膝部超时限腘动脉损伤的治疗

目的 总结超时限胭动脉损伤的诊治经验和教训。方法 1995年2月～2006年1月，收治28例胭动脉损伤时间超过8h的患者。其中男25例，女3例；年龄3～53岁。车祸伤12例，高处坠落伤3例，火器伤2例，锐器伤3例，绞扎伤2例，其他6例。20例未扪及动脉搏动，8例动脉搏动减弱。2例见裸露胭动脉和／或活动性喷血，8例直接手术探查，18例彩色多普勒检查示胭动脉及分支有彩色血流信号通过。7例胭动脉缺损〈5cm，9例缺损〉5cm。损伤至血管再通时间8～150h，平均31．8h。采用端端吻合、大隐静脉移植修复16例，截肢12例。结果 行动-静脉吻合或桥接术的16例患者，15例血管再通，肢体存活，其中12例1年内下肢功能基本恢复，3例遗留不同程度足下垂和踝关节挛缩，另1例枪伤患者因吻合血管术后1d再次栓塞，行二期截肢；血管吻合术后肢体存活率94％（15／16）。28例患者均获随访6个月～11年，平均4．2年。无死亡患者，截肢率43％，病残率54％。结论 胭动脉损伤的预后主要取决于血管再通时间和侧支循环的血氧代偿能力；延误诊断和治疗是严重胭动脉损伤截肢率居高不下的主要原因。     

血栓闭塞性脉管炎截肢手术122例临床分析

本文全面系统地总结了我院治疗脉管炎截肢手术的经验。通过122例131个肢体的手术分析,作者指出应用中西医结合方法治疗脉管炎能有效地促进侧支循环建立,改善患肢血运,可使截肢平面降低,一般施行膝下小腿截肢即可成功。对手术的适应证和截肢平面的选择,作者进行了认真讨论。     

Familia,economía y servicios sanitarios: claves de los cuidados en pacientes con diabetes y amputación de miembros inferiores. Estudio cualitativo en Andalucía

Aim

To examine the experience of diabetic care in patients undergoing lower limb amputation.

Socioeconomic factors associated with limb salvage versus amputation for adult extremity bone sarcomas in patients with insurance coverage

BackgroundLimb salvage (LS) has become the preferred treatment for adult patients with bone sarcoma of the extremities. The decision to perform LS versus an amputation is often dictated by tumor characteristics, however there may be socioeconomic factors associated with LS. Previously this has been linked to insurance status, however currently there is a paucity of data examining socioeconomic factors in patients with medical insurance at the time of sarcoma diagnosis. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to examine socioeconomic factors which could be associated with the decision to perform LS versus amputation for adult bone sarcoma patients.MethodsData from Optum Labs Data Warehouse, a national administrative claims database, was analyzed to identify patients with extremity bone sarcomas from 2006 to 2017. Bivariate regression was used to identify factors associated with LS versus amputation.ResultsOf 1,390 (743 males, 647 female) patients, 252 (18%) under amputation while 1,138 (82%) underwent LS. Lower extremity tumors (OR 4.72, p < 0.001), income <$75,000 (OR 1.85, p = 0.03), being treated a public hospital (OR 1.41, p = 0.04) and a hospital with <200 beds (OR 1.90, p = 0.006) were associated with amputation. Income ≥$125,000 (OR 0.62, 0.04) were associated with LS.ConclusionIn adult patients with medical insurance at the time of diagnosis, socioeconomic and hospital factors were associated with an amputation for bone sarcoma, with poorer patients, and those treated at smaller, and public hospitals more likely to undergo amputation.     

The Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales and quality of life in people with lower-limb amputation

OBJECTIVES: To undertake preliminary research into quality of life (QOL) for a group of people with a lower-limb amputation and to investigate what aspects of the "prosthetic experience" are most strongly associated with QOL using the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales (TAPES). DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Prosthetic limb fitting center. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-three people older than 18 years with unilateral lower-limb amputation. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The TAPES and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief Version. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in any of the QOL domain scores (physical health, psychological, social relationships, environmental) arising from age, gender, level of amputation, or cause of amputation. However, there were significant differences depending on the length of time living with the prosthesis and the degree of prosthetic use. Stepwise regression identified different significant predictors for each domain of QOL. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the claim that the TAPES can be used to evaluate QOL for this patient group. Further research is warranted to learn how sensitive the scale and its items are to change in clinical status.     

Sexual functioning and sexual well-being in people with a limb amputation: a cross-sectional study in the Netherlands

Purpose: This study aimed to: (a) investigate whether, and if so which, sexual problems are present in people with a limb amputation; (b) analyze how they experience their sexuality; and (c) investigate whether sexuality was discussed with them during their rehabilitation process. Method: In total, 301 participants completed a survey consisting of a questionnaire on participant characteristics, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Maudsley Marital Questionnaire (MMQ), the Amputee Body Image Scale (ABIS), the Questionnaire about Sexual Counselling, the Questionnaire about Sexuality and the Short Sexual Functioning Scale (SSFS). Results: Overall, 20% of the participants experienced one or more sexual dysfunction(s). Participants who had at least one sexual dysfunction were more likely to be male, had an amputation more recently, and had a more negative body image. Moreover, sexuality was only scantly discussed by rehabilitation professionals. Conclusions: Sexual problems and sexual dysfunctions do occur in people with a limb amputation, but these problems are not discussed during the rehabilitation process. Justice for a person's “whole body” can only be served when sexuality is taken seriously in rehabilitation care in order to avoid cutting sexuality out of an amputee's life.

• Implications for Rehabilitation

• People with a limb amputation may be confronted with sexual problems and/or sexual dysfunctions.

• It is therefore important that sexuality is taken seriously as a part of standard rehabilitation care and that professionals bring up the issue of sexuality during the rehabilitation process.

     

Joint loading and bone mineral density in persons with unilateral, trans-tibial amputation

Background. Persons with unilateral, lower-extremity amputation sometimes develop osteoarthritis in the intact limb. The purpose of this study was to investigate gait mechanics and bone mineral density in unilateral, trans-tibial amputees to test the hypotheses that the intact limb knee and hip will have larger frontal plane net joint moments and bone mineral density than the prosthetic side and the limbs of control subjects.

Methods. Proximal tibia and femoral neck bone mineral density and gait mechanics were measured from nine subjects with a unilateral, trans-tibial amputation and from age, gender, and mass matched control subjects.

Findings. The amputee intact proximal tibia bone mineral density and peak knee internal abduction moment were 45% (P = 0.001) and 56% (P = 0.028) greater, respectively, than the prosthetic side. The intact limb femoral neck bone mineral density and peak hip internal abduction moment were 12% (P = 0.095) and 33% (P = 0.03) greater, respectively, than the prosthetic side. The intact knee frontal plane moment and bone mineral density were moderately larger than the control knee, while the intact and control hip were similar.

Interpretation. Elevated frontal plane net joint moments and bone mineral density suggest the potential exists for premature knee joint degradation. Measuring frontal plane joint mechanics and bone mineral density may be important tools for assessing joint health in persons with unilateral, trans-tibial amputation.     

封闭式负压引流联合反植皮一期闭合开放性创伤截肢创面的临床分析

目的对比观察封闭式负压引流技术(vacuum sealing drainage,VSD)联合反取皮和直接反取皮治疗开放性创伤截肢创面的疗效。方法 2005年3月-2010年6月,应用随机单盲法对收治的60例四肢开放性骨折截肢患者分别采用一期VSD联合反取中厚皮片植皮(试验组,30例)与一期单纯反取中厚皮片植皮覆盖截肢创面(对照组,30例)治疗。两组患者性别、年龄、致伤原因、截肢部位、皮肤缺损面积、术前白蛋白指数及受伤至就诊时间等一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组截肢后剪除多余残肢皮肤应用皮鼓取皮制成中厚交错筛网状皮片,植于截肢创面,表面用VSD覆盖,24 h不间断吸引持续7～10 d;对照组截肢后直接行反取中厚皮片覆盖创面,术后常规换药。结果试验组患者于术后平均8 d去除VSD装置。试验组皮片存活率(90.0%)、创面感染率(3.3%)及再截肢率(0)、换药次数[(2.0±0.5)次]、住院时间[(12.0±2.6)d],均显著优于对照组[分别为63.3%、20.0%、13.3%、(8.0±1.5)次、(18.0±3.2)d],比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者均获随访,随访时间1～3年,平均2年。末次随访时,试验组瘢痕面积、瘢痕分级及创面两点辨别觉均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者残肢均未见明显肿胀;术后试验组患肢疼痛发生率、残肢长度均优于对照组(P<0.05),而患肢残端形状比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组残肢与健侧相比较,均存在肌肉废用性萎缩、肌力下降,各组健侧与患侧肌力比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组患侧间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与单纯反取中厚皮片比较,VSD联合反取中厚皮片能够一期关闭截肢创面并对创面进行引流,降低感染发生,促进皮片与创面良好贴附,提高了皮片存活率,降低了截肢平面,利于假肢佩戴,是一期处理截肢创面的理想方法之一。