10140例肾结石患者临床合并症及相关因素分析

目的 评估肾结石患者的人口学分布和临床合并症特点并探索其相关因素,为临床防治提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年12月海军军医大学附属长海医院门诊及住院患者中影像学报告为肾结石的10140例患者。根据受累肾脏情况,分为单侧肾结石组(单侧组)及双侧肾结石组(双侧组),分析两组人群在年龄、性别、实验室检查、常见临床合并症上的差异,采用logistic回归探寻可能影响双侧肾结石形成的相关因素。结果 10140例肾结石患者的平均年龄为57.75±13.30岁,男女比例为2.25:1。其中单侧组8171例（80.6%）,双侧组1969例（19.6%）。所有肾结石患者最常见的临床合并症依次为高血压病(HT)、肿瘤、高尿酸血症、糖尿病(DM)、冠心病(CHD)、脑血管疾病。两组在年龄、性别的分布,以及HT、肿瘤、高尿酸血症、CHD的合并率方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而在体重指数(BMI)、DM、脑血管疾病的合并率方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验室检查方面,单侧组血清肌酐(Cr)、尿酸(UA)、尿pH值水平低于双侧组(P<0.05);而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平高于双侧组(P<0.05);空腹血糖(FPG)、甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平方面两组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。此外,性别(男性)、高尿酸血症可能是双侧肾结石形成的重要相关因素(P<0.05),而合并肿瘤则更倾向于表现为单侧肾结石患者(P<0.05)。结论 肾结石更多见于中年男性,代谢综合征相关疾病在肾结石的发展过程扮演了重要角色,有必要加强这些疾患的早期防治。肾结石患者肿瘤合并率高,提示两者存在关联。此外,较单侧肾结石而言,男性、合并高尿酸血症与双侧肾结石形成关系更密切,应当引起重视。     

老年慢性病共病患者抑郁 焦虑状况及影响因素

目的 研究老年慢性病共病患者焦虑、抑郁的发生率及其影响因素,为临床早期干预提供依据。方法 收集2021年6月到2022年6月在北京市大兴区林校社区卫生中心就诊老年慢性病共病患者504例,采用问卷调查方法记录患者的年龄、性别、文化程度、家庭可支配收入、居住方式、慢性病种类、慢性病支出情况等一般资料。应用Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对504例老年慢性病患者进行评分,分析不同性别、可支配收入、文化程度、慢性病数量和居住方式等患者SAS和SDS评分的差别,采用多因素logistic回归分析不同因素对老年慢性病共病患者焦虑、抑郁状态的影响。结果 老年慢性病共病患者的焦虑发生率为49.80%,抑郁发生率为51.58%,同时伴有焦虑抑郁状态的发生率46.62%。可支配收入、文化程度、慢性病种类和居住方式不同的老年慢性病患者SAS和SDS评分差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。logistic回归分析显示,家庭可支配收入高(OR=0.457,95%CI:0.331～0.630)是老年慢性病共病患者焦虑的保护性因素,独居(OR=1.799,95%CI:1.494～2.16...     

PTSD and Comorbid Psychotic Disorder: Comparison with Veterans Diagnosed with PTSD or Psychotic Disorder

Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), psychosis, general psychopathology, role functioning, violence potential, and cognitive and emotional aspects of psychotic states were compared in three groups of veterans. Groups were defined on the basis of their DSM-IV diagnoses: Psychotic disorder and war-related PTSD, war-related PTSD without psychotic symptoms, and psychotic disorder without PTSD. Veterans with PTSD and a comorbid psychotic disorder showed significantly higher levels of positive symptoms of psychosis, general psychopathology, paranoia, and violent thoughts, feelings, and behaviors than the other two groups. These data show that patients with comorbid PTSD and psychotic disorder show levels of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disturbance that far exceed the levels of disturbance seen in patients with PTSD without psychosis or in patients with psychotic disorder.     

Disentangling the Overlap between Tourette's Disorder and ADHD

Objective : To identify similarities and differences in neuropsychiatric correlates in children with Tourette's syndrome (TS) and those with ADHD. Method : The sample consisted of children with Tourette's syndrome with ADHD( N = 79), children with Tourette's syndrome without ADHD ( N = 18), children with ADHD ( N = 563), psychiatrically referred children ( N = 212), and healthy controls ( N = 140). Results: Disorders specifically associated with Tourette's syndrome were obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and simple phobias. Rates of other disorders, including other disruptive behavioral, mood, and anxiety disorders, neuropsychologic correlates, and social and school functioning were indistinguishable in children with Tourette's and ADHD. However, children with Tourette's syndrome plus ADHD had more additional comorbid disorders overall and lower psychosocial function than children with ADHD. Conclusions: These findings confirm previously noted associations between Tourette's syndrome and OCD but suggest that disruptive behavioral, mood, and anxiety disorders as well as cognitive dysfunctions may be accounted for by comorbidity with ADHD. However, Tourette's syndrome plus ADHD appears to be a more severe condition than ADHD alone.     

Psoriasis: to treat or to manage?

The recognition of psoriasis as a systemic disorder with characteristic skin symptoms and associated diseases has changed treatment concepts substantially. The complexity of psoriasis disease not only requires appropriate therapy but also weight‐loss and smoking cessation programmes as well as trigger factor elimination. The term ‘management’ may better reflect the aim for a holistic approach of disease control. Comorbidity and the presence of psoriatic arthritis are important denominators for drug selection. However, there is a lack of prospective data substantiating a benefit of associated diseases by antipsoriatic therapy. Securing success using treatment goals helps to establish an efficacious therapy and to control inflammation. A regular scoring of disease severity, patients’ quality of life and assessment of other clinically relevant conditions are mandatory to closely follow the disease course. There is debate whether an early treatment may modulate the future course of psoriasis. Concepts of minimal disease activity have not been implemented in psoriasis yet. There is a lack of evidence how long any treatment should be given and when and how to terminate. Finally, outcome tools should specifically be tailored for psoriasis to evaluate disease‐related items as well as the benefit of management from the patient's perspective.