原发性小肠恶性肿瘤的CT诊断

本文回顾性分析３４例经病理证实的原发性小肠恶性肿瘤的ＣＴ表现。病变包括腺癌１６例，平滑肌肉瘤１２例，淋巴瘤６例。ＣＴ扫描能明确肿瘤向腔内和腔外侵犯的程度，清晰显示肿瘤与邻近结构的关系，有无局部及远处转移等，为临床治疗提供帮助。鉴别诊断应包括小肠良性肿瘤、炎性病变和转移性肿瘤等。     

白内障超声乳化吸出及囊袋内人工晶体植入术

为观察和评价超声乳化白内障吸出术的临床效果、特点、并发病及防治措施，对４１　眼白内障施行超声乳化吸出术及小切口（６ｍｍ）囊袋内人工晶体植入术，并以同期的白内障患者４１眼行现代囊外摘除及后房型人工晶体植入做对照。结果：术后６个月，视力≥１．０者占４３．９％＞０．８者占７０．７≥０．５者占９２．７％，均明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１），术后平均散光为１．０４±０．８１，１，低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。白内障超声乳化吸出并囊袋内人工晶体植入术的复明效果优于囊外摘除并后房型人工晶体植入术。     

小横切口手术治疗小儿腹股斜疝

目的：探讨小儿腹股沟斜疝手术方法。方法：经外环小横切口行疝囊高位结扎加修补术。结果：全组126例，平均手术时间12min，无一例出现并发症。结论：此方法有切口小、时间短、创伤轻、恢复快、费用低、疤痕不明显等优点，值得推广。     

Ascorbic acid prevents ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat small intestine

Ischemia-reperfusion injury by free radicals and lipid peroxides is observed in various organs. Ascorbic acid (AsA) or glutathione (GSH) in various doses (AsA:2, 0.5, 0.1 mmol/kg, GSH:2 mmol/kg) was intraperitoneally administered to male Wistar rats. The entire small intestines were resected just before ischemia, after ischemia, and after 20 min of reperfusion (n = 7–10 at each time point). At each time point, the specimens were subjected to assays of lipid peroxides, GSH, and glutaminase activity of the tissues; they were also examined histologically. In the AsA group, the production of lipid peroxides after reperfusion was significantly suppressed in a dose-dependent manner, and the ratio of oxidized GSH to total GSH was also significantly low. Tissue glutaminase activity decreased to a lesser extent, and the degree of injury was apparently less marked in the AsA group. This study indicates that AsA acts as an antioxidant against peroxidative tissue injury, possibly by scavenging radicals, preserving reduced GSH, and reducing the peroxidative reaction. Received: 21 June 1996 Received after revision: 8 October 1996 Accepted: 12 November 1996     

小血管套叠粘接吻合法在血液透析者中建立动静脉内瘘的应用

慢性肾病患者常需要建立动静脉内瘘进行透析，常规间断缝合法吻合动静脉难度大、耗时长。为了缩短吻合时间，提高远期通畅率，进行了套叠粘接吻合法建立动静脉内瘘的实验研究，并将这一方法应用于透析患者建立动静脉内瘘的血管吻合。将动脉端套入静脉端，只需吻合两针，用医用胶封闭吻合口。经８个月观察，通畅率达１００％，血流量均超过３００ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ。达到了透析需要。     

小切口超声乳化白内障人工晶体植入术临床探讨

目的，评价小切口超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶体植入术的疗效。方法：对２１例老年性，并发性，先天性，外伤性白人障行小切口超声乳化摘除人工晶体植入术。结果：术后１周裸眼视力≥０．５者占７３．９１％，术后３个月裸眼视力≥０．５者占８２．６１％，矫正视力≥０．６者占９１．３０％，术后１周平均散光为１．７５±１．００Ｄ，术后３个月为１．２５±０．７５Ｄ，分别小于１０－１２ｍｍ大切口对照组，差异有显著性。     

The effect of cigarette smoke on the bovine lens

Smoking has recently been identified from epidemiological studies as a possible cause of cataract but the mechanism involved is not known. Therefore, our laboratory has initiated studies aimed at elucidating these mechanisms. Whole bovine lenses were cultured to examine possible effects of cigarette smoke on amino acid uptake and protein synthesis. Cigarette smoke, filtered to remove nicotine and tar which would not reach the eye in vivo, was bubbled through culture medium. Bovine lenses were incubated in this medium in the presence of [¹⁴C]-leucine for four days. A significant decrease in uptake of [¹⁴C]-leucine and a decrease in protein synthesis were found with smoke treated lenses. This is the first demonstration of an effect of cigarette smoke on the lens. Further work is needed to determine how this metabolic upset is mediated and how it could lead to cataract.     

地高辛标记核酸探针技术在家兔视网膜C－sis原癌基因检测中的应用

用ＡＧＰＣ法抽提幼年家兔视网膜总ＲＮＡ，并应用了地高辛标记核酸探针的方法。经斑点杂交显示幼年家兔视网膜出现Ｃ—ｓｉｓ原癌基因表达。对实验方法以及Ｃ－ｓｉｓ原癌基因表达的意义进行了探讨。认为此方法快速、灵敏，检测Ｃ－ｓｉｓ原癌基因表达对深入研究视网膜生长发育及肿瘤等病变有一定意义。     

钕钇铝石榴石激光治疗后囊混浊（353例）

采用钕钆铝石榴石激光切除白内障囊外摘除术后１０１例后房人工晶体植入后２５２例的后囊混浊共３５３例，激光治疗疗后视力均明显提高，矫正视力＞１．０者占８２．４％，无１例＜０．５。无明显并发症。     

Modified Scleral Flap Incision to Reduce Corneal Astigmatism after Intraocular Lens Implantation

To investigate a simple method during extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in order to reduce surgically induced corneal astigmatism.Methods: A modified scleral flap incision was used in the extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation and the postoperative changes in conreal astigmatism was observed.Results: The peak value of postoperative corneal astigmatism was 3. 60 D, and the corneal astigmatism regression was 2. 11 D, surgically induced astigmatism was less significant in modified scleral flap incision group than that in conventional limbal incison group (P<0. 05).Conclusions: The modified scleral flap incision is an ideal incision for cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation when phacoemulsifier is not available. Eye Science 1995; 11-. 136-139.