芳香开窍法在骨折并发眼脂肪栓塞治疗中的临床疗效观察

骨折并发眼脂肪栓塞，是指因胸、腹、四肢等眼以外部位的严重挤压伤或撞击伤，而导致视网膜不同程度的损害。也有学者命名为“远达性视网膜损伤综合征”（Purtscher病）。笔者收集了自1996年2月-2002年2月，我院眼科共诊治骨折并发眼脂肪栓塞的患者10例，其中以芳香开窍法治疗取得满意疗效的8例典型病例（2例自动转诊），现总结报告如下。     

非酒精性脂肪性肝炎与PTEN基因

1．概念众所周知。肝脏脂肪化的原因有酗酒、肥胖、糖尿病、脂质代谢异常、药物（类固醇、三苯氧胺）以及高热能输液等营养摄取过剩和重度营养失调等，而将其分为酒精性与非酒精性两大类。酒精性脂肪性肝病（alcoholic fatty liver disease，AFLD）以脂肪肝（FL）起病，经过酒精性脂肪性肝炎（alcoholic steatohepatitis．ASH）、酒精性肝纤维化（alcoholic liver fibrosis，ALF）而进展为酒精性肝硬化（alcoholic liver cirrhosig，ALC）。但对于非酒精性脂肪性肝病（nou-AFLD，NAFLD）则一直认为它是良性疾病，而其脂肪肝不发展。然而，1980年Ludwig报告20例不具饮酒史但仍类似AFLD的患者而提出NAFLD疾病概念。报告者注重于尽管不饮酒而酷似AFLD的病理组织学所见，遂倡导完全不同于AFLD的疾病改变分类。如今，这一NAFLD和NASH疾病概念已经广为医学界所接受。     

人工髋关节置换术后脂肪栓塞综合征的观察与护理

笔者报道人工髋关节置换术后脂肪栓塞综合征的护理措施认为重视氧饱和度及动脉血氧分压监测，注意观察中枢神经系统症状和呼吸系统症状，及时发现并纠止低氧血症，对不同的病人制定不同护理方案，严密观察病情，及时掌握病情变化：是护理的关键。     

激光辅助臀部脂肪抽吸

在臀部脂肪抽吸术中和术后辅助应用激光，是目前外科医师提高疗效和促进恢复的方法之一。     

[Ca^2＋]i change in hippocampal neurons influenced by preconditioning of etomidate fat emulsion following cerebral ischemia in rats

BACKGROUND: It is known that intravenous anesthetic etomidate fat emulsion has cerebral protection. Now many scholars focus on the research of its cerebral protection from molecular biology, but the mechanism of cerebral protection is still fully unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of etomidate fat emulsion on the [Ca2+]i in hippocampal neurons during the transient cerebral ischemia injury in rats. DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation. SETTING: Weifang Medical College. MATERIALS: This study was carried out in the functional laboratory of Weifang Medical College between October 2005 and March 2006. Twenty-four male healthy Wistar rats, aged 3 to 4 months, were involved. Etomidate fat emulsion was provided by the limited company of En-hua Medical Bloc in Jiangsu Province (code of H20020511) and the other agents and materials were provided by Laboratory Center of Weifang Medical College. METHODS: The 24 Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: sham-operation group, model group and etomidate preconditioning group, with 8 rats in each. Rat models of transient cerebral ischemia injury were made by the ligation of bilateral carotid arteries combined with descending blood pressure in the latter two groups. Before ischemia (ligation of bilateral common carotid artery), rats in the etomidate preconditioning group were intraperitoneally injected with 12 mg/kg etomidate fat emulsion and then persistently intraperitoneally injected with etomidate fat emulsion at 1.0 mg/kg per minute. Rats in the model group were not administrated. Rats in the sham-operation group were only performed bilateral common carotid artery isolation. When rats were modeled, their brain tissues were quickly taken out and detected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Change of the fluorescence pixel value of the [Ca2+]i in each group by the laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS: Twenty-four rats were involved in the final analysis. Fluorescence pixel value in the sham-operation group was in the low level. Fluorescence pixel value in the model group was significantly higher than that in the sham-operation group (P < 0.01). Fluorescence pixel value in the etomidate preconditioning group was significantly lower than that in the model group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The protection of etomidate fat emulsion to the transient cerebral ischemic injury in rats is associated with the inhibition to the increase of [Ca2+]i to some extent.     

饮食忌讳何需多

在科学家们对食物的长期研究中,曾经得到过这样或那样的错误结论,随后在深入的研究下又得到了有益的结论,但过去的错误观点已经在人们心中留下了深刻的印象,很有必要加以澄清,为这些无辜的食物正名,减少过多的饮食忌讳。为脂肪正名。吃太多的脂肪会引起肥胖症及其他有关疾病,有人就忌吃肥肉,怕吃动物油。其实饮食中数量充足的脂肪对于健康是必不可少的,除为满足能量之外,为满足对必需脂肪酸和脂溶性维生素的需求,都必须摄入足够的脂肪,尤其是处于能量平衡状态经常活动的成年人,如果摄入的必需脂肪酸和其他营养素等是足够的,则总消耗能量的35…     

视网膜母细胞瘤的实用治疗方法

目的：提供一种简单的方法，根据基本临床特征治疗视网膜母细胞瘤。     

降脂益肝冲剂治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的实验研究

<正>动物实验证实,降脂益肝冲剂能够显著降低酒精加高脂饮食致脂肪肝大鼠血中丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、甘油三酯(TG),总胆固醇(TC)的含量,有效地逆转肝脏的脂质沉积状态,使肿     

肥胖与PPARγ及脂肪因子的研究进展

肥胖，即脂肪细胞数量的过度增加和体积的过度增大，并以体脂的形式储存过多摄入的能量，它是糖尿病、冠心病、高血压、高脂血症等许多严重疾病的共同危险因素。肥胖的发生除与不良生活习惯有关外，遗传因素和胰岛素抵抗是导致肥胖的最主要原因。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPARγ）是脂肪细胞基因表达和胰岛素细胞间信号传递的主要调节者，参与脂肪细胞分化和脂代谢调节，与肥胖密切相关。因此，涉及脂肪细胞的过度增殖和分化而造成生成过多脂肪细胞的分子机制，以及脂肪组织分泌的多种细胞因子在机体能量、糖、脂代谢和免疫反应等方面所发挥的调节作用，一直是肥胖和糖尿病研究领域十分关注的问题。     

Rb1基因第16内含子内21个碱基缺失1例

目地研究双眼视网膜母细胞瘤患者Rb1基因杂合性突变的分子生物学特性。方法应用PCR—SSCP直接测序技术检测双眼视网膜母细胞瘤患者白细胞DNA中Rb1基因杂合性突变。结果50例证实有Rb1基因杂合性突变的病例中有1例发生于第16内含子中可以用3种定位方法解释、具有相同序列的21个碱基缺失。结论这种极为少见的Rb1基因突变方式可能是由于破坏了正常拼接位点的结构而激活了“隐蔽拼接位点”，导致异常的Rb1基因mRNA产生或由此影响整个拼接过程。