml，进行血液流变学检测。结果 内毒素能引起白细胞黏附和内皮损伤，而益脑通络各剂量组对内毒素引起白细胞黏附和内皮损伤有预防作用，并且益脑通络胶囊可显著降低大鼠的全血黏度和红细胞聚集指数。结论 益脑通络胶囊能改善微循环，其作用机理主要与改善血液流变性、血液流态和抑制内毒素诱导的白细胞黏附有关。     

Decreased adhesiveness, resistance to anoikis and suppression of GRP94 are integral to the survival of circulating tumor cells in prostate cancer

The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTC) is common in prostate cancer patients, however until recently their clinical significance was unknown. The CTC stage is essential for the formation of distant metastases, and their continuing presence after radical prostatectomy has been shown to predict recurrent or latent disease. Despite their mechanistic and prognostic importance, due both to their scarcity and difficulties in their isolation, little is known about the characteristics that enable their production and survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the survival of CTC cells. A novel CTC cell line from the bloodstream of an orthotopic mouse model of castration-resistant prostate cancer was established and compared with the primary tumor using attachment assays, detachment culture, Western blot, flow cytometry and 2D gel electrophoresis. Decreased adhesiveness and expression of adhesion molecules E-cadherin, beta4-integrin and gamma-catenin, together with resistance to detachment and drug-induced apoptosis and upregulation of Bcl-2 were integral to the development of CTC and their survival. Using proteomic studies, we observed that the GRP94 glycoprotein was suppressed in CTC. GRP94 was also shown to be suppressed in a tissue microarray study of 79 prostate cancer patients, indicating its possible role in prostate cancer progression. Overall, this study suggests molecular alterations accounting for the release and survival of CTC, which may be used as drug targets for either anti-metastatic therapy or the suppression of latent disease. We also indicate the novel involvement of GRP94 suppression in prostate cancer metastasis.     

重症烧伤大鼠白细胞粘附特性的变化

用细胞液流室和显微录像技术观察重症烧伤大鼠白细胞在不同切应力下与鼠肺血管内皮细胞粘附特性的变化。发现重症烧伤后３小时，白细胞粘附于内皮细胞的数目明显增多，粘附曲线上移，而且，白细胞粘附率与动物存活时间明显相关。给予虎杖４号可明显降低白细胞粘附率，粘附特性曲线恢复正常，动物存活时间显著延长。本实验结果证明，重症烧伤后大鼠的白细胞粘附特性有明显增强，它是导致微循环紊乱和影响动物存活的重要因素之一     

不稳定性心绞痛病人白细胞变形能力、粘附功能和白细胞CD18表达的变化

目的：探讨白细胞流变性、粘附性与急性心肌缺血的关系，为不稳定性心绞痛（ＵＡ）的治疗提供理论参考。方法：４７例不稳定性心绞痛病人，其中男２９例，女１８例。自发型心绞痛１６例，心肌梗死后心绞痛２２例，初发劳力型心绞痛９例。采用红细胞变形能力测定仪、血栓血小板粘附两用仪和酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）分别检测了４０例健康人和４７例不稳定性心绞痛病人心绞痛发作期和缓解后２４小时的白细胞滤过指数（ＩＦ）、白细胞粘附率（ＬＡＲ）和白细胞不同组别第１８（ＣＤ１８）表达。结果：不稳定性心绞痛病人白细胞变形能力（ＬＤ）明显降低，白细胞粘附功能（ＬＡＦ）和白细胞ＣＤ１８表达明显增加（Ｐ＜０．００１，Ｐ＜０．０１），心绞痛发作时，ＬＤ降低和白细胞粘附功能、白细胞ＣＤ１８表达增高较心绞痛缓解后２４小时更明显（Ｐ＜０．００１），且白细胞滤过指数、白细胞粘附率和白细胞ＣＤ１８表达之间均呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。心绞痛发作时和缓解后２４小时，自发型心绞痛白细胞滤过指数、白细胞粘附功能和白细胞ＣＤ１８表达较心肌梗死后和劳力型心绞痛变化更明显（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：心肌缺血与白细胞流变性和粘附性改变有一定关系     

老年高血压病患者白细胞流变性和细胞粘附分子表达的变化

为探讨白细胞流变性和细胞粘附分子表达与高血压病患者病情变化的关系,应用细胞变形能力测定仪,体外血栓血小板粘附两用仪酶联免疫吸附法检测１０４例老年高血压病患者和５６例健康老年人外周血白细胞变形能力,白细胞粘附功能,白细胞ＣＤ１８表达,血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子－１及可溶性血管细胞粘附分子－１浓度的变化,并进行对比分析。     

外周血白细胞粘附与急性前壁心肌梗死扩展的关系

目的 探讨外周白细胞粘附与急怀前壁心肌梗死区扩展的关系。方法 用直接滑行法对28例急性前壁心肌梗死患者发病48小时后白细胞粘附进行动态监测，并根据第3天及第14天核素心室造影后测得的左室射血分数及左室舒末容积分组进行比较。结果 梗死区扩展组的白细胞粘附程度明显高于无扩展组。结论 急性前壁心肌梗死区扩展可能同炎性反应相关。     

粘连性腰椎间盘突出症的手术治疗

目的：探讨粘连性腰椎间盘突出症的手术治疗及疗效。方法：经后路行椎板开窗减压粘连松解，髓核摘除术治疗16例腰椎间盘突出症，均为下腰椎节段突出，伴有椎管狭窄症，随访3年，根据粘连的原因及术中所见椎间盘突出症髓核形态及纤维环破损大小，以及术后的疗效进行分析比较。结果：椎间盘突出症严重者，粘连较轻者，术后疗效佳。反之，疗效较差。结论：粘连性腰椎间盘突出症的手术效果与手术彻底及周围粘连损伤程度有密切关系。术中尽量注意保护骨性结构的稳定性，避免损伤神经组织。