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101.
Comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the fourth leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and women have a two times greater risk than men. Thus understanding the pathophysiology has widespread implications for attenuation and prevention of disease burden. We suggest that sex-dependent MDD–CVD comorbidity may result from alterations in fetal programming consequent to the prenatal maternal environments that produce excess glucocorticoids, which then drive sex-dependent developmental alterations of the fetal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis circuitry impacting mood, stress regulation, autonomic nervous system (ANS), and the vasculature in adulthood. Evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that disruptions of pathways associated with gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) in neuronal and vascular development and growth factors have critical roles in key developmental periods and adult responses to injury in heart and brain. Understanding the potential fetal origins of these sex differences will contribute to development of novel sex-dependent therapeutics. 相似文献
102.
103.
Dong-Ho Choi Bo-Ok Jeong Hee-Ju Kang Sung-Wan Kim Jae-Min Kim Il-Seon Shin Joon-Tae Kim Man-Seok Park Ki-Hyun Cho Jin-Sang Yoon 《Psychiatry investigation》2013,10(4):382-387
Objective
We aimed to investigate the associations of post-stroke emotional incontinence (PSEI) with various psychiatric symptoms and quality of life independent of potential covariates in survivors of acute stroke.Methods
A total of 423 stroke patients were assessed within 2 weeks of the index event. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed by the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), which has nine domains comprising Somatization, Obsessive-Compulsive, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobic Anxiety, Paranoid Ideation, and Psychoticism. Quality of life was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life abbreviated form (WHOQOL-BREF), which has four domains related to physical factors, psychological factors, social relationships, and environmental context. Associations of PSEI with scores on the SCL-90-R and WHOQOL-BREF were investigated using pairwise logistic regression model adjustment for potential sociodemographic and clinical covariates.Results
PSEI was present in 51 (12.1%) patients. PSEI was associated with the Obsessive-Compulsive, Interpersonal Sensitivity, and Hostility symptom dimensions of the SCL-90-R and with the psychological factors and social relationships domains of the WHOQOL-BREF independent of important covariates including previous stroke, stroke severity, and physical disability.Conclusion
PSEI causes some aspects of psychiatric distress and negatively affects psychological and interpersonal quality of life. For patients with PSEI, special attention to psychiatric comorbidity and quality of life is needed, even in the acute stage of stroke. 相似文献104.
《Journal of mental health research in intellectual disabilities》2013,6(4):223-237
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of mental disorders in a Norwegian sample of adults with intellectual disability (ID) using the Psychopathology Checklists for Adults With Intellectual Disability (P-AID; Hove & Havik, 2008), a screening instrument adopting diagnostic criteria from the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychiatric Disorders for Use with Adults with Intellectual Disability/Mental Retardation (DC-LD; Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2001). The P-AID checklists, comprising 10 psychiatric diagnoses and 8 types of problem behaviors, were completed by staff at community-based homes for adults with ID in Western Norway. One in three adults with ID showed indices of a mental disorder. Problem behavior was the most prevalent single diagnosis next to anxiety and affective disorder, and there was a high frequency of comorbidity among the disorders. The findings extend previous reports on mental disorders and comorbidity and support the use of DC-LD in epidemiological research. 相似文献
105.
106.
Wei Phin TanVanessa A. Talbott MD Qi Quan LeongGerald A. Isenberg MD FACS Scott D. Goldstein 《The Journal of surgical research》2013
Background
The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) was adopted to assess patients' physical condition before surgery. Studies suggest that ASA score and CCI might be a prognostic criterion (indicator) for patient outcome. The aim of this study is to determine if ASA classification and CCI can determine the risk of anastomotic leaks (AL) in patients who underwent colorectal surgery.Methods
A retrospective analysis of 505 consecutive colorectal resections with primary anastomoses between 2008 and 2012 was performed at a university hospital. ASA score, CCI, surgical procedure, length of stay, age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.Results
Two hundred sixty-five patients had an ASA score of I and II, 227 patients had an ASA score of III, and 13 patients had an ASA score of IV. A total of 19 patients had an anastomotic leak (ASA I–II: 5 patients, 1.9%; ASA III: 12 patients, 5.58%; ASA IV: 2 patients, 18.18%). A higher ASA score was significantly associated with AL on further analysis (OR: 2.99, 95% CI: 1.345–6.670, P = 0.007). When matched for age, BMI, and CCI on logistic regression analysis, increased ASA level was independently related to an increased likelihood of leak (ORsteroids = 14.35, P < 0.01; ORASA_III v I–II = 2.02, P = 0.18; ORASA_IVvI–II = 8.45, P = 0.03). There were no statistically significant differences in means between the leak and no-leak patients with respect to age (60.69 versus 65.43, P = 0.17), BMI (28.03 versus 28.96, P = 0.46), and CCI (6.19 versus 7.58, P = 0.09).Conclusions
ASA score, but not CCI, is independently associated with anastomotic leak. Patients with a high ASA class should be closely followed postoperatively for AL after colorectal operations. 相似文献107.
Subramaniam M Abdin E Vaingankar J Phua AM Tee J Chong SA 《Addiction (Abingdon, England)》2012,107(8):1443-1452
Aims To establish the prevalence, correlates, comorbidity and treatment gap of alcohol use disorders in the Singapore resident population. Design The Singapore Mental Health Study is a cross‐sectional epidemiological survey. Setting A nationally representative survey of the resident (citizens and permanent residents) population in Singapore. Participants A total of 6616 Singaporean adults aged 18 years and older. Measurements The diagnoses were established using the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH‐CIDI) diagnostic modules for life‐time and 12‐month prevalence of selected mental illnesses including alcohol use disorders. Findings The life‐time prevalence of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence was 3.1% and 0.5%, while the 12‐month prevalence of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence was 0.5% and 0.3%, respectively. The life‐time and 12‐month prevalence of alcohol use disorders was 3.6% and 0.8%, respectively. Those with alcohol use disorder had significantly higher odds of having major depressive disorder [odds ratio (OR) 3.1] and nicotine dependence (OR 4.5). Compared to the rest of the population, those with an alcohol use disorder had significantly higher odds of having gastric ulcers (OR 3.0), respiratory conditions (OR 2.1) and chronic pain (OR 2.1). Only one in five of those with alcohol use disorder had ever sought treatment. Conclusions The prevalence of alcohol use disorders is relatively low in the Singapore adult population. Comorbidity with mental and physical disorders is significant, emphasizing the need to screen people with alcohol use disorders for these comorbidities. 相似文献
108.
Laurence Claes Astrid Müller Jan Norré Leen Van Assche Steve Wonderlich James E. Mitchell 《European eating disorders review》2012,20(2):126-131
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association among compulsive buying (CB), compulsive internet use (CIU) and reactive/regulative temperament in a sample of 60 female patients with eating disorders. All patients were assessed by means of the Compulsive Buying Scale, the CIU scale, the Eating Disorder Inventory—2, the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System scales, the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology and the effortful control scale of the Adult Temperament Questionnaire. The results showed a positive association between CB and CIU, both categorized as impulse control disorders, not otherwise specified. Both CB and CIU showed significantly positive correlations with emotional lability, excitement seeking and lack of effortful control (more specifically lack of inhibitory and lack of activation control). The implication of these findings for the treatment of both disorders will be discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. 相似文献
109.
Laurence Claes Trevor A. Hart Dirk Smits Frederique Van den Eynde Astrid Mueller James E. Mitchell 《European eating disorders review》2012,20(5):406-409
In the present study, we investigated the psychometric properties of the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) in a sample of 60 female eating disorder patients (Mage = 27.82, SD = 9.76). The SAAS was developed to assess anxiety about being negatively evaluated for one's appearance. All patients completed the SAAS, the Eating Disorder Inventory—2, the Physical Health Questionnaire—9 Depression and the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Psychopathology. The SAAS demonstrated a one‐factor structure and a high internal consistency. The SAAS was significantly positive in relation to body mass index, drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction. Concerning personality dimensions, the SAAS was positively related to emotional problems (e.g. depression, anxiety) and interpersonal problems (e.g. suspiciousness, submissiveness). Findings suggest that the SAAS is a psychometrically sound instrument to assess anxiety about being negatively evaluated about one's appearance in a sample of eating disorder patients. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. 相似文献
110.
Jin-Jin Li Mo-Dong Li Jie Li Xiao Yang Dan Xi Yu Li Wei Wang Fei Yan Jian Zhang 《国际眼科》2021,2(3):148-154
AIM: To examine the relationship between age-related cataracts (ARC) and comorbid hypertension and diabetes.
METHODS: We analyzed the administrative records of 6,467 patients aged 50 years and older admitted to the ophthalmological department of a tertiary hospital from January 1st, 2011 to May 20th, 2017. With either eye considered, an ARC (n=3,343) was defined as the presence of lens opacity or previous cataract surgery without evidence of trauma, congenital anomalies or using certain medications. Patients admitted to the same department during the same period due to ocular traumas without clinical evidence of cataracts (n=379) were recruited as the cataract-free controls. Unconditional logistic regressions were obtained the odds ratio (OR) of hypertension and diabetes among ARC patients adjusted for age, sex and health care accessibility.
RESULTS: Hypertension was diagnosed in 29.54% of men with any type of cataracts, in 30.12% of men with an ARC, and 10.82% of men of cataract-free controls. Diabetes was diagnosed in 16.64% of men with any type of cataracts, in 16.48% of men with ARC and 4.22% of men of cataract-free controls. Similar patterns were observed among women. After adjusting for age, sex, and health care accessibility, hypertension was weakly [OR=1.83 (95%CI: 1.23, 2.74)] and diabetes was strongly [3.38 (1.86, 6.15)] associated with ARCs. The adjusted OR of comorbid hypertension and diabetes among adults with ARC was 18.20 (4.38, 75.59).
CONCLUSION: Hypertension and diabetes were independently associated with ARC. Hypertension and diabetes, if co-existing, multiplicatively strengthened the association with ARC. 相似文献