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81.
Evren Isci Halil Ibrahim Canter Abdullah Kecik 《European journal of plastic surgery》2007,30(1):45-46
Rabbits are the experimental animals of choice in many studies including flaps, wounds, and topical trials for new pharmacological
agents. Because the topical drugs and other materials used for dressing are irritating to the animal, they tend to remove
dressings, bandages, drapes, insensate flaps, and also topical drugs by scratching, licking, and biting if they are within
the reach of the animal. In this study, we report an easy to prepare, user-friendly, comfortable, and cheap dressing protector
called a dressing shield to prevent these problems. 相似文献
82.
阿片肽及其受体系统在缺血性脑损伤的病理生理发展过程中具有非常重要的作用。其在缺血性脑损伤中的作用尚存争议,本文综述了阿片肽及其受体系统在缺血性脑损伤中的作用及其可能机制,有助于探索阿片肽在围术期的合理应用,为缺血性脑损伤防治研究提供新方向。 相似文献
83.
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent and costly condition that can affect any age group. Typical symptoms include urinary urgency, frequency, incontinence and nocturia. OAB occurs as a result of abnormal contractions of the bladder detrusor muscle caused by the stimulation of certain muscarinic receptors. Therefore, antimuscarinic agents have long been considered the mainstay of pharmacologic treatment for OAB. Currently, there are five such agents approved for the management of OAB in the United States: oxybutynin, tolterodine, trospium, solifenacin and darifenacin. This article summarizes the efficacy, contraindications, precautions, dosing and common side effects of these agents. All available clinical trials on trospium, solifenacin and darifenacin were reviewed to determine its place in therapy. 相似文献
84.
WEIGUANG ZENG PIERRE-OLIVIER REGAMEY KEITH ROSE YUZHOU WANG ERNST BAYER 《Chemical biology & drug design》1997,49(3):273-279
The use of N, O-bisFmoc-N-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl) amino acid derivatives in the synthesis of peptides with difficult sequences has already been described. With these amino acid derivatives the reversible protecting group 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl (Hmb) for the backbone amide bonds of peptide chains is introduced, and thus the aggregation due to hydrogen-bond interchain association is inhibited. This paper describes the synthesis and use of Fmoc-N-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl)amino acid derivatives as an alternative means of introducing Hmb backbone protection. These new monoFmoc derivatives were obtained in higher yield than the bisFmoc derivatives. Coupling yields to the amino peptide resin were the same as those obtained with bisFmoc derivatives, under the TBTU/HOBt/DIEA conditions. We also compared different syntheses of a difficult peptide with the Fmoc approach [triple coupling, capping, use of chaotropic agents, backbone protection using monoFmoc (Hmb)Ala] and with optimized Boc chemistry. Both the backbone protection and optimized Boc chemistry approaches gave the desired product in excellent yield and purity. © Munksgaard 1997. 相似文献
85.
RACHEL PHILOSOF-OPPENHEIMER ISRAEL PECHT MATI FRIDKIN 《Chemical biology & drug design》1995,45(2):116-121
The facile thiolytic cleavage of the O-2,4-dinitrophenyl (Dnp) tyrosine bond was applied to the solid-phase synthesis of the 22-amino acid residue peptide H-Asp-Ala-Val-Tyr -Thr-Gly-Leu-Asn-Thr-Arg-Asn-Gln-Glu-Thr-Tyr -Glu-Thr-Leu-Lys-His-Glu-Lys-OH, corresponding to positions 62-83 in the chain of the type 1 receptor for Fcε, domains expressed on the rat mucosal-type mast cells (line RBL-2H3). A method for the spectrophotometric determination of insoluble O-Dnp as well as of unprotected phenolic moieties of tyrosine was developed. It is based on monitoring S-Dnp-2-mercaptoethanol, produced upon O-Dnp thiolysis by 2-mercaptoethanol. © Munksgaard 1995. Dedicated to the memory of Dr. Susumu Funakoshi, a dear friend and a leader in peptide chemistry. 相似文献
86.
Summary The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, indomethacin and metamizole, on ureteral peristalsis during acute occlusion similar to the situation in renal colic. In 12 pentobarbital anesthetized sheep, both ureters were cannulated and the frequency of ureteral contractions, urine flow, mean ureteral pressure and blood pressure were recorded during 10-min control and i.v. drug administration periods. Both indomethacin (1–2 mg/kg) and metamizole (60–120 mg/kg) showed a dose dependent reduction in peristaltic frequency without reduction of the mean pressure. In addition, the pressure amplitude of the peristaltic waves was also lowered, particularly with indomethacin. Only indomethacin reduced the urine flow. Arterial blood pressure was elevated by both drugs, particularly after the first dose of indomethacin. It can be concluded that indomethacin and metamizole reduce ureteral peristaltic frequency, probably blocking the impulse transmission at the ureteropelvic junction.For the partial fulfillment of a Master's degree in Pharmacology 相似文献
87.
氟西汀与阿米替林治疗105例抑郁障碍病人的双盲对照试验 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2
目的:评价国产氟西汀的抗抑郁作用及安全性。方法:采用随机、双盲对照、多中心研究,分为国产氟西汀组57例(男性22例,女性35例;年龄40±s13a),口服氟西汀20mg,qd,阿米替林57例(男性27例,女性30例;年龄40±14a),口服阿米替林75mg,bid,疗程6wk。结果:氟西汀治疗抑郁障碍的疗效与阿米替林相当,总有效率分别为85%及92%(P>0.05);氟西汀组的主要副作用有口干、便秘、恶心、心动过速等,但较之阿米替林程度轻且发生率低。结论:氟西汀的抗抑郁作用与阿米替林相当,副作用少,服用方便。 相似文献
88.
The involvement of children in research studies is historically fraught with difficulties. Experiments on children without their consent or knowledge have been carried out in the past and thus the need for stringent ethical control is undoubtedly necessary. However this paper argues that the need to protect children from unethical research has somehow become entwined in the web of secrecy that surrounds the very nature of child abuse. In the name of 'protection' are children in danger of not having their voice heard?
In the foreword to 'Listening to Children' (Alderson, 1995) Roger Singleton writes, 'much research is carried out on and about children, but seldom with children. Children themselves are often strangely silent'. This paper draws on recent literature on the institutional abuse of young people in residential care and the lack of voice that those abused in residential care have traditionally had, suggesting that their silence is not 'strange' but perhaps contrived.
This paper does not repeat the work of Alderson (1995) and make suggestions as to how research with children may best be carried out, but seeks to address the issues in relation to research with children who are in institutions. 相似文献
In the foreword to 'Listening to Children' (Alderson, 1995) Roger Singleton writes, 'much research is carried out on and about children, but seldom with children. Children themselves are often strangely silent'. This paper draws on recent literature on the institutional abuse of young people in residential care and the lack of voice that those abused in residential care have traditionally had, suggesting that their silence is not 'strange' but perhaps contrived.
This paper does not repeat the work of Alderson (1995) and make suggestions as to how research with children may best be carried out, but seeks to address the issues in relation to research with children who are in institutions. 相似文献
89.
辐射是影响黑色素细胞结构和功能的一个重要的环境因素。本文综述了近年来辐射对小鼠黑色素细胞的生物效应研究进展,并对今后的发展予以展望。 相似文献
90.
Dr. Barry Pass John E. Aldrich Patricia L. Scallion 《Calcified tissue international》1990,46(3):166-168
Summary The ESR spectra produced in irradiated dentin have been studied over a range of incident radiation energies from 50 kVp to
25 MVp. The behavior of the dentin ESR signal strength is similar to that of enamel as a function of the energy of the incident
radiation. The magnitude of the dentin ESR signals are, however, up to 10 times smaller than the signals of dental enamel
for a given radiation energy. The possible contributions of radiation interaction coefficients, chemical structure, and crystallite
size to the differences in ESR spectra are discussed. 相似文献