术前肌注盐酸戊乙奎醚对口腔颌面外科患者心率、血压的影响

目的比较盐酸戊乙奎醚和阿托品用作口腔手术患者术前药的临床效果。方法300例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ择期全麻下行口腔颌面外科手术患者,随机分为两组,盐酸戊乙奎醚组(Ⅰ组)和阿托品组(Ⅱ组),每组150例。两组患者分别于三角肌注射盐酸戊乙奎醚0.01mg/kg和阿托品0.01mg/kg,观察注药后10、20和30min的血压、心率。结果Ⅰ组患者心率、血压无明显变化(P>0.05),Ⅱ组注药20min后心率明显增快(P<0.05),而血压无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论术前肌注盐酸戊乙奎醚不影响血压和心率。     

高效液相色谱法测定峰丁麻滴眼剂中盐酸麻黄碱含量

目的　建立高效液相色谱法测定蜂丁麻滴眼剂中盐酸麻黄碱含量的方法。　方法　采用YWGC18分析色谱柱 ( 4 6mmID× 2 5 0mm ,粒径 10 μm) ,C18保护柱 ( 4 6mmID× 5mm ,粒径 10 μm) ,流动相 10 %乙腈 ( 0 5 %三乙胺 ,磷酸调pH3 0 ) ,流速 1 0ml/min ,检测波长 2 0 8nm ,测定对照品和样品色谱图 ,记录盐酸麻黄碱色谱峰面积 ,计算其含量。　结果　盐酸麻黄碱的理论板数为 10 0 0 0。回归方程 :y =90 5 878 16 15 1738x ,r=0 9999,线性范围 0 4 0 32～ 1 6 13μg。平均回收率为 99 2 % (RSD1 6 % )。　结论　该法操作简便 ,结果准确 ,可用于测定蜂丁麻滴眼剂中盐酸麻黄碱的含量     

Professor Ahmed Shafik (1933–2007)

Most cases of anal abscess are caused by anal fistula and invasion of the surrounding tissues by a mixed colonic flora. Treatment consists of excision of the abscess and, in case of fistula, fistulectomy. Primary anorectal and perianal forms of actinomycosis are very rare and caused by actinomyces, as ubiquitous anaerobics bacterium. We report a case of perianal actinomycosis. The patient had a short history of painless perineal induration without fever and leukocytosis with normal results at routine blood examination. After excision, sulfur granules drained from the cavity and pathological investigations indicated perianal actinomycosis. Appropriate surgery and antibiotic treatment healed the perianal infection. After exclusion of possible diagnoses such as Crohn’s disease, tuberculosis and malignant growths, the rare case of perianal actinomycosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of painless perianal masses.     

原料药粒径对盐酸普萘洛尔渗透泵片释药行为的影响

目的:研究原料药粒径等对盐酸普萘洛尔渗透泵片释药行为的影响。方法:取不同批号盐酸普萘洛尔及同批号重结晶前、后的原料药均按相同处方制备成渗透泵片,考察药物体外释放情况及释药24h后衣膜形态;并对上述不同原料药的粒径分别以光学显微镜和激光粒度分析仪进行证实。结果:以原料药粒径较小的渗透泵片释放完毕后衣膜变形,且不能维持零级释放,原料药粒径较大的渗透泵片结果与之相反。不同原料药经仪器证实粒径确有差异。结论:原料药的粒径可影响制备的渗透泵片的释放行为,提示性状稳定的原料药的合理选择在制剂过程中不可忽视。     

顶空—气相色谱法测定盐酸洛美利嗪中乙腈残留量

目的：建立盐酸洛美利嗪原料药中乙腈残留量的测定方法。方法：采用顶空进样法，80％DMF水溶液为溶剂，平衡温度70℃，平衡时间40min，气相色谱条件：采用不锈钢填充色谱柱：柱长2m，内径3mm，粒径为0.25-0.32mm的二乙烯苯与乙基乙烯苯共聚物有机担体为填料，柱温130℃，FID检测器，检测器温度250℃，氮气为载气，流速50mL.min^-1。结果：乙腈在23．46－234．6μg.mL^-1的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系（r=0.9978)，回收率为96．7％（RSD＝3．8％），检出限小于40μg.g^-1。结论：本方法简单，快捷且灵敏度高，可以用于盐酸洛洛美利嗪中乙腈残留量的控制。     

Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with ulcerative colitis and subcutaneous and splenic abscesses

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare, chronic, inflammatory ulcerative skin disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. It is often associated with systemic disease. We describe a patient with pyoderma gangrenosum associated with ulcerative colitis and aseptic abscesses of the subcutis and spleen, which have been rarely reported previously. These manifestations were cleared by combined therapy with minocycline hydrochloride and diaphenylsulfone.     

导数光谱系数倍率法测定多组分体系感冒清胶囊中盐酸吗啉胍的含量

This paper provides a basic principle and experimental technique of derivative signal multiplier spectrophotometry in multicomponent mixture. A microcomputer was used to process the spectral data measured on a manual spectrophotometer (UV-7520) for the determination of moroxydine hydrochloride in Gan Mao Qing capsules. Quantitative analysis of multicomponent mixture can be done without sample separation. The selection of optimal wavelength pairs is performed through the program with a computer. The method needs no special spectrophotometer and is simple, rapid and easy to operate. The mean recovery was 99.98 +/- 0.53% (n = 12).     

复方盐酸右旋麻黄碱缓释片生物利用度的研究

应用反相ＨＰＬＣ法研究了复方盐酸右旋麻黄碱缓释片在兔体内动力学变化过程，并以自制普通片为对照，实验数据按单室模型采用非线性最小二乘法模型嵌合程序进行迭代处理。结果表明缓释片维持体内有效血药浓度时间长，其相对生物利用度为１２２．４８％，理论值与实测值基本相符（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

Olopatadine hydrochloride suppresses the rebound phenomenon after discontinuation of treatment with a topical steroid in mice with chronic contact hypersensitivity

BACKGROUND: Olopatadine hydrochloride (olopatadine; Allelock) is one of the second-generation antihistamines that are treated for allergic disorders such as rhinitis, urticaria and eczema dermatitis. Olopatadine has recently been shown to have inhibitory effects on the chronic contact hypersensitivity induced by repeated application of oxazolone in mice. Although topical steroids have widely been prescribed for atopic dermatitis, a relapse often occurs within several days after discontinuation of their prolonged use. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the possible efficacy of olopatadine against the relapse after discontinuation of prolonged use of topical prednisolone in the Balb/c mice with oxazolone-induced chronic contact hypersensitivity. METHODS: Mice with the chronic contact hypersensitivity induced by repeated application of oxazolone were treated with olopatadine as a sequential therapeutic agent. The effects of olopatadine were quantified by measurements of ear-swelling, and levels of cytokines and histamine in the lesioned ear. Results Topical prednisolone (0.05 mg/ear/day) significantly inhibited the increases in ear swelling and production of IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-18, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and histamine. However, after discontinuation of the treatment with topical prednisolone, the inflammation relapsed and the IL-4 level exceeded the control one. The sequential treatment with olopatadine (10 mg/kg/day) after discontinuation of the treatment with topical prednisolone alone, or topical prednisolone with olopatadine, significantly inhibited the increases in ear swelling and levels of IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-18, GM-CSF, nerve growth factor and histamine. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that olopatadine is an antihistamine agent having inhibitory activities against the rebound phenomenon following the discontinuation of topical steroid therapy. Olopatadine is thus expected to be a sequential therapeutic agent after discontinuation of the chronic treatment with a topical steroid.     

宣肺清热颗粒剂稳定性研究

目的:研究宣肺清热颗粒剂中橙皮甙热稳定性变化,为该颗粒剂有效期的确定、制剂生产、贮存条什提供实验参考依据。方法:采用加速实验法对橙皮甙热稳定性进行研究,用甲醇超声提取样品,HPLC进行含量测定。根据Arrhenius公式处理数据。结果:Arrhenius公式得室温下的速度常数K298=3.38×10-5/h,得出常温下该颗粒剂以橙皮甙为指标的有效期为3.6年。结论:宣肺清热颗粒剂稳定性好,初步符合中药稳定性要求。