A Targeted Biopsy during Menstruation for the Definitive Diagnosis of Rectovaginal Endometriosis: A Report of Two Cases

We herein report the definitive diagnosis of rectovaginal endometriosis in two cases. Case 1 involved a 46-year-old woman with abdominal pain and hematochezia. The diagnosis after the first and second examinations using lower gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy was unclear. Differential diagnoses included mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and colorectal cancer. The third lower GI endoscopy with a targeted biopsy, performed during menstruation, confirmed rectovaginal endometriosis. Case 2 involved a 38-year-old woman with hematochezia. Lower GI endoscopy during menstruation revealed rectovaginal endometriosis. When rectovaginal or bowel endometriosis is suspected, lower GI endoscopy and a targeted biopsy during menstruation can prevent unnecessary surgery.     

Roles and competencies in the nutritional domain for the management of the metabolic diseases and in the hospital setting: A position paper of the Italian College of Academic Nutritionists,MED-49 (ICAN-49)

Epidemiological evidence has confirmed the potential causal relationship between specific dietary factors and non-communicable diseases. However, currently nutrition was shown to be insufficiently integrated into medical education, regardless of the country. Without an adequate nutrition education, it is reasonable to assume that future physicians, as well as other health care professionals, will be not able to provide the highest quality care to patients in preventing and treating non-communicable diseases. Furthermore, the insufficient availability of physicians with specializations in nutrition has posed the basis for the development of non-medical careers in the field of nutrition. The present document was drafting by the Italian College of Academic Nutritionists, MED-49 (ICAN-49), with the aim to provide an overview on the nutritional competency standards covered by several health care professionals (Physicians Clinical Nutrition Specialists, Clinical Dietitians, Professional Clinical Nutrition Specialists, etc) for the prevention of diseases and/or support of pharmacological therapies. The aim of the ICAN 49 is to suggest a major shift in practice opportunities and roles for many nutritionists, especially for the management of the metabolic diseases, and promote a paradigm change: a clinical and educational leadership role for Physician Clinical Nutrition Specialists in the hospital setting.     

我院4种靶向抗肿瘤药物不良反应的调查与分析

目的：调查并分析我院4种靶向抗肿瘤药物的不良反应。方法：将我院2013年1月～2014年4月收治的100例确诊为恶性肿瘤的患者纳入本研究,本组患者均接受化疗,采用厄洛替尼、吉非替尼（易瑞沙）、利妥昔单抗（美罗华）、西妥昔单抗（爱必妥）进行治疗,分析其不良反应情况。结果：100例患者中,厄洛替尼、吉非替尼（易瑞沙）、利妥昔单抗（美罗华）、西妥昔单抗（爱必妥）处方量分别为187、119、245、312,不良反应发生率分别为12.5%、13.3%、7.1%,12.1%,与国外报道大致相当。与传统抗肿瘤药物相比,这些药物的不良反应发生率相对较低,不良反应程度也较轻,多为I级与II级,不会危及患者的生命安全。结论：厄洛替尼、吉非替尼（易瑞沙）、利妥昔单抗（美罗华）、西妥昔单抗（爱必妥）引发的不良反应相对较少,利妥昔单抗不良反应发生率较低,但是,本研究选择的样本量较少,还有待进一步的调查研究。     

早期康复护理在脑卒中偏瘫患者200例中的应用

探讨早期康复护理对脑卒中致偏瘫患者的患肢功能康复、日常生活能力状况及临床护理效果,提高患者的自理能力,减轻患者及家庭的痛苦,提高患者的生活质量。选取2009年9月至2013年7月我院神经内科收治的脑卒中致偏瘫患者200例进行回顾性对比研究。按随机、对照的原则分为对照组、康复组,分别比较2组患者治疗康复后的日常生活能力量表评分,入院时及康复1周后、康复2个月后患者Barthel指数评分,早期康复治疗后的临床疗效。2组除入院时Barthel指数评分无显著性差异外,康复组脑卒中偏瘫患者经早期康复护理后的日常生活能力量表评分及康复1周后、康复2个月后 Barthel指数评分均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）;总有效率康复组显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）。对脑卒中偏瘫患者施行早期康复临床护理干预有利于提高患者的自理能力,增强患者的自信心,减轻患者的痛苦,提高患者的生活质量,值得临床推广。     

心脏骤停亚低温治疗脑保护策略

脑损伤被认为是导致心脏骤停自主循环恢复患者死亡的重要原因,挽救、阻止神经细胞损伤,恢复神经功能对 于改善复苏预后意义重大。作为心脏骤停患者诊疗中的重要一环,亚低温治疗已经体现出其在神经功能保护方面的 优势,但最终使患者获益的不仅仅是体温的降低,还取决于亚低温治疗策略的制定与实施、器官功能的连续评估与监 测、必要的辅助支持治疗等集束化诊疗策略的执行。     

社区戒毒康复人员社会支持与社会适应能力相关性

目的调查分析社区戒毒康复人员的社会支持与社会适应能力现状及其相关关系,为采取有针对性促进措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层抽样方法随机抽取研究对象,采用社会支持量表和社会适应能力诊断量表收集研究对象的社会支持和社会适应资料,对资料进行描述性分析和相关性分析。结果 130例研究对象的社会支持总分为34.48±9.36,客观支持得分为6.00±1.88,主观支持得分为15.17±4.22,社会支持利用度得分6.59±2.27;研究对象的社会适应能力中的很强、良好、一般、较差、很差的构成是2.32%、1.55%、19.23%、31.53%、55.37%;戒毒康复人员的客观支持与社会适应能力存在相关性(P﹤0.05)。结论社区戒毒康复人员存在社会支持和社会适应能力偏低现状;客观支持可能为戒毒康复人员社会适应能力的促进因素。     

海勤人员运动量监测记录装置的设计

目的:研究一种用于监测海勤人员体能训练运动量情况的便携式装置.方法:该装置由控制组件、晶振时钟、按钮、3D加速度传感器和有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode,OLED)显示屏组成.数据监测包括与健身器械配套使用和单独使用2个模式,通过USB接口与个人计算机(personal computer,PC)端传输数据.结果:样机完成后经过反复测试,基本达到了设计要求,成功实现了参训人员运动量的采集与监测.结论:该装置能够对海勤人员的体能训练目标执行情况进行有效记录与评估,提升其体能训练的质量及军事作业的完成能力.     

Long-term effectiveness of an inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program for elderly COPD patients: comparison between young-elderly and old-elderly groups

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in elderly COPD patients, we monitored patients for 1 year after they completed a 2-week inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program. We also compared the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on young-elderly (age 65-74 years) and old-elderly (age 75 years or over) COPD patients. METHODOLOGY: Fifty-nine elderly COPD patients (mean age 72.8 years) were studied. They underwent a comprehensive 2-week inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program incorporating 10 exercise sessions, each of which included endurance training of the lower extremities, peripheral muscle conditioning training of the upper and lower extremities, and stretching, along with various education sessions. The effects of pulmonary rehabilitation were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months after completion of the program. RESULTS: Overall, patient health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as assessed by a QoL scale, and dyspnoea as assessed by an oxygen cost diagram, improved significantly over the 12-month period. Exercise capacity assessed by a 6-min walking distance test (6MWD) was similarly significantly improved. However, there was some fall-off in terms of the distance walked 12 months after pulmonary rehabilitation. The improvements in exercise capacity, dyspnoea, and HRQoL did not differ between the two groups, with the exception that the 6MWD (P < 0.01) and the QoL scale (P < 0.05) at 3 months post-pulmonary rehabilitation were significantly higher in the old-elderly group. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary rehabilitation is an effective treatment in terms of improving dyspnoea, exercise capacity and HRQoL in elderly COPD patients, and the benefits are almost comparable for young-elderly and old-elderly patients.     

Strengthening the fellowship training experience: findings from a national survey of fellowship trained geriatricians 1990-1998

Geriatric fellowship training has significantly advanced in the past 2 decades in number, organization, and accreditation of formal fellowship programs. A recent survey examined career decision-making, fellowship training, and current professional activities of fellowship trained geriatricians. This paper focuses upon further desired fellowship training identified by these individuals. The responses reflect skills relevant to four aspects of professional performance: administration, management, clinical geriatrics, research, and education. More than half of the respondents documented the need for increased training in administration, including long-term care medical directorship and Medicare/managed care. Regarding clinical training, 66% recommended additional subspecialty training, particularly in psychiatry, neurology, rehabilitation, and hospice/palliative care. Seventeen percent identified a need for training in research methodology, grant writing, and mentorship. Some 6% indicated a need for further training in education, citing teaching skills and program/faculty development. This article provides examples of opportunities to strengthen each of the four defined areas, including formal training in medical administration by the American Medical Director's Association, model strategies for incorporating subspecialties, hospice/palliative care, programs to pursue graduate level training in research at many universities, and faculty development programs such as those offered by Harvard and Stanford. Accredited geriatric fellowship programs as well as fellows should recognize potential gaps in training, and make available opportunities to strengthen these areas critical to preparing for future careers in geriatric medicine.