高频超声在小儿腹股沟斜疝手术治疗中的价值

目的　探讨高频超声检测小儿腹股沟斜疝腹股沟管扩张程度对于选择手术方式的价值。　方法　回顾分析 4 88例施行单纯疝囊高位结扎手术的小儿腹股沟斜疝超声检测的腹股沟管扩张最大内径 ,分组追踪其术后斜疝复发率。　结果　腹股沟管扩张最大内径 >1.5 cm的一组病例术后复发率明显增高。　结论　高频超声检测腹股沟管扩张最大内径 >1.5 cm的小儿腹股沟斜疝有必要行斜疝修补术 ,减少复发率 ,为临床医师提供有价值的客观指标     

腹部外科手术患者的健康需求与指导

目的探讨腹部外科手术患者在手术前后对健康知识的需求。方法采用问卷方式对100例腹部手术患者进行健康需求调查，然后将患者的需求分类归纳，进行统计。结果100％的患者关心手术的效果、手术及麻醉的安全性、手术前后的注意事项。结论根据患者的健康需求，分别在术前、术后和出院时各阶段实施针对性的健康教育，使患者能积极主动配合治疗和护理，出院时患者对护理满意率达95％以上。     

Femoral pseudo-hernias

Before surgical intervention in the femoral area, doctors should be mindful of two situations in which surgery is not indicated and, in fact, may cause harm. Electronic Publication     

Abdominal ultrasonography in the diagnostic work-up in children with recurrent abdominal pain

We report on our experience with routine abdominal ultrasonography in 120 children (aged 3–15 years) with recurrent abdominal pain, in order to determine the diagnostic value of this investigation. Eight children (7%) revealed sonographic abnormalities: gallbladder stone (n = 2), splenomegaly (n = 1) and urogenital abnormalities (n = 5). The recurrent abdominal pain could be explained by these findings in only two (may be three) cases. Conclusion The diagnostic value of abdominal ultra‐sonography in unselected children with recurrent abdominal pain is low. However, the direct visualization of the abdominal structures as being normal may be helpful to the parents and the child in their understanding and acceptance of the benign nature of recurrent abdominal pain. Received: 19 March 1996 / Accepted: 29 January 1997     

Laparoscopic repair of a diaphragmatic hernia through the foramen of Morgagni

A 78-year-old woman is described who presented with a diaphragmatic hernia through the foramen of Morgagni. A definitive diagnosis was confirmed by a sagittal view on magnetic resonance imaging prior to surgery. The hernia was repaired laparoscopically under an abdominal wall lifting technique without pneumoperitoneum, and her symptoms completely resolved postoperatively with no evidence of recurrence. The laparoscopic repair was considered a suitable and safe procedure for the treatment of a Morgagni hernia. Received: 3 April 1996/Accepted: 3 May 1996     

The role of the endoscopic extraperitoneal approach in large inguinal scrotal hernias

The role of endoscopic extraperitoneal herniorrhaphy (EEPH) in the management of giant scrotal hernias has not been well defined, and the technical details relating to operations on such hernias have not been described. We present our experience with 17 patients undergoing repair of giant scrotal hernias. Foley catheter bladder decompression was routinely employed. The Retzius space was developed early in the procedure and hernia sac contents were reduced in all cases. The inferior epigastric vessels were likewise divided in all patients. The average operative time was 76 min and all patients were discharged home the same day. There have been no recurrences on follow-up. There was no mortality, and morbidity was limited to seroma formation in two patients. We conclude that with certain technical modifications, EEPH can be safely employed for the treatment of giant scrotal hernias. Received: 7 May 1996/Accepted: 12 July 1996     

Laparoscopic treatment of giant paraoesophageal hernias

Summary The authors report their experience of laparoscopic repair of large paraoesophageal hernias (POH). From February 1994 to January 1997, nine patients with a large POH containing at least 50% of the stomach have been treated laparoscopically. The surgical procedure included reduction of the herniated stomach, closure of the hiatal orifice, and construction of a circular fundoplication. There was no conversion into open surgery. One case of postoperative atelectasis was seen (morbidity: 12.5%). Postoperative X-Ray demonstrated the restoration of a normal anatomical arrangements as well as an effective anti-reflux fundoplication. Laparoscopy makes it possible to safely and efficiently repair large POHs with an acceptable morbidity. However, this type of operation requires a good training in laparoscopic surgery.     

舒芬太尼复合罗哌卡因用于腹部手术后硬膜外自控镇痛

目的:研究舒芬太尼复合罗哌卡因用于腹部手术后硬膜外自控镇痛(patient-controlled analgesia,PCA)的效果和不良反应。方法:选择全身麻醉耐受能力(ASA)Ⅰ~Ⅱ级择期行腹部手术的88例,随机分为舒芬太尼组和芬太尼组。两组术后分别复合0.2%罗哌卡因行硬膜外PCA,观察并记录两组术后16、32小时的静息、咳嗽、活动时的视觉模拟评分(VAS),实际镇痛时间以及术后恶心、呕吐、尿潴留、呼吸抑制、皮肤瘙痒等不良反应。结果:舒芬太尼组术后16、32小时的静息、咳嗽、活动时的VAS评分与芬太尼组比较,差异具有显著统计学意义(P<0.05);在术后镇痛不良反应中,芬太尼组呼吸抑制发生率为17.8%,舒芬太尼组发生率为0,两组比较,差异具有显著统计学意义(P<0.05)。实际镇痛时间:舒芬太尼组为(46.51±1.32)小时,芬太尼组为(36.24±2.28)小时,两组比较,差异具有非常显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:舒芬太尼复合罗哌卡因用于腹部术后硬膜外PCA较芬太尼复合罗哌卡因镇痛效果好,不良反应小,安全性高。     

Prognosis for patients with carcinoma in the middle third of the stomach

In 268 of the 1,115 patients (24.0%) with gastric cancer who underwent a curative resection in our clinics, the tumor was located in the middle third of the stomach. The clinicopathological features and prognosis of these patients were divided into two groups, according to site of the tumor: anterior wall (n = 58) vs. other sites (n = 210). Clinicopathological factors did not differ between the two groups. The survival time for patients with a tumor in the anterior group was shorter than that for patients with a tumor in other areas (P < 0.05). The five-year survival rate was 79.3% for patients with an anterior tumor and 91.9% for those with a tumor at a different site. A multivariate analysis indicated lymph node metastasis, serosal invasion, and anterior wall location to be independent prognostic factors indicative of a poor prognosis when the tumor was located in the middle third of the stomach. For such patients, close follow-up is needed to detect possible recurrences. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

腹部刀刺伤单纯腹壁清创术的临床应用

目的　探讨单纯腹壁清创术在腹部刀刺伤患者中的应用 ,以提高腹部刀刺伤的治疗水平。方法　我科收治腹部刀刺伤患者中 1 6例进行单纯腹壁清创术 ,对病例选择及其注意事项进行了分析总结。结果　 1 6例患者治疗成功 1 4例 (87.50 % ) ,2例 (1 2 .50 % )中转手术。结论　对于腹部刀刺伤的患者 ,选择适合的病人进行腹壁伤口的单纯清创缝合 ,术后严密观察是可行的。