Character and frequency of pathological changes in the solitary rat kidney after removal of the other kidney in old age

One kidney was removed from male rats weighing 500–850 g; the remaining kidney underwent compensatory hypertrophy and, after 1–2 months, it was larger (index of hypertrophy 70–92%) in rats weighing 700–850 g than in animals weighing 500–600 g (56–58%). Histological investigation showed that this marked hypertrophy of the solitary kidney in old rats was not the result of disease of the organ, for pathological changes such as are sometimes found in intact and hypertrophied kidneys were found in only 38 of 223 animals. The results suggest that the ability of the kidneys to undergo, compensation and regeneration is not reduced in old age.Laboratory of Growth and Development, Institute of Human Morphology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 9, pp. 362–366, September, 1977.     

鼻腔恶性黑色素瘤10例临床病理分析

目的 探讨鼻腔恶性黑色素瘤的临床病理特征,并对其诊断和鉴别诊断进行讨论.方法 结合组织形态学结构和免疫组化,对10例鼻腔恶性黑色素瘤进行临床病理分析.结果 10例鼻腔恶性黑色素瘤中男性3例,女性7例,年龄52～83岁,平均年龄59.8岁.肿瘤由上皮样,梭形及未分化小细胞等多种类型的细胞组成.免疫组化标记瘤细胞均表达HMB-45、S-100蛋白、vimentin.结论 鼻腔黏膜恶性黑色素瘤易误诊为其它鼻腔原发性肿瘤,导致临床处理不当,延误治疗,与皮肤恶性黑色素瘤相比,鼻腔黏膜恶性黑色素瘤更具有侵袭性、预后差等特点.     

In vivo and in vitro effects of imidacloprid on sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus): a light and electron microscopic study

The effects of imidacloprid (Advantage) on sheep keds (Melophagus ovinus Linné 1758) were studied in vivo and in vitro by means of direct observation (monitored on video tape) and by light and electron microscopy. It was found that: 1. Imidacloprid acted rapidly on all motile stages of the sheep keds. Within 3–4 min after exposure they became immobile and their legs and the abdomen started tetanic trembling movements for 15–30 min, leading to death. 2. The compound is apparently taken up by the body, since it also acted on those sheep keds that had been exclusively exposed to imidacloprid-contaminated filter papers. 3. The compound is available and active for more than 1 month in the wool of sheep; even rainfall does not reduce its efficacy. Body contact between treated mother sheep and their lambs protects them from infestation with these ectoparasites. 4. The compound initiates an ultimately lethal destruction of the ganglia, nerve chords and related muscle fibers, as can be seen in electron micrographs. Received: 7 October 2000 / Accepted: 18 October 2000     

2450MHz介质复介电常数的测量

目的测量2450MHz频率下蒸馏水和不同浓度NaCl溶液的复介电常数,用以判定系统的可靠性和稳定性.方法根据微扰法得到复介电常数的测量公式,然后通过实验对已知参数的蒸馏水和NaCl溶液进行测量,并计算其复介电常数和电导率,验证计算结果的可靠性和稳定性.结果对计算结果进行统计分析和误差分析,其均值、标准差和变异系数表明,最终结果可与M.I.T标准较好地吻合.结论这种系统可较好地测量2450MHz频率下高损耗介质的复介电常数,测量系统的主要误差是由介质体积的误差引起的,因此精确测量介质体积是测量生物组织等高损耗介质复介电常数的关键.     

鼻腔外侧壁的应用解剖

在60个头颅(男34,女26)120侧鼻腔外侧壁上观察测量了以下诸结构,结果:上鼻甲长15.9±2.9mm,宽4.7±1.1mm;中鼻甲长36.5±3.3mm,宽10.4±3.4mm;下鼻甲长42.7±3.6mm,宽12.3±1.7mm;半月裂长16.6±2.3mm;钩突长20.7±3.1mm,宽4.3±1.7mm;筛泡长19.2±4.1mm,高6.5±2.1mm,另外还测量了前鼻棘距上述各结构的距离.     

Effect of some stressors on mitosis in the corneal epithelium and the bone marrow aneuploid cell level in adrenalectomized albino rats

It was shown previously that exposure to stressors led to a decrease in the number of mitoses in the cornea as a result of G₂–M delay. The index of labeled nuclei and level of pathological mitoses were unchanged. It is now shown that injection of pyrogenal or contact hypothermia for 1 h to 28–30°C did not cause reactive inhibition to develop in adrenalectomized rats, but led to a significant increase in the level of pathological mitoses in the cornea from 4.3–6.3% in intact and adrenalectomized rats to 10.6–12.5% in adrenalectomized rats exposed to stress. Karyotypic analysis of the bone marrow cells under these conditions revealed a significant increase in the number of aneuploid cells (both hypo- and hyperdiploid).Central Research Laboratory, Khabarovsk Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. M. Chernukh.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 88, No. 9, pp. 338–341, September, 1979.     

数值模拟鼻甲的切除对鼻腔内气体流场的影响

量化研究鼻腔结构的变化对鼻腔内气体流场分布的影响.通过CT图像对鼻腔结构进行三维重建并用有限元方法对气体流场进行数值分析.对重建的鼻腔模型的一侧,分别去掉部分中鼻甲和部分下鼻甲并用有限元方法再次进行数值分析,将得到的结果与原始模型进行比较.观察气体流场分布的变化,在两侧鼻腔的流量分布均有变化,在去掉部分鼻甲的一侧流场和气压的分布也有所改变.通过数值模拟,我们量化的显示了鼻腔结构的变化对鼻腔内气体流场分布的影响.     

Wolffian附件肿瘤的临床病理观察

目的 观察Wolffian附件肿瘤的临床病理特点，探讨其病理诊断与鉴别诊断。方法 对3例Wolffian附件肿瘤进行HE及免疫组化染色（EnVision法），并进行病理观察。结果 3例Wolffian附件肿瘤均为单侧，位于阔韧带或输卵管系膜。镜下肿瘤细胞呈弥漫实体状分布，可见成片的梭形或多边形细胞及排列紧密的管状结构。管腔内衬立方或柱状上皮，细胞无明显异型，核分裂象少见。管周有PAS阳性的基膜物质。免疫组化示肿瘤细胞vimentin、AE1／AE3、α-inhibin、calretinin和WT1均呈阳性，CD99呈灶性阳性，EMA和CK7呈阴性。结论 Wolffian附件肿瘤是具有独特发病部位和组织病理学特点的妇科肿瘤，需要和一系列其他妇科肿瘤鉴别。     

Human telomerase catalytic subunit gene re-expression is an early event in oral carcinogenesis

AIMS: Detection of telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) mRNA has been used as a surrogate marker for estimation of telomerase activity. The exact role and timing of telomerase re-activation, a key enzyme implicated in cellular immortalization and transformation, in the multistep process of oral carcinogenesis is still unknown. The aim was to test the hypothesis that (i) quantitative rather than qualitative differences exist in the level of hTERT mRNA expression between normal oral mucosa, different grades of oral epithelial abnormalities and squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity, and that (ii) hTERT gene re-expression is an important, probably early event in oral carcinogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS: The relative quantity of hTERT mRNA was analysed in 45 frozen oral epithelia representing different morphological stages of oral carcinogenesis classified according to the Ljubljana classification and in 37 oral squamous cell carcinomas, using a commercially available LightCycler Telo TAGGG hTERT Quantification kit. hTERT mRNA was not detected in normal or reactive hyperplastic oral epithelia, but was present in 43% of atypical hyperplasias (premalignant lesions), 60% of intraepithelial carcinomas and 68% of oral squamous cell carcinomas. Statistical analysis revealed two groups of oral epithelial changes, with significant differences in the levels of hTERT mRNA expression: 1, normal and reactive hyperplastic oral epithelium, and 2, atypical hyperplasia, intraepithelial carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that hTERT gene re-expression represents an early event in the multistep process of oral carcinogenesis, already detectable at the stage of precancerous oral epithelial changes. Nevertheless, other genetic aberrations appear to be necessary for progression of oral epithelial abnormalities towards invasive squamous cell carcinoma.     

病理切片图像分割技术的研究

介绍了用图像处理及模式识别技术对显微细胞图像的自动分析和分类的方法,并针对医学图像分析中的难点,提出了基于归一化彩色空间和RGB,HSV彩色模型的分割方法:利用模式识别技术中关于特征向量空间聚类的方法实施真彩色分割.这种方式有效地利用了多维特征空间对于分割目标所提供的信息,使分割的准确性有了较大的提高,解决了图像分割过程中的单个细胞检出问题.