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Venlafaxine has potential as a therapeutic option for patients with depressive disorder, migraine, and pruritus unresponsive to antihistamines.  相似文献   
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Pruritus can be a debilitating symptom in patients with chronic cholestasis. Based on previous reports of its efficacy, we evaluated the impact of rifampin on the pruritus associated with primary biliary cirrhosis. Fourteen patients were included in a randomized, crossover study. After a 15-day washout period, subjects were followed for three weeks. During the first and third week, patients received 600 mg of rifampin or placebo; no treatment was administered during the second week. Pruritus was subjectively scored on a scale from 0 to 100. With rifampin, pruritus disappeared in 11 patients and partially improved in three; with placebo, only two had a partial response (P<0.001). Six patients with a prior poor or no response to cholestyramine improved with rifampin. No changes in biochemical tests or side effects were observed during this period. We conclude that short-term administration of rifampin relieves pruritus in primary biliary cirrhosis. When administered over a period of eight months in an open study, the relief of pruritus was maintained, while one individual developed an allergic reaction. Rifampin appears to be a safe drug in the management of the pruritus of primary biliary cirrhosis.  相似文献   
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目的研究辣椒素受体(VR1)在氯喹引起搔痒中的作用及机制。方法实验分4个部分,分别研究辣椒素受体拮抗剂辣椒平腹腔注射、局部应用辣椒素使VR1脱敏感、局部注射PKA抑制剂H89或PKC抑制剂bisindolylmaleimide Ⅰ、重复肥大细胞脱颗粒后颈背部注射氯喹200μg/100μl 30min内引起搔痒的次数,分为9小组,共使用6周龄C57BL/6J雄性小鼠63只。结果腹腔内注射辣椒平、局部应用辣椒素与重复肥大细胞脱颗粒均明显抑制氯喹引起的搔痒,而H89与BIM对氯喹引起的搔痒均无明显作用。结论氯喹通过肥大细胞脱颗粒引起搔痒,而辣椒素受体介导了氯喹引起的搔痒。  相似文献   
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Asero R 《Allergy》2000,55(7):678-679
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为比较不同方法治疗肛门瘙痒症的疗效及复发情况,将225例肛门瘙痒症患者随机分为3组,分别采用复方地塞米松软膏外涂(A组)、长效麻醉剂封闭加马应龙麝香痔疮膏外敷(B组)和长效麻醉刺封闭加肛周皮下神经“#”状切断术加马应龙麝香痔疮膏外敷(C组)治疗。结果显示,治疗2周后,A组总显效率为50.7%(38/75),B组总显效率为96.0%(72/75),C组总显效率为98.7%(74/75)。B、C组总显效率明显高于A组,P〈0.01;但B组与C组总显效率差异无统计学意义,P〉0.05。6个月后随访,A组复发41例(54.7%),B组复发14例(18.7%),C组复发4例(5.3%)。C组复发率最低,B组次之,A组最高,各组间差异均有统计学意义,P〈O.05。结果表明,长效麻醉剂封闭加肛周皮下神经“#”状切断术加马应龙麝香痔疮膏外敷治疗肛门瘙痒症疗效肯定,且复发率低。在常规保守治疗、封闭疗法尤效的情况下,可行肛周皮下神经“#”状切断。  相似文献   
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BACKGROUND: Uraemic pruritus (UP) is still one of the most vexing and disabling symptoms in chronic renal failure. The pathogenesis of UP is obscure and effective therapeutic strategies are elusive. Deduced from partial successful treatment modalities, there is evidence that an alteration of the immune system with a pro-inflammatory pattern along with a deranged T-helper-cell differentiation may be involved in the pathogenesis of UP. We, therefore, investigated whether UP is related to an augmented Th1-differentiation as measured by determination of intracytoplasmatic (i.c.) cytokines and expression of chemokine receptors. Additionally, pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined in serum. METHODS: In a multicentre study, 171 patients on haemodialysis (HD) were screened for UP. Finally, 13 HD patients with and 13 HD patients without UP, as well as 15 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and the proportion of Th1- and Th2-cells was determined by flow cytometry. The expression of chemokine receptors on CD4 cells (CXCR3 preferentially on Th1 and CCR4 on Th2) and i.c. cytokines (IFNgamma for Th1 and IL4 for Th2) were measured after in vitro stimulation. Serum cytokine levels (IL6 and TNFalpha) and CRP were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Compared to HD patients without UP, those complaining of UP showed a significantly enhanced proportion of Th1-cells as measured by both techniques. Additionally, serum CRP and IL6 levels were significantly higher in HD patients with UP, compared to HD patients without UP. CONCLUSIONS: These results point to a central role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of UP in HD patients.  相似文献   
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