Small extracellular vesicle-associated miR-6068 promotes aggressive phenotypes of prostate cancer through miR-6068/HIC2/SIRT1 axis

Early diagnosis and treatment of patients with aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) remains a clinically unmet need. We aimed to determine the levels of small extracellular vesicle (sEV)-associated microRNAs (miRs); miR-4737, miR-6068, and miR-6076 in a large panel of PCa cells and delineate the biological significance of miR-6068 in promoting PCa cells. sEVs were isolated from the conditioned medium of PCa cells, followed by RNA extraction and quantitative Real-Time PCR analysis. Functional assays were performed, and the protein expression of hypermethylated in cancer 2 (HIC2), as a potential miR-6068 target gene, was evaluated in PCa tissues by immunohistochemistry. sEV-associated miR-6068, miR-4737, and miR-6076 levels displayed large and significant differences compared to normal cells. miR-6068 was explicitly upregulated in sEV of PC-3 and CWR-R1ca cells (P<0.010). Suppression of miR-6068 in CWR-R1ca cells decreased cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration. In contrast, upregulation of miR-6068 in RC77T/E cells decreased HIC2 levels and increased cell aggressive phenotypes. The overexpression of HIC2 in PCa tissues was primarily observed in the cytoplasm compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and normal tissues (P<0.0001). This study confirms the differential packaging of miR-4737, miR-6068, and miR-6076 in sEVs of PCa cells. MiR-6068 promotes PCa cells to acquire aggressive phenotypes by inhibiting the HIC2/Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) axis.     

A variant in microRNA-124 is involved in the control of neural cell apoptosis and associated with recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI)

IntroductionIn this study, we aimed to investigate the role of rs531564 and the underlying signaling pathways.MethodsFive hundred and twenty-eight spinal cord injury (SCI) patients were genotyped for the analysis of the effect of rs531564 upon the miR-124 expression.ResultsBy luciferase assays, we validated Bcl-2-like protein 11 (BIM) as a target gene of miR-124 with a negative regulatory relationship between them. We also observed that miR-124 suppressed cell viability and accelerated cell apoptosis.Conclusionsrs531564 could affect the expression of BIM by reducing the expression of miR-124, and it could be a bio-marker for the length of recovery after SCI.     

Lactate promotes vascular smooth muscle cell switch to a synthetic phenotype by inhibiting miR-23b expression

Recent research indicates that lactate promotes the switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to a synthetic phenotype, which has been implicated in various vascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of lactate on the VSMC phenotype switch and the underlying mechanism. The CCK-8 method was used to assess cell viability. The microRNAs and mRNAs levels were evaluated using quantitative PCR. Targets of microRNA were predicted using online tools and confirmed using a luciferase reporter assay. We found that lactate promoted the switch of VSMCs to a synthetic phenotype, as evidenced by an increase in VSMC proliferation, mitochondrial activity, migration, and synthesis but a decrease in VSMC apoptosis. Lactate inhibited miR-23b expression in VSMCs, and miR-23b inhibited VSMC''s switch to the synthetic phenotype. Lactate modulated the VSMC phenotype through downregulation of miR-23b expression, suggesting that overexpression of miR-23b using a miR-23b mimic attenuated the effects of lactate on VSMC phenotype modulation. Moreover, we discovered that SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3) was the target of miR-23b in regulating VSMC phenotype. Further findings suggested that lactate promotes VSMC switch to synthetic phenotype by targeting SMAD3 and downregulating miR-23b. These findings suggest that correcting the dysregulation of miR-23b/SMAD3 or lactate metabolism is a potential treatment for vascular diseases.     

干扰lncRNA RHPN1-AS1表达通过靶向miR-339-5p对肝癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探讨长链非编码RNA PCNA1(lncRNA RHPN1)反义AS1(RHPN1-AS1)对肝癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其作用机制.方法:将si-NC(lncRNA RHPN1-AS1阴性对照组)、si-RHPN1-AS1(沉默lncRNA RHPN1-AS1组)、pcDNA(真核表达载体组)、pcDNA-RHP...     

替罗非班通过上调miR-22保护ox-LDL诱导的脐静脉内皮细胞损伤

目的 探讨替罗非班对氧化型低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)诱导的脐静脉内皮细胞(EA.hy926)损伤的影响和可能机制.方法 采用低、中、高剂量的替罗非班作用于ox-LDL诱导的EA.hy926细胞,采用细胞计数法(CCK-8)、流式细胞术分别检测细胞活力和凋亡.实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测miR-22表达水平...     

miR-217靶向MAPK1抑制胃癌细胞侵袭转移作用研究

目的：研究miR-217靶向MAPK1与胃癌侵袭转移的关系。方法在3个不同分化的胃癌细胞株MKN-28、SGC-7901、BGC-823中通过qRT-PCR技术检测miR-217情况,Western blot检测MAPK1表达,Transwell实验分析miR-217下调MAPK1表达后胃癌细胞侵袭转移能力改变。结果低分化人胃癌细胞株中MAPK1低表达,而miR-217高表达,中、高分化人胃癌细胞株中MAPK1高表达,而miR-217低表达（P＜0.05）;SGC-7901-miR-217mimics细胞株中miR-217表达增高,而MAPK1表达下调（P＜0.05）;而SGC-7901、SGC-7901-miR-Scramble、SGC-7901-miR-217-PM 3个细胞株中miR-217表达水平较低,而MAPK1表达水平较高（P＞0.05）。 SGC-790-miR-217 mimics侵袭细胞计数明显低于其他3组（P＜0.05）,SGC-7901、SGC-7901-miR-Scramble、SGC-7901-miR-217-PM 3组之间侵袭细胞计数无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。结论 miR-217能靶向结合MAPK1,降低其表达水平并抑制胃癌细胞的侵袭和转移。     

氧化应激条件下miR-21对人眼小梁网细胞胞外基质蛋白表达的影响

目的 探讨氧化应激条件下miR-21对人眼小梁网细胞(human trabecular meshwork cells,HTMCs)胞外基质蛋白表达的影响.方法 用不同浓度H2O2(0μmol·L-1、200 μmol·L-1、400 μmol·L-1、600 μmol·L-1)刺激HTMCs l h,MTT法检测其对HTMCs活力的影响,从而确定后续实验所需H2O2浓度.随后将细胞分成正常组和H2O2组,Real-time PCR检测miR-21的表达,Western blot检测胞外基质蛋白(纤维连接蛋白和胶原蛋白I)的表达.然后将细胞分成5组:H2O2组(只用H2O2处理)、miR-21干预组(H2O2+ miR-21模拟物)、miR-21对照组(H2O2+ miR-21对照模拟物)、miR-21抑制组(H2O2+ miR-21抑制剂)和miR-21抑制对照组(H2O2+miR-21抑制剂对照物),Real-time PCR检测miR-21、转化生长因子(transforming growth factor,TGF)-β2和PTEN mRNA表达,Western blot检测胞外基质蛋白、TGF-β2和PTEN蛋白表达.最后将细胞分成3组:H2O2组(只用H2O2处理)、PTEN干扰组(H2O2 +PTEN siRNA)和干扰对照组(H2O2+ control siRNA),检测PTEN、胞外基质蛋白和TGF-β2蛋白水平表达.结果 当H2O2浓度≥400 μmol·L-1时,可显著抑制HTMCs的活性,后续实验选择此浓度.与正常组相比,H2O2组中miR-21、纤维连接蛋白和胶原蛋白Ⅰ的表达均增加,差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05).检测氧化应激条件下miR-21对胞外基质蛋白、TGF-β2和PTEN表达的影响,发现与H2 O2组相比,miR-21对照组和miR-21抑制对照组中miR-21、纤维连接蛋白与胶原蛋白Ⅰ蛋白水平表达以及TGF-β2和PTEN mRNA及蛋白水平表达差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05);与miR-21对照组相比,miR-21干预组miR-21、纤维连接蛋白和胶原蛋白Ⅰ蛋白水平及TGF-β2 mRNA和蛋白水平表达均增加,PTEN蛋白水平表达降低,差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05),而PTEN mRNA表达差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05);与miR-21抑制对照组相比,miR-21抑制组miR-21、纤维连接蛋白和胶原蛋白Ⅰ蛋白水平及TGF-β2 mRNA和蛋白水平表达均降低,PTEN蛋白水平表达增加,差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜O.05),而PTEN mRNA水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).采用Western blot检测氧化应激条件下PTEN对TGF-β2和胞外基质蛋白表达的影响,发现与H2O2组相比,干扰对照组PTEN、TGF-β2、纤维连接蛋白和胶原蛋白Ⅰ的表达差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05);与干扰对照组相比,PTEN干扰组PTEN的表达下调,TGF-β2、纤维连接蛋白和胶原蛋白Ⅰ的表达均升高,差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05).结论 氧化应激条件下miR-21可增加HTMCs胞外基质产物,这可能与其靶向沉默PTEN基因,调节TGF-β2的表达相关.     

SYNCRIP controls miR-137 and striatal learning in animal models of methamphetamine abstinence

Abstinence from prolonged psychostimulant use prompts stimulant withdrawal syndrome. Molecular adaptations within the dorsal striatum have been considered the main hallmark of stimulant abstinence. Here we explored striatal miRNA–target interaction and its impact on circulating miRNA marker as well as behavioral dysfunctions in methamphetamine (MA) abstinence. We conducted miRNA sequencing and profiling in the nonhuman primate model of MA abstinence, followed by miRNA qPCR, LC–MS/MS proteomics, immunoassays, and behavior tests in mice. In nonhuman primates, MA abstinence triggered a lasting upregulation of miR-137 in the dorsal striatum but a simultaneous downregulation of circulating miR-137. In mice, aberrant increase in striatal miR-137-dependent inhibition of SYNCRIP essentially mediated the MA abstinence-induced reduction of circulating miR-137. Pathway modeling through experimental deduction illustrated that the MA abstinence-mediated downregulation of circulating miR-137 was caused by reduction of SYNCRIP-dependent miRNA sorting into the exosomes in the dorsal striatum. Furthermore, diminished SYNCRIP in the dorsal striatum was necessary for MA abstinence-induced behavioral bias towards egocentric spatial learning. Taken together, our data revealed circulating miR-137 as a potential blood-based marker that could reflect MA abstinence-dependent changes in striatal miR-137/SYNCRIP axis, and striatal SYNCRIP as a potential therapeutic target for striatum-associated cognitive dysfunction by MA withdrawal syndrome.     

丹参酮ⅡA对心力衰竭大鼠的心肌凋亡及miR-133水平的影响

目的 探讨丹参酮ⅡA对于心力衰竭大鼠心肌凋亡的影响及调控miR-133水平的机制。方法 采用胸主动脉缩窄法(TAC)建立心力衰竭大鼠模型,并给予连续12周的丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠注射液治疗,同时部分心力衰竭大鼠皮下植入渗透泵持续泵入miR-133抑制剂antagomirs,以观察其抑制miR-133的水平。分析12周后的血流动力学情况、心肌细胞的凋亡情况（采用TUENL法)、心肌促凋亡基因（Bax和Caspase-3)以及抑制凋亡基因（Bcl-2)的表达情况（采用Western blot及RT-PCR法)。结果 与假手术比较,TAC处理可导致心功能恶化（除平均动脉压外),心肌细胞的凋亡水平升高,Bax和Caspase-3蛋白和mRNA水平均上升,miR-133及Bcl-2蛋白和mRNA水平均下调;给予丹参酮ⅡA处理的TAC大鼠,除了心功能中的心率没有改善外,其余指标均有显著改善,且差异有统计学意义;皮下连续泵入antagomirs能够部分消除丹参酮ⅡA的作用。结论 丹参酮ⅡA可降低心力衰竭大鼠的心肌凋亡水平,可能的机制是上调miR-133水平实现的。