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目的 探讨影像学检查(image examination，IE)对闭合性腹部损伤(closed abdominal injuries，CAI)的诊断价值。方法 1997—2003年间对142例血流动力学稳定的闭合性腹部损伤病人行影像学检查，结合术中所见，分析比较IE的准确性和差异。结果 IE阳性112例病人中，104例经剖腹探查术证实有腹腔脏器损伤，8例假阳性；30例IE阴性病人，真阴性19例，假阴性11例；敏感性为90．4％，特异性为70．4％，准确性为86．7％。结论 IE具有早期诊断价值，IE阳性对判断腹腔内实质性脏器损伤的特异性最高，IE阴性，需行进一步检查排除其他隐匿性损伤；结合临床表现及其他辅助检查综合分析，准确性会更高。     

胃壁内迷走胰腺的X线征象

目的提高对胃壁内迷走胰腺的认识。方法回顾性分析4例手术病理证实的胃壁内迷走胰腺的临床和钡餐检查X线表现。结果4例胃壁内迷走胰腺均发生在胃窦部近幽门区大弯侧,钡餐表现为轮廓较光滑的圆形或卵圆形充盈缺损,直径1～4cm,形态、位置固定,不随胃蠕动或触压而改变;临近黏膜可规整或粗乱,其中,典型的"脐样"征1例。结论主要X线征象为位于胃窦部幽门区大弯侧边缘光滑、位置固定、无溃疡的充盈缺损,难与息肉或平滑肌瘤或间质瘤等鉴别。     

中国内地城市和香港9～18岁学生心肺耐力及肌肉素质的比较研究

为了比较中国内地城市和香港青少年儿童的心肺耐力和肌肉素质，对两地的青少年儿童体质调查数据进行了比较研究。结果发现：内地各年龄组男女生的心肺耐力均优于香港同龄者；香港青少年儿童的肌肉素质除立定跳远外，其他项目的成绩均弱于内地青少年儿童。提示：随着生活水平的提高，应重视青少年儿童对体育活动的参与。     

The validity of a simple clinical classification of acute ischaemic stroke

The aim of the study reported here was to test the validity of a simple clinical classification of acute ischaemic stroke (Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project, OCSP) in predicting the site and size of cerebral infarction on computed tomography (CT). Consecutive patients admitted to hospital with acute ischaemic stroke were prospectively identified and classified into one of four clinical syndromes according to the OCSP classification, blind to the result of CT. The CT brain scans were classified blind to the clinical features into those demonstrating: small, medium or large cortical infarcts; small or large subcortical infarcts in the anterior circulation territory; and posterior cerebral circulation territory infarcts. A total of 108 patients were included. A recent infarct was seen. on the CT scan in 91 patients (84%), and the clinical classification correctly predicted the site and size of the cerebral infarct in 80 of these (88%; 95% confidence interval 77–92%). The positive predictive value was best for large cortical infarcts (0.94) and worst for small subcortical infarcts (0.63). The OCSP clinical classification is a reasonably valid way of predicting the site and size of cerebral infarction on CT and can, therefore, be used very early after stroke onset before the infarct appears on the scan.     

肾综合征出血热病毒气溶胶的物理稳定性实验研究

本文采用荧光素钠正常鼠脑悬液做模拟示踪物质，对肾综合征出血热病毒气溶胶在空气中的物理稳定性进行了测定，并与其生物稳定性做了比较。结果表明：病毒气溶胶的粒子大小在１ｕｍ左右，它随气溶胶的胶龄增长而减少，且其分散度变窄。初始气溶胶的物理回收率及其各胶龄的物理存留率均明显地高于它的生物回收率和生物存活率。本文还就肾综合征出血热病毒气溶胶的物理稳定性和生物稳定性，对本病空气传播的影响进行了讨论。     

学时数较少的药学物理化学教学探索

根据课程学时的限制，结合药学专业课程的要求，对物理化学理论教学内容进行了取舍，强调上好第一课，并对部分内容进行双语授课的尝试，对实验教学也进行了探索。     

Influence of handedness on calcaneal ultrasound: Implications for assessment of osteoporosis and study design

Calcaneal ultrasound has been increasingly studied for its potential in the assessment of osteoporotic fracture risk. The accuracy of such an assessment is, in part, dependent on the reproducibility of the measurement. This study examines the impact of handedness on ultrasound measurements [broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and velocity of sound (VOS)] in the calcaneus. Two hundred and sixty-four subjects (57 men and 297 women) aged 51.1+13.6 years (mean ± SD) were studied. For each subject, calcaneal ultrasound measurements were performed on both heels with a McCue CUBA ultrasound densitometer. Right-handed dominance (94.7%) was determined by structured interview. In men, BUA measurements were significantly higher on the dominant side: mean difference 4.1±1.5 dB/MHz (mean ± SD;p=0.009), equivalent to 4.2+1.5% and more than 4 times the average rate of annual change in BUA. The difference between sides was greater in young (<50 years) than old men (>50 years). Among the women, the difference was not statistically significant (0.7±0.9 dB/MHz;p=0.4); however, it was significant in younger women (20–30 years) (99±4 vs 90±4 dB/MHz,p=0.01). By contrast VOS did not differ between sides in either men or women irrespective of age. Within-subject standard deviation of BUA was 9.8 dB/MHz for men and 8.6 dB/ MHz for women and the component due to right and left difference was 8.4 dB/MHz for men and 6.9 dB/MHz for women. This variability of BUA between right and left heels could increase the false-positive rate by up to 28% for a cut-off of 2 SD below the mean. These data indicate that variation between left and right heel measurements of BUA is higher than that of random error measurements, particularly in men and younger, presumably more physically active subjects. Although VOS measurements were not side dependent, in the smaller number of studies examining VOS and fracture risk, VOS appears to have a weaker predictive power than BUA. Clinical and epidemiological studies involving calcaneal BUA measurements should standardize the side measured to either the dominant or non-dominant heel, to reduce within-subject variation and increase their power.     

应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察晶体上皮细胞中的游离钙

目的用钙的荧光指示剂ｆｌｕｏ－３和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜（ｌａｓｅｒｓｃａｎｎｉｎｇｃｏｎｆｏｃａｌｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｙ，ＬＳＣＭ）观察大白鼠的晶体上皮细胞（ｌｅｎｓｅｐｉｔｈｅｌｉａｌｃｅｌ，ＬＥＣ）中的游离钙。方法ｆｌｕｏ－３着染细胞后，应用ＬＳＣＭ观察细胞内ｆｌｕｏ－３与钙螯合后的荧光分布，最后用钙离子载体Ａ２３１８７和重金属离子Ｍｎ＋＋作校正，将ｆｌｕｏ－３与钙结合显示的荧光强度转换为［Ｃａ＋＋］ｉ值。结果ＬＥＣ中的游离钙主要分布在细胞核中。大白鼠晶体上皮细胞中的［Ｃａ＋＋］ｉ为２５９．７９±４９．２４ｎｍｏｌ／Ｌ。结论ｆｌｕｏ－３与ＬＥＣ孵育后能着染细胞。用ＬＳＣＭ能直观地观察细胞内钙的分布，并能通过校正得到细胞内游离钙的绝对值。这种成熟的方法，为进一步对ＬＥＣ中游离Ｃａ＋＋的研究提供技术准备     

The disability rating index: An instrument for the assessment of disability in clinical settings

The purpose of this study was to evaluate an instrument for assessment of physical disability, mainly intended for clinical settings, the Disability Rating Index (DRI). Healthy persons (n = 1092), both white and blue collar workers, and patients (n = 366) with different levels of physical capacity, were assessed. Most of the patients (n = 303) underwent rehabilitation programmes for neck/shoulder/low-back pain but some (n = 47) were arthritis patients waiting for hip or knee replacement surgery, or wheelchair patients with multiple sclerosis (n = 16). The reliability was investigated by test-retest studies, intra- and inter-rater and internal consistency studies. Five construct validity tests were carried out: a discrimination study; a converging validity test; a test for sensitivity to small alterations in health status; and two correlational validity tests. Correlation of the self-reported DRI to the actual performance in similar activities was carried out. Responsiveness was tested by correlation of the DRI before/after replacement surgery for arthritis. The test-retest correlations were 0.83–0.95 in the studies, including correlation of different versions. The intra- and inter-rater reproducibility was 0.98 and 0.99 respectively. The Kruskal-Wallis test in the discrimination study yielded p < 0.0001. More than 90% of the respondents completed the questionnaire correctly. Correlation of the DRI to the Functional Status Questionnaire was 0.46. The responsiveness was excellent, p = 0.0001. The DRI proved to be a robust, practical clinical and research instrument with good responsiveness and acceptability for assessment of disability caused by impairment of common motor functions.