Primary lymphoma of bone: a clinicopathologic study of 25 cases reported over 10 years

Twenty-five cases of primary lymphoma of bone (PLB) reported over a 10-year period were reviewed. The presenting symptom was related to involvement of a single bone with or without regional nodal disease. None showed dissemination of lymphoma in the subsequent six months. Patients affected were 7-65 years of age. An equal predilection for the axial and appendicular skeleton was noted. Histologically, the commonest subtype was diffuse histiocytic lymphoma (DHL, 17 cases), whereas four were poorly differentiated lymphocytic (PDL) type and another four were unclassifiable. Follow-up was available in 18 out of 25 patients for periods ranging from 7 months to 8 years. On clinicopathologic correlation we found that 75% of disease-free patients had a DHL whereas 60% of those alive with disease had a PDL. This study reiterates the view that PLB has a good prognosis and the DHL subtype is especially amenable to complete eradication.     

Neurofibromatosis 2: a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease? Report on 10 sporadic cases

Clinical and genetic data of 10 patients with neurofibromatosis 2 (NF-2) are presented. Interestingly, no family history of neurofibromatosis was detectable in any of them, which indicates that these are sporadic cases of NF-2, most likely due to a new mutational event. According to our own results and the data in the literature, sporadic cases of NF-2 are clinically characterized by a high incidence of multiple meningiomas and spinal tumors in addition to the bilateral occurrence of acoustic neurinomas. The clinical heterogeneity of NF-2 is pointed out and the possible existence of different forms of this disease is discussed.     

Metastatic testicular cancer and extragonadal germ cell tumor presenting with neurological symptoms

Summary We present two patients with testicular cancer and extragonadal germ cell tumor respectively in whom neurological symptoms due to metastases preceded the correct diagnosis. Testicular cancer and extragonadal germ cell tumor are today curable malignancies even when distant metastases are present at diagnosis. The diagnosis of germ cell tumor should be considered whenever a young man presents with metastases of uncertain origin, and all histological specimens should be revised with the diagnosis of germ cell tumor in mind.     

Papillary transitional-cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: a cytological review

Urinary cytology is a well-accepted diagnostic procedure for bladder carcinomas but it is utilized less frequently for diagnosis of upper urinary tract tumors. Accurate diagnosis depends on a suitable specimen as well as knowledge of diagnostic traps. This review article with several case studies emphasizes the various techniques used to obtain optimal samples, correct interpretative criteria, and diagnostic pitfalls. Technological advances for objective grading and predicting the biological behavior of tumors are also discussed.     

143例儿童及青少年鼻咽恶性肿瘤放射治疗与预后

本文分析了儿童,青少年鼻咽恶性肿瘤143例的临床表现、疗效及远期并发症。5、10年存活率分别为52.4％和40.0％。疗效与年龄、性别、病期、原发灶侵犯范围、原发灶和颈部转移灶控制情况有密切关系。探讨了本组鼻咽肿瘤放疗效果较好及放疗后远期并发症放射性脑病和垂体机能低下的机制。认为儿童少年鼻咽肿瘤放疗剂量应低于成人组,设野应尽可能避开垂体,力求避免此种并发症。     

Primary Malignant Cardiac Tumors in Children

A child with a primary malignant cardiac tumor prompted a review of all 13 cases reported in Great Britain from 1962-1983. Only 4 definitely malignant tumors were identified, giving an incidence of between 1 in 38 and 1 in 90 X 10⁶. All 4 patients died without evidence of metastases. Cardiac transplantation should be considered.     

Cerebromeningeal pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma. Report on four cases: Clinical,radiologic and pathological features. (Including a case with malignant evolution)

Three cases of cerebromeningeal pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma are presented and the recurrence of a fourth case, previously described in 1980, is examined because of its evolution towards malignancy.Clinical, radiologic and pathological aspects are discussed and the general features of the previously reported cases of xanthoastrocytoma are reviewed.     

Malignant lentigo-melanoma—A comparative histological and electron microscopy study

We examined, by light and electron microscopy, three cases of malignant lentigo, one of which was in the vertical growth phase. The purpose of our work was to compare the diverse patterns between superficial spreading melanoma and malignant lentigo. The observations suggest the following major findings: 1) the cells of malignant lentigo differ from normal melanocytes, and in the same specimen they differ from one another; 2) in malignant lentigo, melanosomes at stage II-IV are visible; and 3) in spreading melanoma, the melanosomes do not attain complete maturation. These morphological features explain the different behaviour of these two types of tumors.     

Quantification of dispersion of Gd-DTPA from the initial area of enhancement into the peritumoral zone of edema in brain tumors

To evaluate Gd-DTPA contrast enhancement of brain tumors over time and to describe the dispersion of contrast into the zone of peritumoral edema. We performed MR imaging with a dose of 0.4 mmol Gd-DTPA/kg on eleven patients diagnosed with 5 different supratentorial tumors. MR imaging was done at five intervals between 5 min and 6 h. The change in zone of enhancement was measured for each time point, and a linear measurement was made of the furthest dispersion of contrast from the original volume of enhancement. An increase in the zone of enhancement over time was seen for all tumors; the average increase in volume of contrast was 14.76 ± 3.35 cm³ (mean ± standard deviation). The largest changes in the zone of contrast enhancement, 18.6 ± 4.63 cm³, were seen in glioblastoma multiforme. The expansion of contrast enhancement assumed the morphology of the surrounding edema. The dispersion of Gd-DTPA over time into the zone of peritumoral edema is a potential source of error in clinical settings when there is a delay between Gd-DTPA injection and scanning.