Primary polypeptide hormones and mucin-producing malignant carcinoid of the larynx

A case of primary malignant laryngeal carcinoid with dual endocrine and mucous differentiation i s reported. Histologically the tumor showed a characteristic organoid pattern and exhibited Alcian-blue, periodic acidschiff, and Grimelius silver positivity. By the immunoperoxidase technique cal citoni n, ACTH, and or-hCG subunit were demonstrated in the tumor cells. ELectron microscopy revealed two different types of endocrinelike cells: mucous cells and occasional cells containing both endocrinelike granules and mucin droplets. Diagnostic morphologic criteria of this rare tumor entity are discussed and reference t o biologic behavior and possible h istogenesis is made.     

长托宁用于喉罩全麻术前用药的临床观察

目的研究选择性M受体拮抗剂长托宁用于喉罩全麻术前用药的临床效果。方法选取ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级行择期腹腔镜下胆囊切除术患者90例，随机分为3组（每组30例）：对照组（A组），术前不应用任何抗胆能药；阿托品组（B组）和长托宁组（C组），麻醉诱导前30min肌肉注射阿托品或长托宁0．01mg／kg，麻醉诱导后置入标准型喉罩后接麻醉机行机械通气；分别记录气管插管后5min（T1）、气管插管后30min（T2）、气管拨管前（T3）气道内分泌物量以及心率变化。结果在T1、T2、T3三个时点，B组和C组患者的气道分泌物明显少于A组（P〈0．05）；B组在T1时间点的心率明显高于A组与C组（P〈0．05）。结论长托宁用于喉罩全麻术前用药临床效果较好。     

Light and electron microscopic studies on rat arterial lesions induced by experimental arterial contraction

Summary Experimental contraction was produced in the rat mesenteric arteries and the arterial segments were studied morphologically. When the rat mesenteric artery was exposed in physiological saline solution at 37° C and 2–3 mg of methoxamine hydrochloride (10 mg/ml) was dripped onto it, intense contraction was observed for about 30 min but elevation in blood pressure was slight. During the contraction, numerous vacuoles were seen in the medial smooth muscle cells of the arterial segments, and these vacuoles were shown electron microscopically to have double unit membranes, indicating that they were formed by herniation of a part of the adjacent smooth muscle cell body. In the arteries 1–6 h after the end of the contraction, cellular, nuclear and vacuolar membranes and myofilaments of the medial muscle cells were partially lost. 12–24 h after the contraction the arteries exhibited necrosis and desquamation of endothelial cells and platelet adhesion. In the media, smooth muscle cells were completely deprived of cell membranes, myofilaments, nuclei, intracytoplasmic organelles other than mitochondria, and vacuolar membranes. The cytoplasm was filled with fine granular and granulo-vesicular material, and fibrin insudation was observed in these severely damaged cells. Arterial contraction may be an important factor in the induction of arterial lesions.     

Detection of radiolabelled bone marrow cells bearing surface ace immunoglobulins by combined autoradiography and immunoperoxidase

A method is described for the simultaneous detection of radiolabelled bone marrow cells bearing surface immunoglobulins by combined autoradiography and immunoperoxidase. Bone marrow cells from normal CBA mice prelabelled in vivo with ¹²⁵IUDR or exposed in vitro to [³H]thymidine were incubated with rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulins under capping conditions, washed, cytocentrifuged and treated with methanol and hydrogen peroxide to destroy endogenous peroxidase. Cells were then covered with peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulins, washed, treated with diaminobenzidine a and hydrogen peroxide and finally covered with autoradiographic stripping film and exposed for different times. Peroxidase-positive cells were typically capped and those radiolabelled had autoradiographic silver grains overlying the nucleus.     

Lobular carcinoma with cytoplasmic granules

We report on a case of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast with a previously undescribed cytologic feature. Diff-Quik-stained cytologic preparations showed uniform single cells with prominent coarse cytoplasmic granules. Ultrastructurally, the granules showed features suggestive of autophagosomes and/or degenerative mitochondria. The cytologic differential diagnosis included granulocytic sarcoma, metastatic melanoma, extramedullary hematopoiesis, large granulocytic leukemia/lymphoma, and mast-cell tumor. Adjunctive studies were helpful in the diagnosis of carcinoma. Histologic study of the mastectomy specimen showed classic type of invasive lobular carcinoma.     

The thymus is a site of mast cell development in chicken embryos

Thymic mast cells were studied by light and transmission electron microscopy in chicken embryos during organogenesis. Mast cells made their first appearance at day 15. At days 16 and 17, there was a burst of mast cell development with a peak of 278 ± 54 cells/mm² at day 16. Then, mast cell density decreased until hatching. During the whole embryonic period, about 80% of mast cells localized to the thymic medulla. In the cortex, they were less numerous, and some rare mast cells could be identified in the capsule and septa. Thymic mast cells could be recognized in association with hematopoietic foci, but frequently they grew independently from areas of hematopoiesis and appeared as single cells interspersed among thymocytes, thymic epithelial cells, and interdigitating cells. They were often recognized in close relationship with the scanty and delicate extracellular matrix of the developing gland. Viewed by electron microscopy, mast cells were relatively small cells, with a few secretory granules. Exocytosis was never seen, but, notably, granules emptied in a piecemeal degranulation fashion. This study demonstrates that the chicken thymus is a site of mast cell development during embryogenesis. The high mast cell density we found suggests a possible role for these cells during thymus organogenesis.     

Langerhans cells and serum precipitating antibodies against fungal antigens in bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma: possible association with pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma

In an ultrastructural study of 37 cases of bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma (BAC), we identified seven cases (19%) in which Langerhans cells (LC) were closely associated with tumor cells. Serum precipitating antibodies against Aspergillus species and/or thermophilic actinomyces were present in five BAC patients whose tumors contained LC and in six patients whose tumors lacked LC. In a simultaneous study we identified marked atypical bronchiolar and alveolar lining cell hypertrophy and hyperplasma in pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma (PEG). Our data plus current information suggesting that PEG is a form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis support our hypothesis that those cases of BAC in which LC are present may arise in localized or diffuse pulmonary scars caused by PEG.