Association of monocytic leukemia in patients with extreme leukocytosis

Fifteen of 73 newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), admitted to Mount Sinai Hospital between July 1977 and October 1979, presented with leukocyte counts greater than 100,000/μl. Eleven of these 15 patients with hyperleukocytosis had myelomonocytic (AMML-M4) or monocytic (AMOL-M5) leukemia compared to 14 of 58 patients with lower white cell counts (p < 0.001). Identification of type of leukemia, using the FAB classification, was based on morphology and special stains, including myeloperoxidase, Sudan black B, periodic acid-Schiff and nonspecific esterase with and without inhibition by fluoride. The proportion of patients with splenomegaly is higher in those with hyperleukocytosis (73 percent) than in those with lower white blood cell counts (p < 0.001) regardless of cell type. Leukemic infiltration of the skin, gums and central nervous system was seen exclusively in patients with AMML and AMOL. The serum lysozyme levels were significantly higher for all patients with AMML and AMOL regardless of the white blood cell count. The mean serum lysozyme for M-4, M-5 patients was 59.7 μg/ml compared to 18.9 μg/ml in patients with other cell types (p < 0.0001). Patients with a white blood cell count ≤100,000/μl had a complete remission rate of 69 percent compared to 47 percent for patients with higher white blood cell counts.     

野战（应急）快速检验系统血细胞分析模块性能的综合评价

目的：对野战（应急）快速检验系统血细胞分析模块性能进行评价。方法：对该模块在室内环境与模拟野战环境下进行精密度评价,并对两种环境下的评价结果进行对比;利用该模块和Sysmex XE-2100血细胞分析仪对200例标本进行平行检测,分析其可比性。结果：该模块测定红细胞比容（HCT）、血红蛋白（Hb）、白细胞（WBC）和血小板（PLT）的变异系数（CV）值在室内环境中分别为0.24%、0.23%、1.40%、2.94%,在模拟野战环境下分别为1.29%、1.53%、2.25%、1.95%;两种环境结果比较其差异无统计学意义（t=0.380,t=0.206,t=1.935,t=1.329;P＞0.05）。两台仪器HCT,Hb,WBC,PLT的相关性系数分别为0.981、0.986、0.962、0.977。结论：在室内和模拟野战环境下,野战（应急）快速检验系统血细胞分析模块精密度良好,结果对比无显著差异;该模块与常规血细胞分析仪检测结果无显著性差异,且一致性良好。     

云南省100例异常血红蛋白E患者的血液学和基因型分析

目的分析云南省异常血红蛋白E(hemoglobin E,Hb E)杂合子及Hb E合并地中海贫血(简称地贫)病例的血液学表型和基因型特征。方法对100例高效液相色谱分析提示为Hb E异常血红蛋白携带病例进行血细胞分析,并用Gap-PCR和PCR-寡核苷酸探针反向斑点杂交法检测α-和β-珠蛋白基因常见突变类型。结果100例疑似Hb E携带的病例,经基因诊断全部检出β-珠蛋白链CD26突变(HBB:c.79G>A),其中Hb E杂合子90例,Hb E合并αα/-α3.7突变7例,Hb E合并αα/--SEA突变2例,1例为Hb E合并-α3.7/-α3.7。Hb E杂合子血液学表型分析结果:Hb A2(26.02±3.64)%,Hb F(1.35±1.25)%,平均红细胞体积(78.83±4.68)fl,平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(26±1.54)pg,平均血红蛋白浓度(329.65±10.73)g/L,血红蛋白(141.08±16.53)g/L;Hb E复合α地贫时,α地贫基因的突变类型不同,血液学表型结果不同。结论云南省Hb E及Hb E合并α地贫的发生率较高,高效液相色谱能够有效检出Hb E,Hb E合并其它α地贫基因突变时,有较大差异的表型变化;仅依靠血液学结果进行产前筛查会造成Hb E漏诊。     

Dielectric measurement of cerebral water content using a Network Analyzer

Abstract

At present, no practical method exists for monitoring the progression and severity of cerebral oedema in a clinical setting on a continuous basis. In search for such a method[ we investigated the electrical characteristics of cerebral tissue at microwave frequencies to quantify cerebral oedema. The dielectric constants of normal and oedematous canine cerebral white matter were measured using a Network Analyzer and then compared to the tissue's water content In additioni, salt infiltration and time elapsed after excision of the tissue were examined to determine their effects on the measurements.

The water content and dielectric constant of the white matter were linearly related (correlation coefficient; r = 0.903), comparable to results obtained with a Time Domain Reflectometer in previous research. The Network Analyzer, however; is a more robust measurement device and, because of this, can potentially be used for long term measurements. Further, it was found that neither an increased tissue salt content nor the amount of time after excision of the tissue significantly affected the results. This indicates that the dielectric constant of cerebral white matter is mainly a function of the tissue's water content     

FAME24/20中两步法ELISA试剂工作表的优化设计

[目的]为了缩短FAME24／20全自动酶联免疫分析仪的工作时间，提高工作效率。[方法]在FAME用户软件中编制好实验步骤，指定洗液的洗板单元和试剂的分配单元，改进酶标板进板方式和顺序，对ELISA两步法试剂的工作表进行优化。[结果]编制出2个能在53min内完成15个酶标板进板的工作表。[结论]优化设计两步法ELISA试剂的工作表，可以充分利用FAME24／20的仪器资源，并有效提高其使用效率。     

校准的新鲜血在三台血液分析仪之间的校准

目的为了使3台血液分析仪检测结果一致且可以溯源到国际参考方法。方法参照中华医学会检验分会血液分析仪校准规范化建议,Sysmex XE-2100血液分析仪用配套校准品校准后,在此仪器上定值1份新鲜血,再用这份新鲜血校准Coulter DiffⅡ、Sysmex KX-21仪器,然后随机抽取10份标本,同时在3台血液分析仪上检测,最后将后两台仪器上的检测结果与配套校准品校准的仪器结果相比较。结果3台仪器校准后的检测结果差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论校准后的新鲜血可以代替校准物,在多台血液分析仪之间传递校准。     

4～5周龄D2BF1小鼠的血液学参考值、主要脏器重量及脏器系数的测定

目的测定4~5周龄D2BF1小鼠血液学参考值,且与同龄DBA/2、C57BL小鼠比较,并提供D2BF1小鼠主要脏器重量、脏器系数的参考值。方法随机选取4～5周龄D2BF1小鼠雌雄各10只,分别称重,摘除眼球采血后,颈椎脱臼处死,摘除主要脏器称重,并将测定的血液学值与同龄的C57BL和DBA/2小鼠进行比较分析。结果D2BF1小鼠雌雄之间血液值MCV有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,其余无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。与同龄的C57BL小鼠相比,血液值WBC、Lymph%、Gran%有极显著性差异（P〈0.01）。其余无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。与同龄的DBA/2小鼠相比,WBC、Mid%、RBC、MCH有极显著性差异（P〈0.01）,Mid有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。其余无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论D2BF1代小鼠白细胞及分类明显低于C57BL和DBA/2小鼠,值得进一步研究。