人工血管支架置入术治疗创伤性假性动脉瘤和动静脉瘘的 初步体会(附4例报告)

目的：介绍人工血管支架置入术（PSG）治疗创伤性假性动脉瘤及动静脉瘘的初步体会。方法：本组4例,其中锁骨下动脉、颈内动脉及肾动脉假性动脉瘤各1例、髂外动静脉瘘1例。均采用经皮人工血管支架置入术治疗。结果：3例假性动脉瘤患者分别置入1枚人工血管支架后假性动脉瘤（PA）被完全隔绝。1例动静脉瘘（AVF）置入2枚支架后漏口被完全封堵。血管造影及临床随访8－50个月,3例支架通畅,1例肾动脉闭塞。结论：PSG是治疗创伤性PA及AVF的简单、安全有效方法。     

Successful management of a ruptured hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm with a stent-graft

Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare and potentially life-threatening vascular disorder. Careful consideration and early management of this lesion can be life-saving. The authors report a case of a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm which was successfully controlled by endovascular repair using a covered stent-graft.     

Stent-Graft Treatment for Bleeding Superior Mesenteric Artery Pseudoaneurysm After Pancreaticoduodenectomy

We report two cases of intraperitoneal bleeding from superior mesenteric artery (SMA) pseudoaneurysm after pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic head carcinoma. In both cases, a stent-graft was deployed on the main SMA to exclude pseudoaneurysm and to preserve blood flow to the bowel. Bleeding stopped after the procedure. One patient was able to be discharged but died from carcinoma recurrence 4 months later. The other patient died of sepsis and stent-graft infection 5 months later. These patients remained free of intraperitoneal rebleeding during the follow-up period.     

Interventional Radiology in the Diagnosis,Management, and Follow-Up of Pseudoaneurysms

Arterial wall disruption, as a consequence of inflammation/infection, trauma (penetrating or blunt), or iatrogenic causes, may result in pseudoaneurysm formation. Currently, iatrogenic causes are increasing as a result of the growth of endovascular intervention. The frequency of other causes also seems to be increasing, but this may simply be the result of increased diagnosis by better imaging techniques, such as multidetector contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Clinically, pseudoaneurysms may be silent, may present with local or systemic signs, or can rupture with catastrophic consequences. Open surgical repair, previously the mainstay of treatment, has largely been replaced by image-guided occlusion methods. On the basis of an experience of over 100 pseudoaneurysms, treatments at various anatomical sites, imaging modalities used for accurate diagnosis, current changing therapeutic options for pseudoaneurysm management, approved embolization agents, and clinical follow-up requirements to ensure adequate treatment will be discussed. Image-guided direct percutaneous and endovascular embolization of pseudoaneurysms are established treatment options with favorable success rates and minimal morbidity. The pendulum has now swung from invasive surgical repair of pseudoaneurysms to that of image-guided interventional radiology.     

A case of pseudoaneurysm of the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa in a pediatric patient

Pseudoaneurysm of the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa is a rare and potentially deadly aberrance of the cardiac architecture, with few reported pediatric cases. Complications can include rupture into the pericardium, ongoing infective endocarditis, arrhythmias, valvular dysfunction, thrombus formation, and compression of the coronary arteries. Although there have been cases which have gone solely with surveillance, the majority of these cases will have surgical intervention to reduce the risk of complications. We present a case in a pediatric patient with a history of bicuspid aortic valve, who presented with recurrent fevers after a dental procedure despite treatment with antibiotics. Infective endocarditis was suspected based on clinical exam, and imaging revealed pseudoaneurysm of the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa. The patient was treated with surgical resection and homograft replacement.     

Pseudoaneurysm after an ultrasound-guided breast core needle biopsy in a lactating woman

This is a case report of a lactating woman in her twenties diagnosed with a breast pseudoaneurysm following a 14-gauge ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy detected by a Color Doppler exam, and treated with surgery. Further discussion concerning the patient’s symptoms, useful imaging modalities, and treatment options are included. Knowledge on this complication is crucial for the correct diagnosis and best management and treatment.     

Inferior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm related to intramuscular injection

INTRODUCTIONGluteal artery pseudoaneurysms are rare, yet the most common in cases involving the superior gluteal artery. Pseudoaneurysms of the inferior gluteal artery are uncommon and are often related to blunt or penetrating trauma, infections and fractures of the pelvis.PRESENTATION OF CASEThe authors present a case of pseudoaneurysm of the inferior gluteal artery related to an iatrogenic injury due to intramuscular injection of medication, which was treated with selective embolization of the artery during angiography.DISCUSSIONThe most common manifestation of an inferior gluteal artery pseudoaneurysm is the presence of a painful mass in the buttock that may or may not be associated with neurological symptoms due to compression of the sciatic nerve. Ultrasound with color Doppler and computerized tomography with multi-detectors are useful non-invasive tools for diagnosis. However, both diagnosis and therapy are facilitated by catheter angiography.CONCLUSIONThis case cautions that although pseudoaneurysms are rare, pseudoaneurysms of the inferior gluteal artery require a high index of suspicion and careful physical examination by the physician in order to avoid misdiagnosis. It also illustrates the usefulness of a minimally invasive modality for treatment of these lesions.