高效液相色谱流通池法测定紫草中假紫草素的含量

高效液相色谱法测定紫草提取物中的假紫草素时,出现20个峰,需时75min,主峰保留时间55min,常规方法制备工作曲线很费时。本文报道一种新的工作曲线法——流通池法的原理和方法,测定结果与常规方法一致,可以节省时间。     

骨巨细胞瘤的性质和分级

对32例骨巨细胞瘤的核DNA含量行流式细胞分析，以探讨该肿瘤的性质和分级。结果表明：Ⅰ级骨巨细胞瘤仍可看作是良性肿瘤，大多数DNA倍体水平正常；Ⅱ级骨巨细胞瘤有明确的恶性倾向，约三分之一的肿瘤DNA倍体水平异常；Ⅲ级骨巨细胞瘤则是恶性肿瘤，大部分肿瘤DNA倍体水平异常。另外，病理分级与肿瘤的S期细胞百分数及增殖细胞指数也有一定相关性，Ⅲ级骨巨细胞瘤有更大的细胞增殖活性。     

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for renovascular hypertension in children

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has been developed over the past 8 years as an alternative to reconstructive surgery for renovascular hypertension. We report three cases and review the use of PTA in children with renal artery stenosis. At least 37 cases of PTA have been reported in patients whose ages ranged from 1.3 to 17 years (mean 10 years). Of these, 10 had fibromuscular dysplasia; 13 unspecified unilateral renal artery stenosis; 4 bilateral stenosis; 4 neurofibromatosis; 4 renal transplant; 1 atherosclerosis; and 1 postsurgical stenosis. Nine of 10 patients with fibromuscular dysplasia were cured and 3 of 4 with renal transplant arterial stenosis were cured or improved. There were 11 failures of PTA, including all 4 patients with neurofibromatosis and 1 with transplant arterial stenosis. We conclude that PTA is the treatment of choice for children with hypertension due to fibromuscular dysplasia and should be attempted for stenosis of the transplanted renal artery. Other lesions resulting in renal artery stenosis may not be as amenable to dilation and should be considered on an individual basis.R. L. Chevalier is an Established Investigator of the American Heart Association     

臀肌挛缩症患者T淋巴细胞及其亚群的研究

目的研究臀肌挛缩症的免疫发病机理。方法用流式细胞仪检测43例儿童臀肌挛缩症患者和22例正常体检儿童的外周血T淋巴细胞及其亚群。结果儿童臀肌挛缩症患者的CD4 水平、CD4 /CD8 比值较正常儿童升高(P<0.05),而总T细胞和CD8 水平则两组间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论儿童臀肌挛缩症患者存在免疫调节紊乱,认为免疫因素可能是其重要发病机理之一。     

染色体与微卫星稳定型结直肠癌患者的染色体变异特征及其意义

目的 探讨染色体与微卫星稳定型（MACS型）结直肠癌（CRC）的染色体变异特征及其临床病理学意义。方法 分别应用流式细胞学、微卫星不稳定性分析和免疫组织化学方法对156例CRC患者组织的DNA倍性、微卫星不稳定性和DNA错配修复蛋白（hMSH2和hMLH1）表达进行了检测,筛选并确证MACS型CRC;进一步应用比较基因组杂交（CGH）方法,检测MACS型CRC的染色体变异情况,结合患者的临床病理学资料,分析其相关性。结果 在156例CRC患者中,有41例（26％）既是二倍体／近二倍体DNA含量的肿瘤,又呈现稳定的DNA微卫星序列,且均呈hMSH,和hMSH2蛋白正常表达,确证为MACS型CRC。CGH检测结果显示,41例MACS型CRC患者染色体的总体平均变异（扩增和缺失）数目为9．6;染色体DNA扩增频率≥10％的位点依次出现于：20q（68％）、13q（56％）、7q（49％）、13P（39％）、20P（37％）、8q（30％）、1q（22％）、11q（15％）、16q（12％）、2P,4q和10q（10％）;染色体DNA缺失频率≥10％的位点依次为：18q（63％）、8P（51％）、17P（37％）、1P（30％）、3P（26％）、4P、13q和14（15％）、21q和xp（10％）;在Dukes’C／D期的CRC中,分别有79％和82％的肿瘤出现染色体20q扩增和18q缺失,变异率明显高于Dukes’A／B期的CRC（46％,P=0．038;21％,P=0．0009）。结论 MACS型CRC的染色体变异频数接近于染色体不稳定（CI）型CRC,但高于微卫星不稳定（MSI）型CRC;染色体8P的高频缺失可能是MACS型CRC不同于CI型和MSI型CRC相对独特的分子事件;染色体20q扩增和18q缺失是MACS型CRC中最为频发的染色体变异,并与该型CRC的恶性临床表型密切相关,可能在其恶性进展中担当十分重要的作用。     

Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) and biologic therapy: a medical revolution

Targeted biologic therapies have revolutionised treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) due to their efficacy, speed of onset and tolerability. The discovery that clinically unrelated conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease, share similar immune dysregulation has led to a shift in the management of IMIDs from one of organ-based symptom relief to mechanism-based treatment. The fact that anticytokine therapy has been effective in treating multiple orphan inflammatory conditions confirms the IMID paradigm. In this review we examine the biologic agents currently licensed for use in the US and Europe: infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, rituximab, abatacept, anakinra, alefacept and efalizumab. We also discuss the rationale behind the management of IMIDs using rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis as examples. For the medical profession, IMID represents a breakthrough in the way pathology is classified. In this burgeoning era of biologic therapy the prospect of complete disease remission is conceivable.     

Evidence of sex-based differences in natural killer cell responses to exercise and carbohydrate intake in children

Distinct natural killer (NK) cell subsets (CD56^bright and CD56^dim) are mobilized with exercise and these cells may serve adaptive functions. We determined the distribution of NK cell subsets in response to exercise and carbohydrate (CHO) intake in young girls and compared these responses with previous findings in young boys of the same age. Twelve girls (12 years old) cycled for 60 min at 70% while drinking 6% CHO or flavoured water. Blood was collected at rest, during (30 and 60 min) and following (30 and 60 min) exercise to identify NK cells as CD3⁻CD56^bright or CD3⁻CD56^dim. CD69 expression on total CD3⁻CD56⁺ cells was also determined. A trend (P = 0.07) was found for a trial × time interaction in CD56^dim cell counts, with values lower with CHO than with water. CHO intake did not influence CD56^bright responses (P ≥ 0.39). The CD56^bright:CD56^dim ratio increased during recovery from exercise (P < 0.001), compared to rest, with no effect of CHO intake (P = 0.48). CD69 expression was not different between exercise or recovery and rest. Like young boys, girls experience an elevated CD56^bright:CD56^dim ratio during recovery from exercise and CHO intake attenuates the exercise-induced CD56^dim but not CD56^bright cell response. Unlike young boys, girls do not experience a CHO-induced increase in the CD56^bright:CD56^dim ratio during recovery and CD69 expression does not increase on CD3⁻CD56⁺ cells during recovery. We conclude that even in young children sex-based differences exist in the NK cell response to exercise and CHO intake.     

老年高血压肾病血小板活化分子检测的意义

目的 :评估血小板在老年高血压肾病中的活化状态及意义。方法 :利用流式细胞仪检测了 64例老年高血压肾病患者及 2 1例健康自愿者外周血小板的膜糖蛋白CD62P、CD63、CD 41和CD61的表达。结果 :老年高血压肾病组CD62P、CD63的表达较对照组显著增高 (P <0 0 0 1) ,CD41和CD61的表达与对照组比较差异无显著性(P >0 0 5 )。老年高血压肾病组CD62P、CD63的表达组间差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,且随血压分级水平升高而递增。结论 :老年高血压肾病时血小板活化增强 ,推测其在老年高血压肾病发生发展中起重要作用。     

敲低膜联蛋白A5对人胃癌MGC-803和MKN-45细胞周期的影响

目的 探讨敲低膜联蛋白A5（ANXA5）对人胃癌细胞系MGC-803、MKN-45细胞周期相关蛋白表达的影响。 方法 将细胞分为干扰组、阴性对照组及空白对照组,采用脂质体转染法将靶向膜联蛋白A5的siRNA以及阴性siRNA分别转染干扰组和阴性对照组MGC-803、MKN-45细胞,空白对照组不加任何试剂。转染后48 h采用Real-time PCR和Western bloting分别从mRNA和蛋白水平检测ANXA5的表达,确定ANXA5被敲低之后,Real-time PCR和Western bloting检测各组p21^cip1 mRNA和P21^cip1的表达,Western bloting检测各组细胞周期蛋白D1（cyclinD1）蛋白的表达,流式细胞术检测各组细胞周期的变化情况。 结果 敲低ANXA5后,与阴性对照组和空白对照组相比,两种细胞的p21^cip1mRNA和P21^cip1蛋白均显著降低（P<0.05）,cyclinD1（P<0.05）也显著降低。 结论 敲低ANXA5可下调MGC-803、MKN-45细胞中p21^cip1mRNA和P21^cip1蛋白以及cyclinD1的表达,推测ANXA5可能通过作用于细胞周期相关蛋白而引发细胞周期阻滞从而影响着胃癌的发展。     

流式细胞术检测分析人巨细胞病毒核酸疫苗诱导宿主细胞免疫效应

目的探讨人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)pp65核酸疫苗对宿主细胞免疫功能的诱导效应。方法用自行构建的含HCMVpp65基因的重组质粒免疫小鼠,用流式细胞仪检测免疫小鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞亚群的变化以及CD8 T细胞分泌干扰素γ(IFN-γ)和白细胞介素(IL)-4的情况,并以四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)增殖试验作补充验证。结果接种重组质粒组与仅接种空质粒或生理盐水对照组小鼠的免疫效应不同,表现为CD8 T细胞百分率增加(P<0.05),分泌细胞因子IFN-γ和IL-4的CD8 T细胞百分率亦增高(P<0.05),两者的平均荧光强度值增高更为显著(P<0.05)。免疫小鼠的脾脏T细胞经HCMVpp65蛋白刺激后,实验组的刺激指数(SI)较对照组明显增高(P<0.05)。结论HCMVpp65核酸疫苗接种可诱导宿主的细胞免疫反应,倾向于表现为细胞毒性T细胞(Tc)1和Tc2的混合应答以及脾脏T细胞的增殖效应。