Curiosity

How does the ideal psychoanalytic institute deal with the divergence of ideas? We should teach the desirability of both the accretion of ideas and of the revolution against them. The sum of these two paths is curiosity, a demanding ideal.     

Trauma experience in children and adolescents: An assessment of the effects of trauma type and role of interpersonal proximity

The psychiatric sequelae associated with childhood experience(s) of trauma is complex and distinguishable from that of adult trauma exposure. Categories of impairment associated with experiences of early trauma include internalizing and externalizing emotional and behavioral problems, posttraumatic stress symptomatology, and dissociation. The present study assessed the relationship between the type of trauma experience (i.e., non-interpersonal or interpersonal) and the manifestation of a wide range of psychiatric symptomatology using prospective longitudinal data from a community sample of ethnically diverse children and adolescents (N = 1676; ages 4–18). The study also examined the relationship between different types of trauma experiences (e.g., direct, vicarious, interpersonal) and levels of various symptom domains (e.g., anxiety, posttraumatic stress, conduct problems). A number of factors relevant to the relationship between early trauma experience and subsequent impairment including temperament, socioeconomic status, sex, and age were included in the analyses. Results indicated that interpersonal traumas involving significant interpersonal proximity were associated with externalizing problems (i.e., oppositional defiant and conduct problems). Direct trauma experiences and emotionality were positively associated with almost all symptom domains. Implications for the relationship between trauma and developmental psychopathology are discussed.     

初中生自我表露团体辅导效果评价

目的评价自我表露团体辅导对提高初中生自我表露的有效性,为提高初中生自我表露的水平和提升人际关系效能感提供依据。方法随机选取某初中二年级2个班共123人,实验组63人,对照组60人。对实验组进行自我表露团体辅导,为时8周,每周1次;对照组进行常规学习。2组学生在辅导前和辅导后分别完成中学生自我表露问卷和中学生人际交往效能感问卷调查。结果团体辅导后,实验组自我表露的内容和功能认识维度、人际交往效能感的信任感和主动性维度得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;实验组干预前后在上述4个维度上的得分差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论自我表露团体辅导能有效提高初中生自我表露的水平和人际关系效能感,效果显著。     

农村地区结核病核心信息人际传播效果评价

目的评价中学生接受结核病核心信息培训后对其家长、居民进行人际传播干预提高农村居民结核病核心信息知晓率和患者发现水平的效果。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取邯郸市2个乡镇分别作为试验组和对照组,对试验组中学生实施结核病核心信息干预活动,并指导其将所学知识对家庭成员及周围居民进行人际传播,比较试验组和对照组干预前后对结核病核心信息的知晓率,分析当地结核病患者的就诊数的患者与发现数量的变化。结果干预后,试验组对结核病可疑症状、诊疗机构和免费政策知晓率分别从37．4％、37．8％和37．5％提高到97．1％、91．8％和96．7％,差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）;干预后1年内可疑者年就诊率和涂阳肺结核病患者登记率较干预前分别提高了0．98％o和10．23／10万。结论由乡镇中学生对农村居民开展结核病核心信息人际传播,能明显提高学生及家长和居民对结核病的认知水平和患者发现数量。     

如何做好甲状腺手术的术前沟通

近些年来,我国居民健康无病意识和社会维权意识不断增强,对自身疾病的诊治也提出了更高的要求。尽管医生尽最大的努力满足患者的要求,一旦出现了难以避免的并发症,患者及其家属不仅诉诸于法律,还要诉诸于武力。身处当今医疗环境之下,应尽量避免医疗纠纷的发生,而其关键不仅仅在于医生自身专业知识的积累和技术水平的提高,还在于医患沟通的技巧。笔者结合甲状腺疾病和手术特点及相关法律法规、相关案例和临床经验等对如何做好甲状腺手术术前沟通做了总结和归纳,希望有助于增加医患信任,缓解当今紧张的医患关系。     

士官军人人际关系困扰与应对方式的相关性

目的:研究士官军人人际关系困扰和应对方式的关系。方法:以陆军士官军人为研究对象,采用人际关系综合诊断量表和应对方式问卷进行调查分析。结果:士官军人存在人际困扰的比例为78%;士官军人应对方式高于士官军人常模,其解决问题、求助因子显著高于常模(t=26.08,10.38;P0.01);士官军人人际关系困扰与应对方式存在相关,成熟型应对方式与人际关系困扰呈显著相关(r=-0.18~0.29,P0.05);回归分析显示,应对方式各因子可共同解决人际困扰问题的27%,解决问题、求助的运用能明显缓解人际困扰。结论:成熟的应付方式(解决问题、求助)有助于缓解士官军人人际关系困扰。