PTTG-bFGF通路在人脑星形细胞肿瘤中的表达及相关性研究

目的 探讨垂体瘤转化基因(PTTG)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)在人脑星形细胞肿瘤中的表达及其意义.方法 免疫组化SP法检测55例人脑星形细胞肿瘤中PTTG、bFGF的表达.结果 各级别肿瘤中均不同程度发现PTTG、bFGF阳性表达,二者表达强度有随肿瘤恶性程度增高而增强的趋势(rS分别为0.8757、0.7557,P＜0.01),PTTG、bFGF的表达呈正相关(rS=0.7520,P＜0.01).结论 PTTG-bFGF通路存在于人脑星形细胞肿瘤中,与肿瘤恶性程度密切相关,二者在胶质瘤的发生及恶性转化中具有重要作用.     

用SYBR Green I实时逆转录-聚合酶链反应定量检测人、小鼠精子中CatSper1 mRNA

目的:建立并优化SYBR GreenI实时RT-PCR体系,定量检测人、小鼠成熟精子中的CatSper1 mRNA。方法:用TRIzol分别提取人、小鼠成熟精子中的总RNA,逆转录后用SYBR GreenI实时PCR定量检测CatSper1 mRNA。SYBR GreenI实时PCR采用普通PCR试剂,加入SYBR GreenI染料,优化退火温度、Mg2+浓度及上、下游引物比例,并在PCR循环时采用四步法以消除引物二聚体的影响。优化完成后用不同浓度的精子cDNA为模板做标准曲线,以检测SYBR GreenI实时PCR的扩增效率。结果:定量检测CatSper1 mRNA的SYBR GreenI实时PCR体系适宜退火温度、Mg2+浓度及上、下游引物比例分别为63℃、3.0mmol/L和1∶1,四步法中采集荧光的温度为88℃。优化后用人和小鼠精子cDNA为模板做标准曲线分别为Y=-3.402log(X)+25.99和Y=-3.409log(X)+24.09,扩增效率分别为96.8%和96.5%,可定量检测人、小鼠成熟精子中的CatSper1 mRNA。结论:用普通的逆转录及PCR系统和试剂,建立了一种方便、廉价、可靠的SYBR GreenI实时荧光定量RT-PCR系统,可用于人、小鼠精子中CatSper1 mRNA定量检测。     

Ad-METH1对培养的内皮细胞分泌活性的影响

目的：研究基因重组血管抑制剂Ad-METH1（metalloprotease and thrombospondin1）对培养的内皮细胞分泌活性的影响,探讨血管生成抑制防治增生性瘢痕的可能机制。方法：制备重组血管抑制剂Ad-METH1,转染培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞,通过放射免疫分析法及酶联免疫分析法研究Ad-METH1对内皮细胞分泌内皮素-1（endothelin-1,ET-1）及碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（basic fibroblast growth factor,bFGF）的影响。结果：基因转染后24h内皮细胞ET-1、bFGF分泌受到明显抑制。结论：Ad-METH1对内皮细胞ET-1、bFGF分泌活性有影响,此是其早期参与抑制增生性瘢痕形成的可能机制之一。     

c-met mRNA在乳腺癌术后腋窝引流液中表达的意义

目的探讨c-met mRNA在乳腺癌患者术后腋窝引流液中表达的意义。方法用RT—PCR法检测乳腺癌患者术后腋窝引流液中c-met mRNA的表达，分析其表达与肿瘤大小、腋窝淋巴结转移、雌激素受体（estrogen receptor，ER）、孕激素受体（progesterone receptor，PR）及生长因子受体2（c—erbB-2）的关系，以及5-FU加蒸馏水冲洗手术野对c—met mRNA表达的影响。结果①c—met mRNA能在乳腺癌术后腋窝引流液中表达，其阳性率高于病理检查腋窝淋巴结转移的阳性率（P〈0．05）。②腋窝淋巴结转移、肿瘤大小与c—met mRNA的表达有关。③肿瘤ER、PR及c—erbB-2的表达与c—met mRNA的表达无关。④5-FU加蒸馏水冲洗手术创面能明显降低c-met mRNA的表达。结论c—met mRNA是乳腺癌微转移研究的理想特异性标志物，与常规病理检查腋窝淋巴结相比，RT—PCR检测腋窝引流液中c—met mRNA的表达能更早检测出肿瘤细胞在胸壁淋巴管中的转移，并具有更高的准确性。     

Time-dependent changes in distribution of basic fibroblast growth factor immunoreactive cells in hippocampus after kainic acid injection in rat pups

Five-day-old Wistar albino rats were injected with kainic acid (KA) or saline i.p. to investigate time-dependent alterations in morphology and number of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) immunoreactive (-ir) astrocytes and neurons in hippocampus at 15, 30, and 90 days after the injections. Sections were stained with cresyl violet for morphological evaluation and bFGF immunohistochemistry was used for quantitative evaluation of bFGF-ir cell density. Fifteen days after KA injection, there was gliosis but no neuronal loss although disorganization in CA1, CA3, CA4 pyramidal layers and neuronal loss were evident 30 and 90 days after the injection. KA injected rats demonstrated significantly increased number of bFGF-ir astrocytes throughout the hippocampus and pyramidal neurons in CA2 after 15 days and decreased number of bFGF-ir cells after 30 and 90 days. The decrease in the number of bFGF-ir astroglia and neurons in long term after KA injection may indicate a decrease in the production of bFGF and/or number of bFGF-ir cells suggesting that protective effects of bFGF may be altered during epileptogenesis in hippocampus.     

转化生长因子-β和碱性成纤维细胞因子在儿童原发性局灶节段性肾小球硬化肾组织中的表达

目的：通过检测转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）在儿童原发性局灶节段性肾小球硬化（FSGS）肾组织中的表达情况,并分析其与肾小管间质病理变化的关系,以了解TGF-β与bFGF在原发性FSGS发生发展中的作用。方法：选择肾活检明确诊断为原发性FSGS患儿的肾组织共43例,其中不伴有肾小管间质病变的FSGS肾组织共16例,设为实验1组;伴有肾小管间质病变的FSGS肾组织共27例,为实验2组。另将同期因孤立性血尿入院肾活检证实为非FSGS、病理改变较轻的肾组织作为对照组,共17例。采用免疫组化法检测细胞/生长因子TGF-β、bFGF在各组中的表达。通过方差分析（ANOVA）和相关分析法分析细胞/生长因子的表达与FSGS肾组织病理变化的关系以及细胞/生长因子之间的相互作用关系。结果：TGF-β、bFGF在各组肾组织中均有表达,表达量在对照组、实验1组和实验2组中依次升高,各组间的差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;且TGF-β和bFGF的表达与肾小管间质指数呈正相关,相关系数依次为0.763和0.661。此外,TGF-β和bFGF两者的表达量经相关分析也显示呈正相关,相关系数为0.587。结论：TGF-β和bFGF在原发性FSGS患儿肾组织中高表达;随着FSGS的发展,它们在肾组织中表达量不断增加,促使肾小管间质向纤维化发展,而且两者在促进肾脏纤维化具有一定的协同作用。     

Differential Cellular Gene Expression in Ganglioglioma

Summary:  Purpose:  Gangliogliomas (GGs) are neuronal-glial tumors highly associated with epilepsy. We hypothesized that the expression of select gene families including neurotransmitter receptor subunits and growth factors would be distinct in neurons and astrocytes within GG compared with adjacent cortex and that these changes would yield insights into seizure onset and lesion formation.
Methods:  Candidate gene expression was defined in single immunohistochemically labeled neurons and astrocytes microdissected from GG specimens compared with neurons and astrocytes microdissected from morphologically intact cortex adjacent to the GG or normal control cortex.
Results:  Differential expression of 16 genes including glutamate transporter (EAAC1) and receptor (NMDA2C, mGluR5), growth factor (hepatocyte growth factor), and receptor (platelet derived growth factor receptor β, fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) mRNAs was detected in GG neurons compared with control neurons. In astrocytes, altered expression of p75NGF, mGluR3, TGFβ3 and Glt-1 mRNAs was detected. Nestin mRNA, a gene that exhibits enhanced expression in balloon cell cortical dysplasia, was increased in GG neurons. Because of the morphological similarities between GG and cortical dysplasia, we show that there is activation of the mTOR cascade in GG as evidenced by enhanced expression of phospho-p70S6kinase and phosphoribosomal S6 proteins.
Conclusion:  We find differential candidate gene expression in neurons and astrocytes in GG compared with adjacent cortex and show that there is activation of the mTOR pathway. These changes highlight pathways that may be pivotal for epileptogenesis and lesion growth.     

苯DNA加合物研究进展(综述)

苯ＤＮＡ加合物研究进展（综述）李桂兰，常平综述徐伯洪审校（中国预防医学科学院劳动卫生与职业病研究所，北京１０００５０）我国职业接触苯的工人约有５０万，长期接触苯可引起白血病。苯与其它实质性肿瘤的问题也有报道［１，２］。世界癌症研究机构（ＩＡＲＣ）１９...