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101.
师爱枝 《山西职工医学院学报》2004,14(4):9-10
目的:观察危重型肾功能衰竭合并高危出血患者选择抗凝药物进行血液透析治疗的效果。方法:应用吉派林(低分子肝素钠)作为抗凝剂进行血液透析。结果:129例病人进行血液透析386次,均没有出血发生。结论:吉派林在高危出血患者血液透析中使用方便,安全,效果良好。 相似文献
102.
本文总结了用硝普钠治疗AMI并发泵衰竭28例临床资料。根据治疗前左心功能和血压水平,分组讨论其剂量与疗程;并将不同程度泵衰竭对硝普钠的疗效分组列表,进行了统计学处理。结果:有效率85.7%;在无血流动力学监测的条件下,只要严密观察临床指标,应用硝普纳同样可行。 相似文献
103.
透明质酸钠粉雾剂防治开腹术后腹腔粘连的实验研究 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
为观察透明质酸钠粉雾剂防治开腹术后粘连的作用并探讨其作用机制,将30只大鼠均分为A、B两组,开腹摩擦回肠肠管形成腹腔粘连,B组损伤局部应用透明质酸钠粉雾剂,3周后观察粘连状况。结果两组共死亡3只,A组Ⅱ级粘连3只,Ⅲ级10只;B组0级、Ⅰ级及Ⅲ级各为2、11和1只,经秩和检验两组有显著性差异(P<0.05)。表明透明质酸钠粉雾剂可有效防止或减轻大鼠术后腹腔粘连,为临床防治开腹术后粘连及其并发症提供了一种简便、有效的方法。 相似文献
104.
考察了头孢哌酮钠在醋酸钠平衡液中的稳定性。二药配伍后,置室温(25℃)及37℃水浴中,6h内溶液无颜色改变,亦无沉淀、气体产生,头孢哌酮钠均在初始浓度的95%以上。 相似文献
105.
目的:观察丙戊酸钠与尼莫地平治疗偏头痛的疗效有否差别。方法:偏头痛129例,随机分为丙戊酸钠治疗组66例(男性17例,女性49例;年龄25±s7a),丙戊酸钠开始剂量为0.2g,po,tid,以后根据发作频率及程度逐渐增量,最大量1.4g/d,共用3mo;尼莫地平对照组63例(男性18例,女性45例,年龄27±6a),尼莫地平30mg,po,tid,共用3mo。结果:丙戊酸钠组总有效率为83%。尼莫地平组为85%,2组无明显差异(P>0.05).未见严重不良反应。结论:丙戊酸钠与尼莫地平治疗偏头痛安全有效、疗效相似。 相似文献
106.
Brett Claire M. Washington Carla B. Ott Ronda J. Gutierrez Marcelo M. Giacomini Kathleen M. 《Pharmaceutical research》1993,10(3):423-426
The therapeutic efficacy of nucleosides and nucleoside analogues as antitumor, antiviral, antiparasitic, and antiarrhythmic agents has been well documented. Pharmacokinetic studies suggest that many of these compounds are actively transported in the kidney. The goal of this study was to determine if therapeutically relevant nucleosides or analogues interact with the recently characterized Na+-driven nucleoside transport system of the brush border membrane of the human kidney. Brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) were prepared from human kidney by divalent cation precipitation and differential centrifugation. The initial Na+-driven 3H-uridine uptake into vesicles was determined by rapid filtration. The effect of several naturally occurring nucleosides (cytidine, thymidine, adenosine), a pyrimidine base (uracil), a nucleotide (UMP), and several synthetic nucleoside analogues [zidovudine (AZT), cytarabine (Ara-C), and dideoxycytidine (ddC)] on Na+–uridine transport was determined. At a concentration of 100 µM the naturally occurring nucleosides, uracil, and UMP significantly inhibited Na+-uridine transport, whereas the three synthetic nucleoside analogues did not. Adenosine competitively inhibited Na+-uridine uptake with a K
i of 26.4 µM (determined by constructing a Dixon plot). These data suggest that naturally occurring nucleosides are substrates of the Na+–nucleoside transport system in the renal brush border membrane, whereas synthetic nucleoside analogues with modifications on the ribose ring are not. The K
i of adenosine is higher than clinically observed concentrations and suggests that the system may play a physiologic role in the disposition of this nucleoside. 相似文献
107.
A. Y. S. Chan P. Poon E. L. P. Chan S. L. M. Fung Professor R. Swaminathan 《Osteoporosis international》1993,3(6):341-344
The effect of high sodium intake on bone mineral content of rats fed a normal (0.6% Ca) or a low (0.02% Ca) calcium diet was studied. Rats on a normal calcium diet given 1.8% sodium chloride to drink showed persistent and significant hypercalciuria and subnormal bone mineral content. Total calcium content of femur was significantly lower after 4 months (p<0.02) and 12 months (p<0.001). In rats maintained on a low calcium diet (0.02% Ca), a high sodium diet for 8 weeks caused a significant loss of calcium in bone similar to that seen in animals fed a normal calcium diet for 4 months. We conclude that high sodium intake reduces bone mineral content, especially if the diet is low in calcium. 相似文献
108.
Aspirin has antisecretory and ulcerogenic properties in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on the electrical and mechanical activity of the ileum in anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits. Ileal electromechanical activity was recorded from serosal electrodes and a miniature intraluminal balloon. Thirty minutes after injection of ASA (30, 60 and 100 mg/kg intravenous) significant and dose-dependent increases in the percentage of slow waves with action potentials were observed when compared with saline-injected animals. The onset of action potentials correlated with phasic increases in intraluminal pressure, indicating the onset of circular muscle contractions. Injection of 15 mg/kg ASA, sodium salicylate (100 mg/kg intravenous) or saline had no effect on baseline action potential activity. Prostaglandin E
2 (PGE
2)(5 and 10 g/kg intravenous) significantly increased slow-wave frequency and decreased ASA-induced action potential activity. This study demonstrates that (1) ASA, but not sodium salicylate, stimulates phasic ileal action potential and contractile activity and (2) in ASA-treated animals, PGE
2
produces differential effects on in vivoslow-wave frequency and action potential activity. 相似文献
109.
Robert H. Smallwood George W. Mihaly Richard A. Smallwood Denis J. Morgan 《Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics》1988,16(5):529-542
For substances eliminated from blood by the liver, the effect of a change in unbound fraction of drug (fu
b
)on steady state total (C
b
)and unbound (Cu
b
)blood concentrations has hitherto only been considered for the two limiting cases, i.e., at the upper and lower extremes of hepatic intrinsic clearance (CL
int
).For a substance of very low CL
int
,if fu
b
changes, C
t
will change and Cu
b
will remain constant, whereas if CL
int
isvery high, Cu
b
will change and C
b
will remain constant.The present study defines the effects of a change in fu
b
on C
b
and Cu
b
over the whole CL
int
range. Computer simulations were undertaken which predicted that, for a given change in fu
b
,absolute and relative changes in C
b
would decreasenonlinearly with increasing CL
int, twhile the relative change in Cu
b would increasewith CL
int
.The absolute change in Cub
would be independent of CL
int
.Significant changes in Cb and Cu
b would be observed at intermediate values of CL
int not just at the high and low extremes. These theoretical predictions were investigated experimentally in the isolated perfused rat liver by examining the effects of a change in fu
b of sodium taurocholate a substance with intermediate CL
int
(such that at fu
b
=0.27,hepatic extraction ratio=0.71) induced by concurrent administration of sodium oleate. Sodium 24-
14
C-taurocholate (specific activity 52 Ci/mmol) was infused into the reservoir in a recycling system at 30 mol/hr for 105 min (n=6). At 45 min a bolus dose of sodium oleate (50 mmol) was administered to the reservoir, followed by a constant infusion of 143 mmol/hr for 1 hr. Following the administration of oleate, taurocholate fu
b fell promptly by 55% (0.27–0.12). There was a relative increase of taurocholate C
b of 22.7% and a relative decrease in Cu
b of 45.4%, in accordance with the simulations (p<0.05). We conclude that important changes in unbound steady-state concentration, the pharmacologically active moiety, can occur upon changes in unbound fraction with compounds of intermediate hepatic intrinsic clearance.This study was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia. 相似文献
110.
P. W. L. Tas H. G. Kress K. Koschel 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》1989,76(2):99-107
Summary We have studied the ion flux through the sodium channels of low passage number (<50p.) and high passage number (>150p.) neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells using [14C] guanidinium and specific neurotoxins to induce channel opening and closing. The sodium channels of low passage number hybrid cells could be opened by veratridine alone, suggesting the presence of voltage dependent channels in agreement with electrophysiological studies reported in the literature. The sodium channels of the high passage number hybrid cells, however, needed the synergistic action of veratridine and scorpion toxin for activation suggesting that these channels are silent. The [14C] guanidinium ion flux through the sodium channels of the high passage number hybrid cells was inhibited by significantly lower concentrations of the volatile anesthetics (halothane, isoflurane and enflurane) and the lcoal anesthetics (tetracaine and bupivacaine) than the comparable flux through the sodium channels of the low passage number hybrid cells.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. E. Wecker on the occasion of his 65th birthday. 相似文献