Speech suppression without aphasia after bilateral perisylvian softenings (bilateral rolandic operculum damage)

The authors describe a patient who suffered two successive, right and left, strokes that caused bilateral rolandic operculum damage. The clinical picture was characterized by selective impairment of volitional facio-pharyngo-glosso-masticatory movements with sparing of automatic and reflex motor activity (Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome). Though completely speechless, the patient was not aphasic. This dissociation is discussed in the light of the peculiar localization of lesions evidenced by CT-scan.

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Sommario Viene descritta una paziente portatrice di due lesioni ischemiche coinvolgenti l'opercolo rolandico in entrambi gli emisferi. Il quadro clinico era caratterizzato da una compromissione selettiva dei movimenti volontari (con integrità di quelli automatici e riflessi) bilateralmente a livello facio-faringo-glosso-masticatorio (sindrome di Foix-Chavany-Marie). La paziente, del tutto incapace di articolazione e fonazione, non risultava afasica ad una valutazione neuropsicologica. Questa dissociazione viene discussa in riferimento alla particolare localizzazione delle lesioni alla T.A.C. cerebrale.

     

Laparoscopic bilateral inguinal hernia repair: Should it be the preferred technique?

Inguinal hernias are amongst the most common conditions requiring general surgical intervention. For decades, the preferred approach was the open repair. As laparoscopy became more popular and available and more surgeons became familiarized with this modality, laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair became an alternative. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of laparoscopic inguinal repair, with a focus on bilateral inguinal hernias. Initial reports have shown promising clinical outcomes compared to those of conventional repair of bilateral hernias. However, there are only a few studies concerning laparoscopic repair of bilateral hernias. It is yet to be proven that laparoscopy is the “gold standard” in the treatment of bilateral inguinal hernias. So far, the choice of an inguinal hernia repair technique has been up to each surgeon, depending on their expertise and available resources after taking into consideration each patient’s needs.     

Bilateral pneumothoraces secondary to an isolated midline zone 1 cervical stab injury

Penetrating neck trauma, though rare, carries a high morbidity and mortality risk if not recognized promptly, due to the presence of vital neurovascular and airway elements within a closed compartment. We describe the unique presentation of a high zone 1 anterior midline cervical stab injury with bilateral large pneumothoraces and extensive pneumomediastinum. Understanding the respiratory mechanics and a high clinical suspicion will help to recognize such complications of tracheobronchial injuries and their timely management is key to salvage of these patients.     

Simultaneous bilateral hallux valgus surgery: Percutaneous or conventional? Early results of a matched study from a tertiary institution

BackgroundHallux valgus is bilateral in up to 84 % of cases. In the setting of simultaneous bilateral correction, we aim to evaluate if minimally invasive percutaneous surgery (MIS) provides any advantage compared to conventional open surgery.Methods52 feet (26 patients) undergoing simultaneous bilateral MIS surgery were matched by severity of deformity to 52 feet (26 patients) undergoing simultaneous conventional open surgery. Patients were followed for a minimum of six months. Pre- and post-operative radiographs and clinical records were reviewed.ResultsThere were no significant differences in pre-operative function or pain between both groups. Post-operatively, the mean hallux valgus angle (HVA) was significantly lower in the MIS group. (HVA MIS – 8.6; Open – 11.8, P = 0.013). There were no significant differences in post-operative outcome and patient satisfaction between both groups.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that simultaneous bilateral MIS hallux valgus surgery can be considered for patients with bilateral symptomatic hallux valgus.     

双入路小切口坏死组织清除术联合持续灌注引流治疗感染性坏死性胰腺炎的临床疗效

目的探讨双入路小切口坏死组织清除术联合持续灌注引流治疗感染性坏死性胰腺炎(INP)的临床疗效。方法采用回顾性描述性研究方法。收集2016年4月至2019年7月陆军军医大学大坪医院收治的20例INP病人的临床资料;男11例,女9例;年龄为(42±9)岁。20例病人均行双入路小切口坏死组织清除术,联合术后脓腔持续灌注引流。观察指标:(1)手术情况。(2)术后情况。(3)随访情况。采用门诊及电话方式进行随访,了解病人发热、腹痛、腹胀、腹泻等临床表现及胰腺周围残余组织感染和生存情况。随访时间截至2020年1月。正态分布的计量资料以x±s表示,偏态分布的计量资料以M(范围)表示。计数资料以绝对数表示。结果(1)手术情况:20例病人均顺利完成手术,其中14例手术入路为腹上区+左侧腹膜后入路,1例为腹上区+右侧腹膜后入路,5例为腹上区+双侧腹膜后入路。20例病人中,14例行附加手术,其中10例行空肠造瘘术、2例行胃造瘘及空肠造瘘术、1例行腹腔镜胆囊切除及空肠造瘘术、1例行胆囊造瘘术。20例病人手术时间为(228±41)min,术中出血量为100 mL(50~700 mL)。(2)术后情况:20例病人术后开始行0.9%氯化钠溶液脓腔持续灌注引流时间为2 d(1~14 d)。20例病人中,6例发生术后并发症,其中1例为术后胃瘘合并腹腔出血(于术后13 d行剖腹探查止血+胃造瘘术)、1例为术后十二指肠瘘(于术后111 d行胃肠吻合+空肠造瘘术)、1例为术后腹膜后残余组织坏死感染(于术后11 d再次行胰腺周围坏死组织清除引流术)、1例为术后胆囊瘘(于术后71 d行胆囊切除术)、2例为术后胰瘘(经保守治疗后痊愈)。20例病人第1次手术后住院时间为42 d(20~178 d)。(3)随访情况:20例病人均获得术后随访,随访时间为6.0~45.0个月,中位随访时间为14.5个月。随访期间,1例病人继发糖尿病;无病人出现发热、腹痛、腹胀、腹泻等临床表现。20例病人胰腺周围残余组织吸收良好,无病人死亡。结论双入路小切口坏死组织清除术联合持续灌注引流治疗INP安全、可行。     

Bilateral nipple-sparing mastectomy and breast reconstruction in BRCA1 mutation-positive simultaneous bilateral breast cancer: A case study

BackgroundMutation-positive patients who develop unilateral breast cancer require different treatments, such as prophylactic mastectomy of the contralateral breast, from those used for other breast cancer patients. If a mutation is found before surgery, it is necessary to consider a surgical procedure that includes reconstruction. For BRCA mutation-positive patients, a suitable treatment must be selected. In Japan, a test for BRCA mutation has been covered by health insurance since 2020, making it possible to preoperatively test patients who are suspected of being positive. We report a case of simultaneous bilateral breast cancer that was found to be BRCA mutation-positive preoperatively and underwent bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy and breast reconstruction.Case presentationA 57-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital after a breast cancer screening revealed a mass in the left breast. She had a family history of breast cancer, including her sister, aunt, and cousin. She was suspected of being malignant with a mass on both sides of her breast on imaging. She underwent needle biopsy and was diagnosed as having bilateral invasive ductal carcinoma, for which she was placed on preoperative chemotherapy. Due to the strong family history of bilateral breast cancer, the patient was recommended to undergo a BRCA gene-mutation test and she consented. The result was positive for BRCA1 mutation. Although it was judged that bilateral breast-conserving surgery was sufficiently possible, bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy and breast reconstruction were performed based on BRCA mutation-positive status.DiscussionPerforming a preoperative BRCA test may change the surgical procedure.BRCA tests are beneficial to patients, but the timing of the tests is important. Care must be taken not to force the patient.ConclusionsKnowing whether the patient is BRCA mutation-positive is extremely important for selecting surgical procedures and treatment methods. BRCA testing should be recommended for patients who are strongly suspected of being positive, but the decision should be the patient’s. It is therefore necessary to provide accurate information and engage in a dialogue with the patient, but the medical staff should not pressure the patient to have the test.     

改良的Black法功能性修复双侧唇裂18例分析

推广双侧唇裂的功能性修复。方法：应用改良的Ｂｌａｃｋ法。结果：１８例双侧唇裂患儿经６－１８个月的术后随访,均后获得满意的动态及静态效果。结论无论完全性或不完全性双侧唇裂,只有功能性修复,才可获得良好的前唇部肌肉及功能。     

An external approach without tracheotomy for submucosal cordectomy with laterofixation for bilateral abductor paralysis of the vocal folds

There are numerous surgical procedures now available to manage bilateral abductor paralyses of the vocal folds. These procedures have various success rates but mostly do not offer reliable and predictable postoperative results, and usually require ,tracheotomy. The technique described in this report is based on a trial study to obtain a safe airway for an affected patient and avoid tracheotomy, if possible. Submucosal cordectomy was used with lateral fixation of one vocal fold and preservation of the arytenoid. The procedure was performed by using continuous intravenous anesthesia, which does not require intubation of the patient's airway. Seven patients were operated with this technique with excellent postoperative results. The glottal airway was largely improved in all patients, with only minor temporary complications.     

Bilateral traumatic abducens nerve paralysis with cervical spine flexion injury

Bilateral traumatic abducens nerve palsy is a rare condition. We report a case associated with cervical spine flexion injury. This may be the first such case report, as no similar case was found in our review of the literature. The mechanisms of injury in this case are relevant to theories that explain hyperextension injuries.     

Bilateral subcapital loss of arms following high-voltage electrical injury in the child: a new method for stump distalisation

Summary Bilateral loss of arms following high-voltage electrical injury results in severe problems for prosthetic replacement. To allow a unilateral myoelectric prosthetic fitting directed by contralateral contact switches, stump construction was achieved by bilateral tissue expansion and free non-vascularized double-fibula transplantation. Indications, technical details and functional results are presented.