Differences in the hypothermic response to ethanol in rats selectively bred for oral ethanol preference and nonpreference

The duration of retention of tolerance to ethanol was tested in the alcohol-preferring (P) and alcohol-nonpreferring (NP) rats lines, using ethanol-induced hypothermia as a measure of tolerance. Rats received two injections of ethanol (3.5 g/kg) body wt, IP) and the time between the injections was 1, 2, or 3 days. When one day separated the two injections, tolerance to the hypothermic effect of a second “test” injection was found in both lines. When 2 or 3 days separated the two injections, the P line showed a loss of tolerance and the NP line showed sensitization to ethanol. Sensitization in the NP line grew stronger when the interval between injections was increased from 2 to 3 days. The duration of retention of tolerance to ethanol-induced hypothermia in the P line was shorter than has previously been reported for motor impairment in this line. It appears that the duration of tolerance retention in the P line depends on the test used to measure tolerance. Sensitization to ethanol in the NP line may be associated with low oral ethanol intake. This research was supported, in part, by grants AA08312, AA03243, and AA07611 from the PHS     

58例脊髓损伤合并轻中度肾积水的临床分析

目的探讨脊髓损伤（SCI）肾积水的临床表现特点、发病机理和最佳治疗途径。方法对58例轻、中度脊髓损伤肾积水患者进行回顾性分析，观察肾积水缓解所需的治疗时间和复发情况。结果留置尿管、间歇导尿加药物、综合疗法3种治疗方法所需的治疗时间无差异；其中有效56例（96．55％）；3个月内复发28例（48．28％）；逼尿肌反射亢进合并括约肌痉挛（DSD）的复发率（57．14％）高于逼尿肌反射亢进者（28．57％）和低下者（14．29％）；肾积水复发与患者不能坚持治疗有关。结论SCI肾积水的病程隐匿且易复发；长期坚持间歇导尿和药物治疗能有效预防肾积水的复发。     

Users' subjective evaluation of electronic vision enhancement systems

The aims of this study were (1) to elicit the users' responses to four electronic head-mounted devices (Jordy, Flipperport, Maxport and NuVision) and (2) to correlate users' opinion with performance. Ten patients with early onset macular disease (EOMD) and 10 with age-related macular disease (AMD) used these electronic vision enhancement systems (EVESs) for a variety of visual tasks. A questionnaire designed in-house and a modified VF-14 were used to evaluate the responses. Following initial experience of the devices in the laboratory, every patient took home two of the four devices for 1 week each. Responses were re-evaluated after this period of home loan. No single EVES stood out as the strong preference for all aspects evaluated. In the laboratory-based appraisal, Flipperport typically received the best overall ratings and highest score for image quality and ability to magnify, but after home loan there was no significant difference between devices. Comfort of device, although important, was not predictive of rating once magnification had been taken into account. For actual performance, a threshold effect was seen whereby ratings increased as reading speed improved up to 60 words per minute. Newly diagnosed patients responded most positively to EVESs, but otherwise users' opinion could not be predicted by age, gender, diagnosis or previous CCTV experience. User feedback is essential in our quest to understand the benefits and shortcoming of EVESs. Such information should help guide both prescribing and future development of low vision devices.     

短期用药对幽门螺杆菌检测结果的影响

目的：研究短期不规则用药对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)检测结果的影响。方法：136名慢性胃炎及消化性溃疡的住院患，根据病史分为服药组即Hp检查前一周内接受过铅剂、抑酸剂治疗的患，共四例。对照组即Hp检查前未接受过药物治疗的患考，共37例。Hp检查方法包括①血清学方法；②快速尿素酶试验(RUT)；③组织学方法；④13c—尿素呼气试验(13C—UBT)。结果：服药组RUT，组织学，13C—UBT方法Hp检出率分别为9．0％，21．2％，27．3％，均显低于对照组相应Hp检出率37．8％、40．5％、48．6％(P＜0．01，P＜0．05，P＜0．05)。两组血清学方法Hp IgG、IgM阳性率各为48．5％，51．5％和54．1％，54．1％(P＞0．05)。单独服用质子泵抑制剂组RUT，组织学方法Hp检出率4．0％，16．0％显低于对照组相应方法Hp检出率(P＜0．01，P＜0．05)。单独服用枸橼酸铋钾、H2受体拮抗剂患中各方法Hp检出率与对照组检出率无显性差异(P＞0．05)。单独服用枸橼酸铋钾、H2受体拮抗剂、质子泵抑制剂三组Hp感染率14．3％、15．0％、16．0％均显低于对照组Hp感染率46．0％(P＜0．05)。结论：Hp检查前短期使用铋剂、抑酸剂可导致Hp检出率下降，短期使用质子泵抑制剂可显降低RUT、组织学方法Hp检出率；各方法中快速尿素酶试验检出率最低。血清学方法检测Hp抗体不受药物影响。     

487例(685指)断指再植体会

目的 探讨断指再植手术的经验与技巧.方法 回顾性分析487例(685指)断指再植的临床资料.结果 685指成活622指,成活率达90.8%.411例(578指)获得1～5年随访:指间关节僵直21指,屈肌腱粘连17指,行松解术,另有13指肌腱粘连由于不影响功能未行松解术,4指指腹萎缩、感觉差;其余外观、功能和感觉均较理想,拇指关节自主活动度＞90°,手指关节自主活动度260°～170°,两点辨别觉为＜6 mm.按中华医学会手外科学会断指再植功能评定试用标准评定:优393指,良130指,差55指;优良率为90.5%.结论 具备丰富的手术经验和技巧才能完成复杂、高难度的再植手术,并适当拓宽断指再植的适应证,获得较高的成功率.     

Chronic fatigue syndrome: traditional and community-based approaches to rehabilitation

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a controversial condition defined by 6 months or more of unexplained fatigue, and at least four out of eight cognitive and physical symptoms. Over the past 2 decades, CFS has been the subject of significant debate regarding its definition, cause and recommended treatment. Because a cure for the syndrome has not yet been located, efforts to improve functioning and overall quality of life through rehabilitation represent the most practised form of treatment to date. However, controversy remains as to which approach to rehabilitation is most effective for individuals with CFS. Interventions which take place within real‐world environments and utilise community‐based organizations such as centres for independent living offer a newly explored means of support and rehabilitation. The present paper reviews a variety of approaches to rehabilitation for individuals with CFS, describing their applications with different types of patients, and providing critical commentary on the research methodologies used to evaluate them. Innovative community‐based rehabilitation programmes and their outcomes are described as an alternative with some promise that may compliment more traditional approaches.     

26例糖尿病足内科与康复治疗分析

本文对26例糖尿病足以内科和康复方法治疗，强调控制血糖，使用强而广谱抗生素，加强伤口的处理，采用正负压治疗仪改善局部血液循环，水泥清洁创面等康复手段，取得良好效果。     

REHABILITATION OF LOWER LIMB AMPUTEES AND SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

Aspects of peri-operative management, amputation level and rehabilitation of the lower limb amputee are reported in the context of a review of a rehabilitation service for amputees which includes an integrated prosthetic service. Two hundred admissions were reviewed and some complex cases described. It is concluded that: a very close liaison between the surgeon and the rehabilitation team (ideally with pre-operative consultation) is in the patient's best interests; any person previously walking (or a potential walker) should be considered for a trial of prosthetic walking; an integrated prosthetic service enhances the efficiency of the rehabilitation service; and that modification of the current Artificial Limb Scheme to allow manufacture of first definitive limbs in prosthetic rehabilitation units would further enhance service to patients.     

全喉切除发音重建术后喉咽部颈段食管影像学研究

目的:研究全喉切除发音重建术后患者咽部、食管在发音时的作用机制、影像学表现。方法:采用全喉切除发音重建术后1年以上随访病人,利用频闪动态喉镜、纤维喉镜、食道钡餐透视下观察发音时分流口及食管粘膜振动情况并照像记录。结果:发音时喉刚部及食管粘膜均振动,参与发音,发不同音时食管振动及扩张方式不一,但声源位于我们设计的分流口。结论:本发音方法设计合理,发音流畅,进食时无明显病人不能耐受之呛咳。     

Oral Rehabilitation of a Patient With Amelogenesis Imperfecta

A patient with Type I hypoplastic patterned amelogenesis imperfecta, subtype D, presented for prosthodontic evaluation. This article describes the developmental and pathophysiological background of this disease. A clinical report describing the diagnosis, treatment planning, and dental rehabilitation of the patient is reviewed.