分期论治强直性脊柱炎临床观察

目的:观察分期论治强直性脊柱炎的临床疗效。方法:纳入观察病例均来源于石印玉教授及李勃副主任医师门诊,选取2011年2月—2013年6月收治的AS患者90例。按石印玉教授分期论治经验,分为急性期组、缓解期组、发病初期组,各30例。三组患者均给予桂枝芍药知母汤加减治疗。结果:治疗12周后、治疗24周后,三组患者BASDAI评分、BASFI评分均优于治疗前(P0.05);治疗12周后、治疗24周后,三组患者CRP、ESR水平均优于治疗前(P0.05)。结论:分期论治强直性脊柱炎疗效显著。     

老年患者术前心电图检查采集方法的探讨

目的探讨一种老年白内障患者术前心电图图像采集时降低图像基线偏移、防止肌电干扰更有效的方法。方法选取2020年6—10月我院东区眼科门诊,年龄60～85岁之间的老年白内障术前行心电图检查的患者600例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为研究组与对照组,每组各300例,研究组在采集图像时予以图示法干预后采集图像,对照组常规采集图像,之后对两组患者采集的图像,从ST段基线、肌电干扰、全身肌紧张情况、遵医顺从性和心电图复查率等方面进行比较。结果研究组心电图复查率为2.7%(8例),对照组为12.0%(36例),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论研究组图示法干预采集心电图图像优于对照组常规采集图像,可有效提高心电图正确诊断率,减少复查降低检查费用,降低老年患者在诊疗中的风险保证医疗质量。     

Diagnostic dilemmas and potential pitfalls in the evaluation of endometrial adenocarcinoma

Endometrial adenocarcinoma is the most common malignancy of the gynaecologic tract, and therefore one of the most commonly encountered surgical pathology specimens. Accurate diagnosis, grading and staging are necessary to direct therapy for this common disease. Evaluation of these cases is usually straightforward. Some cases, however, may be complicated by a variety of issues such as difficulty assessing depth of invasion; difficulty assessing cervical involvement; possibility of synchronous ovarian primaries; evaluation of lymphovascular space invasion; difficulties with FIGO grade (especially in the company of altered differentiation); and subtle patterns of myoinvasion. The purpose of this review is to emphasize these problematic areas and offer straightforward guidelines to apply when these situations are encountered. Proper recognition of these diagnostic challenges will hopefully improve grading and staging accuracy, and subsequently therapy, for the multitudes of women affected by this disease.     

Fascia-iliaca compartment block vs intra-articular hip injection for preoperative pain management in intracapsular hip fractures: A blind,randomized, controlled trial

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the fascia-iliaca compartment block and the intra-articular hip injection in terms of pain management and the need for additional systemic analgesia in the preoperative phase of intracapsular hip fractures.MethodsPatients >65 years old with an intracapsular hip fracture were randomized in this prospective, blind, controlled, parallel trial in a Level-I trauma center. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either the fascia-iliaca compartment block (cohort FICB) or the intra-articular hip injection (cohort IAHI) upon admission to the emergency department. The primary outcome was pain relief at 20 min, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after the regional anesthesia, both at rest and during internal rotation of the fractured limb. The Numeric Rating Scale was used. Residual pain was managed with the same protocol in all patients. Additional analgesic drug administration during the 48 h from admission was recorded.ResultsA total of 120 patients with comparable baseline characteristics were analyzed in this study: the FICB group consisted of 70 subjects, while the IAHI group consisted of 50 subjects.Pain was significantly lower in the IAHI group during movement of the fractured limb at 20 min (p < 0.05), 12 h (p < 0.05), 24 h (p < 0.05) and 48 h (p < 0.05).In the FICB cohort 72.9% of patients needed to take oxycodone, in contrast to 28.6% of the IAHI cohort (p < 0.05). In the FICB cohort 14.09 ± 11.57 mg of oxycodone was administered, while in the IAHI cohort 4.38 ± 7.63 mg (p < 0.05). No adverse events related to either technique were recorded.ConclusionsIntra-articular hip injection provides better pre-operatory pain management in elder patients with intracapsular hip fractures compared to the fascia-iliaca compartment block. It also reduced the need for supplementary systemic analgesia.Level of EvidenceTherapeutic Level I.     

Treatment strategy for colorectal cancer with resectable synchronous liver metastases:Is any evidence-based strategy possible?

Fifteen percent to twenty-five percent of patients affected by colorectal cancer presents with liver metastases at diagnosis. In resectable cases, surgery is the only potentially curative treatment and achieves survival rates up to 50% at 5 years. Management is complex, as colorectal resection, liver resection, chemotherapy, and, in locally advanced mid/low rectal tumors, radiotherapy have to be integrated. Modern medical practice usually relies on evidence-based protocols. Levels of evidence for synchronous metastases are poor:published studies include few recent prospective series and several retrospective analyses collecting a limited number of patients across long periods of time. Data are difficult to be generalized and are mainly representative of single centre’s experience, biased by local recruitment, indications and surgical technique. In this context, surgeons have to renounce to "evidence-based medicine" and to adopt a sort of "experience-based medicine". Anyway, some suggestions are possible. Simultaneous colorectal and liver resection can be safely performed whenever minor hepatectomies are planned, while a case-by-case evaluation is mandatory in case of more complex procedures. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is preferentially scheduled for patients with advanced metastatic tumors to assess disease biology and to control lesions. It can be safely performed with primarytumor in situ , even planning simultaneous resection at its end. Locally advanced mid/low rectal tumor represents a further indication to neoadjuvant therapies, even if treatment’s schedule is not yet standardized. In summary, several issues have to be solved, but every single HPB centre should define its proper strategy to optimize patient’s selection, disease control and safety and completeness of surgery.