HPLC法测定乳癖安消软胶囊中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定乳癖安消软胶囊中盐酸小檗碱含量的方法。方法：采用HPLC法。SHIMADZU VP—ODS色谱柱（150mm×4．6mm,5um）,流动相：乙腈-水（含0．5％磷酸和0．3％三乙胺）为23：77,体积流量：1．0ml／min,柱温：30℃,检测波长265nm。结果：盐酸小檗碱线性范围为0．029-0．580ug（r=0．9998）,平均回收率为98．62％,RSD=2．04％（n=6）。结论：该方法简便,准确,可用于控制乳癖安消软胶囊中盐酸小檗碱含量。     

Berberine inhibits IFN-γ signaling pathway in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis

AimsThe potential signaling pathways and core genes in ulcerative colitis (UC) were investigated in this study. Furthermore, potential mechanisms of BBR in treating UC were also explored.MethodsExpression profiling by array of UC patients were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined with the differential analysis. The biological functions of DEGs were analyzed through the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was applied to analyze the expression differences between two different phenotype sample sets. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was applied to establish UC model of mice and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was utilized to induce inflammatory damage of NCM460 cells. Therapeutic effects of berberine (BBR) on disease performance, pathologic changes and serum supernatant indices were analyzed in vivo. To further investigate the potential mechanisms of BBR in treating UC, the expression of genes and proteins in vivo and in vitro were examined by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemical staining and western blotting.ResultsImmune-inflammatory genes were identified and up-regulated significantly in UC patients. In addition, IFN-γ signaling pathway and its core genes were significantly up-regulated in the phenotype of UC. All disease performance and the pathologic changes of UC in mice were evidently ameliorated by BBR treatment. The pro-inflammatory cytokines of serum, including CXCL9, CXCL1, IL-17 and TNF-α, in UC mice were significantly reduced by treatment of BBR. In terms of mechanisms of BBR in treating UC, the pro-inflammatory and immune-related genes, encoding IFN-γ, IRF8, NF-κB and TNF-α decreased significantly in UC mice followed by BBR treatment. Meanwhile, the expression of IFN-γ and its initiated targets, including IRF8, Ifit1, Ifit3, IRF1, were suppressed significantly by BBR treatment in vivo. The blocking of IFN-γ in vitro led to the silence of IFN-γ signaling pathway after exposure to BBR. Furthermore, the blocking of IFN-γ in vitro led to the silence of IFN-γ signaling pathway after exposure to BBR.ConclusionBBR holds anti-inflammatory activity and can treat UC effectively. The anti-inflammatory property of BBR is tightly related to the suppression of IFN-γ signaling pathway, which is crucial in immune-inflammatory responses of the colon mucosa.     

Phytochemical standardization of Aloe vera extract by HPTLC techniques

ObjectiveTo examine the phytochemical parameters of Aloe vera (A. vera) L. which can be used as a tool for its standardization.MethodsThe phytochemical analysis, solubility test, heavy metal analysis, antimicrobial study and quantitative analysis of gallic acid and berberine by HPTLC method were included in present study.ResultsPhytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrate, tannin, steroid, triterpenoid and glycoside. Total flavonoid and phenol content was found to be 1.9% and 13.11%. Concentartion of lead, arsenic, mercury and cadmium was found to be under the limit. Total bacterial count, yeast and moulds contents were found to be under the limit whereas Escherichia coli (E. coli) and salmonella was found to be absent in the extract. Quantitative analysis through HPTLC revealed the presence of 2.74% and 0.543% w/w of berberine and gallic acid.ConclusionsThe results indicate that the plant extract are rich in berberine and gallic acid implying their importance to human health. This investigation could be used as source of standard parameters which can play an important role in its standardization.     

黄连须根的处理对黄连饮片质量的影响

目的对不同产地黄连的净品及须根中的盐酸小檗碱含量进行测定,探讨增加黄连药用部位的可行性,为黄连炮制工艺提供依据。方法采用高效液相色谱法。流动相︰乙腈︰水(磷酸二氢钾,磷酸调pH值)(26:74v/v)︰测定波长:345nm;柱温:25℃;流速:0.8ml/min。结果测定结果显示,利川、石柱、大邑黄连净品盐酸小檗碱含量平均值分别为5.22%、5.64%、5.40%,三产地黄连须根中有效成分的含量平均值分别为2.06%、2.36%、2.00%,几乎占黄连净品的2/5。结论黄连须根中盐酸小檗碱含量值较高,可保留须根,不仅可以增加其药用部位,也可以保证其质量,为机械化大生产提供品质保障的依据。     

黄连素临床应用的研究进展

黄连素是一种生物碱,具有抗感染、调节血脂、降血糖、提高胰岛素敏感性、抗心律失常、抗肿瘤及改善多囊卵巢综合征症状等生物学作用。作为天然药物,黄连素口服不良反应较少,偶有恶心、呕吐、皮疹和药热,停药后消失。黄连素成分单一、药源广泛、易于提取、价廉、安全、高效,有良好的临床应用前景。     

高效液相色谱法测定肋柱花四味汤散中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的 利用高效液相色谱法测定肋柱花四味汤散中盐酸小檗碱的含量.方法 采用C18柱,流动相为乙腈-0.05mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾(用磷酸调节pH至3)(30:70);流速1.0ml·min-1;检测波长346nm;柱温25℃.结果 盐酸小檗碱在0.03914-0.3914μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均...     

清热败毒合剂的质量控制

目的：清热败毒合剂属于医院自制制剂,原标准中未对主药进行质量控制,为了提高其质量标准,更好的控制医院制剂质量,保障人民用药安全、有效,现对其原有质量标准进行修订。黄连为清热败毒合剂的主药,盐酸小檗碱为抗菌主要有效成分,因此增加黄连、盐酸小檗碱的薄层色谱鉴别。方法：提取方法简单,取清热败毒合剂10ml,蒸干,残渣加甲醇1ml使溶解。结果：薄层色谱斑点清晰可见。结论：采用此种方法,简单可靠,能有效控制本品的质量。     

正交设计法研究盐酸小檗碱滴丸制备工艺

目的研究盐酸小檗碱滴丸制备的工艺因素,确立最佳制备工艺条件。方法以滴丸的丸重差异、溶散时限、硬度及圆整度评价等作为综合质量评定指标,采用正交设计实验优选滴丸的处方和成型工艺。结果以聚乙二醇6000为基质,液体石蜡为冷凝剂,熔融液温度80℃条件下,盐酸小檗碱滴丸制备以药物与基质比例1∶7、冷凝液温度0℃、滴距3cm为最佳条件。结论制得的滴丸丸重差异小、溶散时间短、综合质量好,符合滴丸的质量要求,可用于盐酸小檗碱滴丸制备。     

小檗碱对颈动脉粥样硬化家兔NF-κB的影响

目的:探讨小檗碱预防颈动脉粥样硬化形成的作用机制。方法:将24只雄性新西兰大白兔随机分成3组:正常组、颈动脉粥样硬化组(模型组)、小檗碱预防组(小檗碱组)。正常组给予正常饮食,模型组行高脂饲料喂养加颈动脉内膜空气干燥术建立颈动脉粥样硬化模型,小檗碱组在给予模型组相同处理的同时灌服小檗碱。术后4周麻醉处死,取颈动脉组织行HE染色、NF-κBP65免疫组织化学染色、RT-PCR法测NF-κBP65mRNA表达水平。结果:模型组血管病变以泡沫细胞为主,有动脉粥样斑块形成;小檗碱组血管主要显示内膜明显增厚,有少量泡沫细胞;小檗碱组NF-κBP65阳性细胞数密度高于正常组(P<0.05),明显低于模型组(P<0.05);RT-PCR半定量分析发现,小檗碱组NF-κBP65/β-actin扩增带吸光度值比值高于正常组(P<0.05),而明显低于模型组(P<0.05)。结论:小檗碱可能通过抑制NF-κB活性,降低组织中NF-κB含量,预防颈动脉粥样硬化形成。     

Berberine induces apoptosis in SW620 human colonic carcinoma cells through generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of JNK/p38 MAPK and FasL

Berberine is the major constituent of Coptidis Rhizoma with multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, promotion of apoptosis and anticancer potential effect. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) may contribute to the causal relationship between tumorigenesis and pro-apoptotic function. Berberine is studied for the mechanism of its action in apoptotic pathway in human colonic carcinoma cell. Treatment of SW620 cells with 50 μM berberine resulted in activation of the caspase 3 and caspase 8, cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and the release of cytochrome c; whereas, the expression of BID and anti-apoptosis factor c-IAP1, Bcl-2, and Bcl-_XL were decreased markedly. Berberine-induced, dose-dependent induction of apoptosis was accompanied by sustained phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, as well as generation of the ROS. Furthermore, the induction of apoptosis was alleviated by inhibitors specific for JNK and p38. In addition, there was an increase in the cellular levels of phospho-c-Jun, FasL and t-BID in the berberine-induced apoptosis via the activation of JNK and p38 signaling modules. NAC administration, a scavenger of ROS, reversed berberine-induced apoptosis effects via inhibition of JNK, p38 and c-jun activation, and FasL and t-BID expression. These results leads us to speculate that berberine may play an apoptotic cascade in SW620 cells by activation of the JNK/p38 pathway and induction of ROS production, providing a new mechanism for berberine-induced cell death in human colon cancer cells.