Challenges of laparoscopic resection of abdominal neuroblastoma with lymphadenectomy

BACKGROUND: The laparoscopic procedure involving total resection of abdominal neuroblastoma combined with lymphadenectomy has not been reviewed in English literature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance and accuracy of laparoscopic resection of abdominal neuroblastoma. METHODS: Since July 1997, five patients with abdominal neuroblastoma underwent laparoscopic resection combined with lymphadenectomy or sampling of the lymph nodes. The length of operation, intraoperative blood loss, resectability, and complications were retrospectively reviewed and evaluated. RESULTS: Four cases were managed laparoscopically, but one case was converted to open procedure because of poor visualization around large vessels. The mean operation time was 135 min and the intraoperative blood loss 52 ml. CONCLUSIONS: Good visualization of the primary tumor and large vessels is, arguably, the most important factor for successful completion of this procedure laparoscopically. Precise indicators for laparoscopic resection of abdominal neuroblastoma provide a better prognosis and a good quality of life for children with neuroblastoma.     

Pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy in patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium.

BACKGROUND: The purpose is to determine the rate of lymph node metastases in women with endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (EAE) undergoing systematic lymphadenectomy. METHODS: Patients (349) underwent a complete pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy from caudal to the median circumflex to the level of the renal vessels. RESULTS: Grade 1 tumors accounted for 32.7% of the tumors and 31.0% of the positive nodes, grade 2 accounted for 47.3% of the tumors (37.9% of positive nodes), and grade 3 accounted for 20.1% of the tumors and 31.0% of the positive nodes (P>0.05). Positive nodes were found in 15.8% of grade 1 tumors, 13.3% of grade 2 tumors and 25.7% of grade 3 tumors (P>0.05). Isolated para-aortic involvement without pelvic nodal involvement occurred in 29% of patients with positive nodes. CONCLUSIONS: When complete lymphadenectomies are performed in EAE, positive lymph nodes (including isolated para-aortic lymph nodes) are common in all grades.     

卵巢癌二探术中广泛切除腹膜后淋巴结的疗效

回顾性分析卵巢癌二探术中施行腹膜后淋巴结广泛切除的疗效。方法在二探术过程中均行系统的腹膜后淋巴结切除术,包括左肾静脉下缘水平的腹主动脉旁淋巴结和盆腔各组淋巴结,回顾性分析行二探术阳性发现结果一患者的预后。结论在二探术中行淋巴结切除术扩大了探量范围,可减低卵巢癌患者阴性二探术后的复发率。     

Lymphadenectomy in Gleason 7 prostate cancer: Adherence to guidelines and effect on clinical outcomes

Background

To examine usage trends, guideline adherence, and survival data for patients undergoing lymphadenectomy (LND) at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP) for Gleason 7 prostate cancer (PCa).

Evaluación del tratamiento del carcinoma epidermoide cutáneo de cabeza y cuello en la edad avanzada. Análisis de la supervivencia

Introduction

It is unknown whether cervical lymphadenectomy as a treatment for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (cSCCh&n) increases survival in elderly patients. The aim of this study is to determine whether this procedure has an influence on the survival of these patients, and whether the Short-Form Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI-SF) can be used as an alternative to age in the surgeon's estimation of elderly patient mortality.

Surgical evaluation of lymph nodes in esophageal adenocarcinoma: Standardized approach or personalized medicine?

The extent of lymphadenectomy for esophageal adenocarcinoma remains controversial. Outstanding issues include the appropriate technical approach such as transthoracic versus transhiatal, or open versus minimally invasive, both of which have implications on overall lymph node harvest numbers and morbidity. Recent data on the relationship of total number of lymph nodes harvested and oncologic survival have been conflicting, due in part to a likely differential impact of lymphadenectomy on survival based on tumor stage and response to neoadjuvant therapy. While standardizing the extent of lymphadenectomy may be desirable, a more useful approach might be to tailor lymphadenectomy considering the multidimensional impact of surgical technique and multimodal treatment strategy.     

腹腔镜与开腹宫颈癌根治术的临床对比分析

目的探讨腹腔镜与传统开腹宫颈癌根治术的治疗效果。方法回顾分析30例Ⅰa～Ⅱb期行腹腔镜下宫颈癌根治术患者与同期33例开腹手术患者的临床资料。结果腹腔镜组与开腹组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、下床活动时间、住院天数、术后伤口感染发生率等差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）,而清扫淋巴结数目差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论腹腔镜下宫颈癌根治术是安全可行的,且具有手术切口小、创伤小、术后恢复快等优点。     

The role of lymph node density in bladder cancer prognostication

Pelvic lymph node metastases from bladder cancer occur in about 25% of patients undergoing radical cystectomy. While the majority of patients with lymph node metastases will develop progressive disease, some patients do exhibit long-term survival with and without adjuvant chemotherapy. The concept of lymph node density has been proposed as a means to stratify patient prognosis since it takes into account two important factors—the number of positive nodes (tumor burden) and the total number of nodes removed/examined (extent of dissection). Due to the lack of agreement on the extent of lymphadenectomy, lymph node density facilitates standardization of lymph node staging, thus allowing for adjuvant therapies and clinical trials to be more uniformly applied. Whether lymph node density provides improved prognostication over the standard nodal staging or absolute number of positive lymph nodes remains controversial. We review the literature regarding the role of lymph node density in the prognostic stratification of node-positive bladder cancer.     

肺癌手术中淋巴结清扫的现状与进展

淋巴结转移是肺癌主要而常见的转移途径,也是术后癌残留而导致复发和转移的主要因素,肺癌手术中纵隔、肺门淋巴结清扫至关重要。但目前淋巴结的清扫方式尚不统一,有系统淋巴结清扫术（CMLND）、根治性淋巴结清扫术、淋巴结采样、系统淋巴结采样以及前哨淋巴结技术导航切除,并且随着微创外科的发展,胸腔镜下淋巴结清扫也日趋成熟。而寻求一个更规范、更完善的淋巴结清扫方式甚有必要。现就目前肺癌手术中纵隔、肺门淋巴结清扫的临床意义、清扫方式、清扫范围以及胸腔镜下淋巴结清扫的现状以及展望进行综述。