儿童陈旧性肱骨髁上骨折手术治疗

作者对２４例儿童陈旧性肱骨髁上骨折畸形愈合、影响肘关节功能恢复的病人经手术治疗，发现影响关节功能活动的主要原因是鹰咀窝及冠状窝部位的骨痂增生及骨折近端前下方移位，妨对肘关节屈伸功能。认为：清除该二部位增生分痂以及使骨折得以满意复位是治疗成功的关键。     

老年胃十二指肠急性穿孔诊治分析

目的 总结老年胃十二指肠穿孔的特点及临床治疗经验。方法 回顾性分析我院1990年至2002年经手术治疗的142例60岁以上胃十二指肠溃疡或肿瘤穿孔病人的临床资料。结果 行穿孔修补术96例，胃大部切除术46例；治愈127例；死亡11例；其它4例。结论 对老年人的急性穿孔，一旦确诊尽早手术，如年龄大并存病多，也不应成为手术的禁忌证。术后的并存病治疗及营养代谢的支持是降低病死率的重要因素。     

深圳市不同户籍人群的自测健康状况比较分析

目的了解不同户籍深圳市民的自测健康状况。方法采取整群分层随机抽样方法，选择5940名应用自测健康评定量表（SRHMS）进行调查。结果迁入户籍组的深圳市民在自测健康各维度、子量表和总分上的得分最高，不同户籍的3组间自测健康的得分，大多数差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论迁入户籍的深圳市民自测健康的状况较好。     

社区老年人心理卫生保健模式分析研究

目的研究社区老年人的心理健康状况及其心理卫生保健模式。方法采用心理调查问卷并进行统计分析，结果社区老年人心理健康水平与全国成人相比存在明显差异。结论本研究顾示，社区老年人心理健康问题突出，对此提出相应心理卫生保健模式以期改善老年人心理健康状况。     

A randomised controlled trial to test the feasibility of a collaborative care model for the management of depression in older people

BACKGROUND: Depression is the most common mental health disorder in people aged over 65 years. Late-life depression is associated with chronic illness and disability. AIM: To investigate the feasibility of a collaborative care model for depression in older people in a primary care setting. DESIGN OF STUDY: Randomised controlled trial with 16-weeks follow up. SETTING: A primary care trust in Manchester. METHOD: Participants were 105 people aged 60 years or older who scored 5 or more on the Geriatric Depression Scale; 53 were randomly allocated to an intervention group and 52 to a usual care group. The intervention group received care managed by a community psychiatric nurse who delivered an intervention comprising a facilitated self-help programme with close liaison with primary care professionals and old-age psychiatry according to a defined protocol. The usual care group received usual GP care. A nested qualitative study explored the views of the health professionals and patients regarding the acceptability and effectiveness of the intervention. RESULTS: The main outcome measure was recovery from depression. Patients in the intervention group were less likely to suffer from major depressive disorder at follow up compared with usual care (0.32, 95% confidence = interval = 0.11 to 0.93, P = 0.036). The qualitative component of the study demonstrated the acceptability of the intervention to patients. CONCLUSION: A model of collaborative care for older people with depression, used in a primary care setting with a facilitated self-help intervention is more effective than usual GP care. This study demonstrates that the implementation of a collaborative care model is feasible in UK primary care and that the intervention is effective and acceptable to patients.     

老年大鼠的海马神经元对微量注射Ach的敏感性

本工作观察了老年大鼠海马神经元对微量注射Ach(10μg/0.5μl)的敏感性。 实验在6只老年大鼠(大于30月龄)和5只年青大鼠(4～5月龄)上进行。结果表明:年青大鼠和老年大鼠的海马神经元对Ach的主要反应模式有所不同,前者多出现神经元放电明显增加的兴奋反应。后者多出现抑制反应,神经元的放电明显减少。此外,老年大鼠的海马神经元对Ach反应的持续时间(包括兴奋和抑制反应)也明显长于年青大鼠。本文对海马神经元敏感性和适应能力的改变可能是影响老年记忆的重要因素进行了讨论。     

老年人脑电图与认知功能的关系研究

目的:探讨老年人脑电图(EEG)与认知功能的关系。方法:对569名老年人进行EEG 检查及认知功能测验,用选自韦氏成人智力量表(WAIS-R)的算术、数字广度、填图、木块图以及简易智能状态检查表(MMSE)等五项测验逐个测量老年人的认知水平。在第一次测查一年后,对其中373 名老年人重复进行认知功能测查。结果:MMSE及数字广度测验的得分变化与各位点EEG θ、δ波功率值有关,MMSE:得分下降组基线θ、δ波功率值高于MMSE得分不变组,差异有统计学意义,主要以头后部各区(T3、T5,P3、O1,O2,T4、T6)为明显。T6处θ波功率为9．25μV2,对MMSE得分下降诊断的灵敏度为0．73,特异度为0．64。T3处θ波功率的增加为8．75μV2,对数字广度得分下降诊断的灵敏度为 0．75,特异度为0．56。结论:EEG θ波功率的增加对了解认知功能下降有重要的参考价值。     

Distribution of TT virus (TTV), TTV-like minivirus,and related viruses in humans and nonhuman primates

TT virus (TTV) and TTV-like minivirus (TLMV) are small DNA viruses with single-stranded, closed circular, antisense genomes infecting man. Despite their extreme sequence heterogeneity (>50%), a highly conserved region in the untranslated region (UTR) allows both viruses to be amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). TTV/TLMV infection was detected in 88 of 100 human plasma samples; amplified sequences were differentiated into TTV and TLMV by analysis of melting profiles, showing that both viruses were similarly prevalent. PCR with UTR primers also detected frequent infection with TTV/TLMV-related viruses in a wide range of apes (chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, gibbons) and African monkey species (mangabeys, drills, mandrills). These findings support the hypothesis for the co-evolution of TTV-like viruses with their hosts over the period of primate speciation, potentially analogous to the evolution of primate herpesviruses.     

青岛市中青年领导干部心理健康状况的调查研究

本研究采用部卷方式，调查探讨了青岛市中青年领导干部的心理健康状况，结果表明，（1）青岛市中青年领导干部的心理健康状况远远好于普通人群。（2）青岛市中青年领导干部的“自我与经验的和谐水平”以及“自我的灵活性”极明显地高于大学生常模。(2)青岛市青年领导干部的“自我与经验的不和谐”水平与其心理健康程度密切相关；其“自我的灵活性”与心理健康的多个方面也有着密切的相关。     

局灶性脑缺血后老年大鼠室管膜下区和颗粒下层细胞增殖与分化的实验研究

目的观察老年大鼠局灶性脑缺血后室管膜下区（SVZ）和颗粒下层（SGZ）神经干细胞的增殖与分化.方法取老年大鼠制作大脑中动脉梗塞模型.用5-溴脱氧尿核苷（BrdU）脉冲标记结合免疫组织化学单标记技术,观察正常组、假手术组、脑缺血后3、7、14、21、28 d组SVZ和SGZ区BrdU阳性细胞的变化;用BrdU累积标记结合免疫组织化学双标技术,观察脑缺血14 d后SVZ和SGZ区BrdU/NeuN和BrdU/GFAP双标阳性细胞的数量.结果在正常组、假手术组及各脑缺血组大鼠的双侧SVZ和SGZ均可观察到BrdU阳性细胞.与正常组和假手术组相比,脑缺血后SVZ和SGZ区BrdU阳性细胞明显增加.缺血组SVZ区BrdU阳性细胞在脑缺血后7 d时达到高峰,28 d时仍高于正常水平;SGZ区BrdU阳性细胞在脑缺血后14 d时达到高峰,28 d时仍高于正常水平.通过BrdU累积标记和免疫组织化学双标发现：脑缺血14 d后,老年大鼠SVZ区有部分细胞显示BrdU/NeuN（0.98%）或BrdU/GFAP（12.56%）双标阳性,而SGZ区未见双标细胞.结论局灶性脑缺血可激活老年大鼠室管膜下区和颗粒下层的神经干细胞明显增殖,并且室管膜下区有部分增殖细胞可分化为神经元或神经胶质.