Describing Functioning in People Living With Spinal Cord Injury in Switzerland: A Graphical Modeling Approach

Objective

To describe functioning in people living with spinal cord injuries (SCI) in Switzerland.

The effectiveness of group exercise for improving activity and participation in adult stroke survivors: a systematic review

BackgroundFollowing post stroke rehabilitation, group exercise interventions can be used to continue improving cardiovascular fitness, activity levels, balance, gait, movement efficiency, and strengthening. However, little is known of the effectiveness of group exercise for improving activity and participation in stroke survivors.ObjectivesThis review aims to assess the effectiveness of group exercise for improving activity and participation in adult stroke survivors.Data sourcesDatabases searched were MEDLINE, Web of Science (Core collection), CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library.Study eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) of group exercise using validated outcome measures of activity and participation for post stroke rehabilitation. Two independent reviewers assessed all abstracts, extracted data, conducted a narrative synthesis and assessed the quality of all included articles. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool assessed methodological quality and included outcome measure quality was assessed.Results14 RCTs were included (n = 624 chronic stroke survivors collectively). Studies ranged between 12 and 243 stroke participants with an average of left:right hemisphere lesions of 32:39 and average age was 66.7 years. Although intervention and control groups improved, no significant difference between group differences were evident.Conclusionand implications of key findings: The review found improvements are short-term and less evident at long-term follow up with little improvements in participation after 6 months. However, this review was limited to the standard of intervention reporting. Further research should consider consistency in measuring underpinning mechanisms of group exercise interventions, which may explain the lack of activity changes in long-term follow-up.
Systematic review registration number PROSPEROCRD42017078917.     

Reliability of the Functional Independence Measure for children in normal Thai children

BACKGROUND: The Functional Independence Measure for children (WeeFIM) is a new instrument for evaluating functionality in disabled children aged 9-100 months. It was developed to determine a child's functional capacity and performance. With no baseline information about Thai children, it is difficult to assess whether a patient is initially high or low with respect to function. METHODS: The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the interrater, intrarater reliability and appropriateness of the use of the WeeFIM and to establish a normative data profile suitable for Thai children. The WeeFIM is an instrument used to assess independence in self-care, sphincter control, transfer, locomotion, communication, and social cognition. RESULTS: Direct interviews were conducted in the communities for 569 normal Thai children (289 girls and 280 boys) aged 6-100 months. The interrater and intrarater reliability scores were examined. The WeeFIM total and domain scores increased progressively with age. Intraclass correlation coefficients for the reliability for the WeeFIM domain score ranged from 0.90 to 0.99. Total WeeFIM intraclass correlation coefficients values were greater than 0.97 for all analyses. The authors classified the 18 items into six groups according to the degree of correlation with age. Most items were highly correlated with age as indicated by a Spearman's correlation coefficient greater than 0.8. The interrater and intrarater reliability of the WeeFIM subscores was high. CONCLUSION: The current study demonstrated that WeeFIM could be employed as a useful and reliable instrument for assessing functional independence for Thai children. Therefore, usage of WeeFIM with different age criteria for achieving independence should be adopted. Normative functional independence measures for a large group of Thai children will enhance the knowledge base about their development measurement and provide a database for future investigations on clinical population in Thailand.     

医用超声线阵换能器的测试方法

从完整性、一致性和独立性三个方面对线阵换能器的测试方法进行了探讨。     

对HIV/AIDS患者自我和谐调理的浅识

了解艾滋病在我国的蔓延情况，分析从HIV／AIDS患者自身角度出发对防治艾滋病的重要意义，并提出激发患者自主性的一些基本措施，为艾滋病的防治工作提供一些参考。     

康复对颈髓损伤患者功能恢复的影响

目的探讨康复治疗对颈髓损伤患者功能恢复的影响。方法对92例脊髓损伤患者进行常规康复治疗,根据损伤部位分为颈髓损伤、胸髓损伤、腰髓损伤3组,治疗前后采用Barthel指数、功能独立性评定(FIM)进行评定。结果经过60～426d治疗后,3组患者的Barthel指数及FIM评分均有显著提高(P<0.001),三组间比较,腰髓损伤患者优于胸髓损伤,而胸髓损伤又优于颈髓损伤患者(P<0.05)。结论康复治疗能促进颈髓损伤患者的功能恢复,但效果不如胸、腰段脊髓损伤者。     

中西医结合神经康复方案治疗脑性瘫痪临床疗效分析

目的研究以针刺为主的中西医结合神经康复方案对脑性瘫痪（CP）患者临床疗效的影响。方法对30例CP患者给予针刺、神经促通手法、电磁物理因子刺激、躯干肢体易化训练以及神经营养药物,分析治疗前、治疗1.5个月后（中评）、治疗3个月后（末评）功能独立性评定（FIM）结果以及治疗效果的变化。结果治疗1.5个月时FIM结果变化不明显（P〉0.05）,而治疗3个月后FIM明显提高,其中生活自理能力、转移行进能力以及社交交流能力好转明显（P〈0.05）,而括约肌功能变化差异无统计学意义;末评的显效率、总有效率比中评时提高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;男、女性患者治疗的FIM结果比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;治疗后3～9岁患者的FIM值提高较明显（P〈0.05）。结论以针刺为主的中西医神经康复方案能明显促进CP患者生活自理能力、行进转移能力以及社交交流能力的提高,而且以坚持治疗3个月以上者效果显著。