基于混合域注意力机制和残差网络的特纳综合征分类研究

目的:利用人脸图像,构建基于深度学习的特纳综合征(Turner syndrome,TS)分类模型,旨在提高TS诊断准确率,降低诊断开销。方法:首先,将通道域注意力机制和空间域注意力机制以及残差结构相结合,提出一种具有混合域注意力模块的残差网络,然后使用深度迁移学习技术完成模型的初始化,最后使用TS人脸数据集对网络模型进行微调。结果:该模型对TS的分类准确率为0.9171。结论:所提出的TS分类模型优于现有TS识别方法,能更为有效地辅助TS的临床诊断。     

乳头括约肌小切开联合大气囊扩张在 肝外胆管大结石内镜治疗中的作用

目的 探讨乳头括约肌小切开联合大气囊扩张术在肝外胆管大结石内镜治疗中的安全性及有效性。方法 87例肝外胆管结石直径≥1.0 cm患者采用奇偶数法分为两组，奇数组43例接受乳头括约肌小切开联合大气囊扩张术取石治疗，偶数组44例接受乳头括约肌切开取石治疗，比较两组间结石取净率、取石次数、机械碎石率、结石嵌顿率、操作时间及早期并发症发生情况。结果 观察组4例出现高淀粉酶血症，3例出现轻症急性胰腺炎，并发症发生率为16.3%（7/43）；对照组中，有3例出现高淀粉酶血症，2例出现轻症急性胰腺炎，3例出血，并发症发生率为18.2%（8/44），差异无显著性（P >0.05），但出血率比较差异有显著性（P <0.05）。观察组结石取净率、结石嵌顿率、机械碎石率、二次取石率、操作时间分别为97.7%（42/43）、0%（0/43）、4.6%（2/43）、0%（0/43）及（35.2±5.2）min；对照组对应为97.7%（43/44）、6.8%（3/44）、18.1%（8/44）、13.6%（6/44）及（45.1±4.0）min，除结石取净率比较差异无显著性（P >0.05），其他4项比较差异均有显著性（P <0.05）。结论 乳头括约肌小切开联合大气囊扩张术在肝外胆管大结石内镜治疗中安全有效，操作简便。     

Laser Peening Process and Its Impact on Materials Properties in Comparison with Shot Peening and Ultrasonic Impact Peening

The laser shock peening (LSP) process using a Q-switched pulsed laser beam for surface modification has been reviewed. The development of the LSP technique and its numerous advantages over the conventional shot peening (SP) such as better surface finish, higher depths of residual stress and uniform distribution of intensity were discussed. Similar comparison with ultrasonic impact peening (UIP)/ultrasonic shot peening (USP) was incorporated, when possible. The generation of shock waves, processing parameters, and characterization of LSP treated specimens were described. Special attention was given to the influence of LSP process parameters on residual stress profiles, material properties and structures. Based on the studies so far, more fundamental understanding is still needed when selecting optimized LSP processing parameters and substrate conditions. A summary of the parametric studies of LSP on different materials has been presented. Furthermore, enhancements in the surface micro and nanohardness, elastic modulus, tensile yield strength and refinement of microstructure which translates to increased fatigue life, fretting fatigue life, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and corrosion resistance were addressed. However, research gaps related to the inconsistencies in the literature were identified. Current status, developments and challenges of the LSP technique were discussed.     

螺旋状套石篮辅助输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗单侧直径大于1厘米输尿管上段结石临床研究

目的探讨螺旋状套石篮辅助输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术(FURL)治疗单侧直径1.0 cm输尿管上段结石临床疗效及安全性。方法研究对象选取该院2012年1月-2015年12月收治的单侧直径1.0 cm输尿管上段结石患者共140例,以随机抽签法分为对照组(70例)和观察组(70例),分别采用FURL术单用和在此基础上加用螺旋状套石篮辅助治疗;比较两组患者围手术期临床指标、碎石成功率、结石清除率、结石上移率及术后并发症发生率等。结果观察组患者手术时间明显长于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者术中出血量和住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者碎石成功率和结石清除率均明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者结石上移率明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);同时两组患者术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论螺旋状套石篮辅助FURL术治疗单侧直径1.0 cm输尿管上段结石可有效提高结石清除效果,降低结石上移风险,且未增加术后并发症发生概率。     

Sleep disturbances: Core symptoms of major depressive disorder rather than associated or comorbid disorders

Depression is increasingly prevalent in Western countries. It has severe consequences and is associated with increased rates of disability, morbidity, and mortality. Despite numerous therapeutic options, a great number of depressed patients do not achieve full remission. In addition, despite good short-term outcomes, long-term therapeutic results remain disappointing and associated with a poor prognosis, raising significant concern in terms of public health. Impaired sleep – especially insomnia – may be at least partly responsible for this problem. Very close relationships between major depressive disorder (MDD) and sleep disorders have been observed. In particular, residual symptoms of sleep disturbance in a remitted patient may predict a relapse of the disease. However, most currently available antidepressants do not always take into consideration the sleep disturbances of depressed patients; some agents long used in clinical practice even appear to worsen them by their sleep-inhibiting properties. But some other new medications were shown to relieve early sleep disturbance in addition to alleviating other depression-related symptoms. This positive impact should promote compliance with medication and psychological treatments, and increase daytime performance and overall functioning. Complete remission of MDD appears therefore to depend on the relief of sleep disturbances, a core symptom of MDD that should be taken into consideration and treated early in depressed patients.     

Analysis and Comparison of Friction Stir Welding and Laser Assisted Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum Alloy

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process; i.e., no melting occurs. The welding process is promoted by the rotation and translation of an axis-symmetric non-consumable tool along the weld centerline. Thus, the FSW process is performed at much lower temperatures than conventional fusion welding, nevertheless it has some disadvantages. Laser Assisted Friction Stir Welding (LAFSW) is a combination in which the FSW is the dominant welding process and the laser pre-heats the weld. In this work FSW and LAFSW tests were conducted on 6 mm thick 5754H111 aluminum alloy plates in butt joint configuration. LAFSW is studied firstly to demonstrate the weldability of aluminum alloy using that technique. Secondly, process parameters, such as laser power and temperature gradient are investigated in order to evaluate changes in microstructure, micro-hardness, residual stress, and tensile properties. Once the possibility to achieve sound weld using LAFSW is demonstrated, it will be possible to explore the benefits for tool wear, higher welding speeds, and lower clamping force.     

An Embryonic Diapause-like Adaptation with Suppressed Myc Activity Enables Tumor Treatment Persistence

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膀胱软镜在复杂性肾结石开放手术中的应用

目的：探讨膀胱软镜在复杂性肾结石开放手术中的应用价值。方法：将膀胱软镜应用于复杂性肾结石开放手术中辅助结石取出及检查28例，术中经膀胱软镜探查，并配合钳夹冲洗肾盏切开等方法取出结石。结果：28例均获得成功，术后行B超及X片复查，仅2例结石残留。结论：肾多发结石开放手术中配合膀胱软镜检查可以提高手术成功率，减少结石残留率，减少对患者损伤，是一种安全有效的方法，同时还能对其他病变起到检查及治疗作用。