2~6岁儿童牙科诊室行为影响因素研究

目的探寻2~6岁儿童牙科诊室行为的影响因素,建立简便易行的低龄儿童牙科诊室行为预测模型。方法对96例接受牙科治疗的2~6岁儿童的牙科诊室行为评估分为配合组与不配合组;问卷调查获取家长口腔健康意识、母亲牙科焦虑、儿童日常行为特点及情绪类型等资料;使用SPSS11.5软件分析组间各因素差异及与牙科诊室行为的相关程度。结果两组患儿年龄(4.35±0.83 vs 3.85±1.07)和情绪应激性(17.77±4.88 vs 23.23±4.76)之间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗持续时间、幼儿园入园表现、家长对儿童口腔疾患的责任承担度与儿童口腔诊室行为均存在显著相关性(P0.05)。结论通过治疗前与家长的针对性沟通可有效预测低龄儿童牙科诊室行为。     

浅谈医院急抢救设备的合理分布和管理

介绍了急抢救设备的管理现状,针对医疗机构急抢救设备管理中普遍存在的问题,结合某院对急抢救设备的管理经验,探讨了急抢救设备合理分布和管理的方法,最大程度地发挥了急抢救设备的效能,进一步提高了危病重患者的存活率,降低了在院患者的死亡率,提升了医院急抢救的水平。     

Examining health literacy among urban African-American adolescents with asthma

Objective: This exploratory study assessed health literacy among urban African-American high school students to improve understanding of the association between adolescent health literacy and asthma. Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of the control group (n = 181) of the Puff City randomized controlled trial (2006–2010), a web-based intervention to promote asthma management among students, grades 9 through 12. A validated self-report 3-item health literacy screening instrument was completed at final online follow-up survey. Logistic regression was used to explore the association between health literacy, demographic characteristics, quality of life, asthma management, and health care utilization. Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that an overall inadequate health literacy score was associated with students who were more likely to be younger (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.44–0.84), not on Medicaid (OR 0.36; 95% CI 0.17–0.76), have at least one hospitalization (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.07–1.56); and a lower overall quality of life (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.59–0.95). Those lacking confidence in filling out medical forms, needing help reading hospital materials, and having difficulty understanding written information were more likely to not have a rescue inhaler (OR 0.49; 95% CI 0.25–0.94), have one or more emergency visits (OR 1.21 95% CI 1.02–1.43), and one or more hospitalizations (OR 1.19; 95% CI 1.01–1.41), respectively. Conclusions: The findings indicate a significant association between inadequate health literary and suboptimal asthma management. It is important to advance understanding of adolescent health literacy, especially those at-risk, as they assume asthma self-management tasks and move toward independent adult self-care.