The Accuracy and Trends of Smoking History Documentation in Electronic Medical Records in a Large Managed Care Organization

The accuracy of smoking history documentation in the electronic medical records was examined at a large managed care organization among 36,494 male members who self-reported smoking history in mailed surveys. The sensitivity of electronic smoking history documentation for ever-smoking status was 0.19 in years 2003–2005 (using ICD-9/CPT code only), 0.80 in 2006–2008 and 0.84 in 2009–2010 (combination of ICD-9/CPT codes and risk factor module used after 2006). The positive predictive value was 0.96, 0.90, and 0.95 in these periods, respectively. Among self-reported ever-smokers, increased healthcare utilization and smoking intensity/duration were associated with higher likelihood of having electronic smoking history documentation, while Asian race and Spanish language preference were associated with lower likelihood. These data suggest that enhanced efforts may be needed to screen for and document smoking among racial/ethnic minorities.     

OR Department: Challenging New Study Made of Traditional O.R. Practices

The ability of nurses to adopt and successfully use EMR is expected to have a significant impact on achieving benefits such as reduction in healthcare costs and improvement in healthcare quality. A review of the current research literature reveals issues and concerns relating to the adoption and use of EMR by nurses in hospital environments. This article presents a literature review of such issues and concerns, and suggests a framework for enhancing the adoption and use of EMR by nurses and hospitals.     

电子签名在医院信息化安全中的应用与思考

医院发展的必然趋势是信息化，在医院信息化建设中要保障好数据、应用及法律等安全问题，利用数字证书进行电子签名是一个重要手段，怎样更好地实施与利用电子签名是一个值得思考的问题。     

Using electronic medical record data to report laboratory adverse events

Despite the importance of adverse event (AE) reporting, AEs are under‐reported on clinical trials. We hypothesized that electronic medical record (EMR) data can ascertain laboratory‐based AEs more accurately than those ascertained manually. EMR data on 12 AEs for patients enrolled on two Children's Oncology Group (COG) trials at one institution were extracted, processed and graded. When compared to gold standard chart data, COG AE report sensitivity and positive predictive values (PPV) were 0–21·1% and 20–100%, respectively. EMR sensitivity and PPV were >98·2% for all AEs. These results demonstrate that EMR‐based AE ascertainment and grading substantially improves laboratory AE reporting accuracy.     

Comorbidities Drive the Majority of Overall Mortality in Low-Risk Mucinous Pancreatic Cysts Under Surveillance

Background & AimsThe Charlson Comorbidity Index (CACI) has been suggested as a tool to determine comorbidity burden and guide management for patients with mucinous pancreatic cysts (Intrapapillary Mucinous Neoplasms and Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms), but has not been studied well among “low-risk” mucinous pancreatic cysts i.e. without worrisome features (WF) and high-risk stigmata (HRS). This study sought to determine the comorbidity burden among surveillance population of low-risk pancreatic cysts and provide their follow-up mortality outcomes.MethodsA single center study retrospectively reviewed a prospective pancreatic cyst database and included individuals with low-risk cysts undergoing serial imaging during 2016. Electronic medical records were reviewed to determine their baseline age-adjusted CACI (age-CACI). After 4 years, their progression to WF, disease specific (pancreatic malignancy-related, DSM), extra-pancreatic (EPM), and overall mortalities (OM) were determined using Kaplan-Meir Survival Analysis.Results502 individuals underwent prospective surveillance. The study included 440 individuals with low-risk suspected or presumed mucinous cysts and excluded 50 and 12 individuals with WF and HRS respectively. Over a median follow-up of 56 months, 12 WF progressions, 2 DSMs, 42 EPMs, and 44 OMs were observed. Baseline age-CACI had good predictive capacity for 4-year EPM (Area-Under Curve: 0.87; p< .0001). The median age-CACI of 4 enabled cohort stratification into Low (age-CACI <4) and High CACI (age-CACI ≥4) groups. A significantly higher OM (p< .001) was observed among the High CACI group as compared to the Low CACI group.ConclusionThrough real-time application of CACI to patient outcomes, our analysis supports incorporation of this comorbidity assessment tool in making shared surveillance decisions among low-risk pancreatic cyst population.     

保元汤加减对实验大鼠肺孢子虫作用的电镜观察

目的　探索中医药治疗卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的途径。　方法　应用中药保元汤加减煎剂给实验大鼠灌胃 ,通过透射电镜观察其对实验大鼠肺内肺孢子虫的作用。　结果　实验组较对照组大鼠肺内肺孢子虫有明显改变。其中肺孢子虫胞浆内大量空泡形成 ;包囊壁明显破坏 ;虫体有溶解现象。　结论　保元汤加减煎剂 ,对实验大鼠体内的卡氏肺孢子虫具有抑制和杀灭作用。     

What do academic primary care physicians want in an electronic journal?

To determine the interest of academic general internists and family physicians in specific features of electronic journal publications, we surveyed 350 physicians, 175 randomly selected from each of 2 medical societies: the Society of General Internal Medicine, and the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine. The response rate was 70%. Most general internists and family physicians used online journals sometimes or often. Most general internists and family physicians reported moderate to high interest in having links from original articles, reviews, or editorials to listed references (77% to 89% of internists and 65% to 81% of family physicians) and electronic medical reference texts (73% to 78% of internists and 65% to 83% of family physicians). Less than 25% of both groups reported moderate to high interest in having links to initiate dialog with other readers or to communicate comments to the author or editor. General internists were more likely than were family physicians to have moderate to high interest in having links to appendices and supportive material (e.g., 66% of general internists versus 46% of family physicians for original articles; P < .05) and less likely to have moderate to high interest in links to health-related web sites (44% of general internists versus 69% of family physicians for original articles; P < .05). We conclude that academic general internists and family physicians have strong but not identical interests in specific features of electronic publication that primary care-oriented journals should consider.     

产科新生儿安全信息系统的研制

本文阐述了产科新生儿安全信息系统的研制过程。该系统主要由床边安全信息采集平台和中央监护系统组成,可实现床边母婴身份识别、床边母婴信息显示、床边母婴信息发送/接收、护士站中央监护等功能。临床测试结果表明,该系统机动性好,性能稳定,通过一系列可预见性的管理功能提高了新生儿的安全管理水平。     

电子喉镜在咽喉部肿物活检中的临床应用及病理分析*

目的探讨电子喉镜下对咽喉部肿物活检的临床应用,并分析病理结果。方法回顾性分析声带白斑、喉部肿瘤、下咽部肿瘤3类咽喉部常见肿物的患者资料共199例,均在门诊电子喉镜下表面麻醉后进行组织活检,送病理检查。分析3类病变患者的性别、年龄分布及病理意义。评价电子喉镜下活检咽喉部肿物的价值和意义。结果 3类病变的男性患者均明显多于女性,声带白斑患者年龄段分布明显比喉部和下咽部肿瘤患者年轻化(P0.05)。67例声带白斑病理:慢性炎伴鳞状上皮增生35例(52.24%),低度上皮内瘤变17例(25.37%),高度上皮内瘤变12例(17.91%),可疑浸润癌2例(2.99%),浸润癌1例(1.49%)。97例喉部肿瘤病理:高度上皮内瘤变/原位癌35例(36.08%),可疑浸润癌14例(14.43%),浸润癌48例(49.48%)。35例下咽部肿瘤病理:高度上皮内瘤变/原位癌6例(17.14%,),可疑浸润癌4例(11.43%),浸润癌25例(71.43%)。结论电子喉镜下表面麻醉活检咽喉部肿物,麻醉风险低,操作灵活,明显减少了患者经济成本,为后续治疗提供了病理学依据,是方便、快捷、有效的活检方法。