术后早期康复锻炼处方对股骨颈骨折患者髋关节功能康复的影响

目的探讨术后早期康复锻炼处方在股骨颈骨折患者术后髋关节功能康复中的应用。方法将采用术后早期康复锻炼处方的40例股骨颈骨折患者设为观察组,将采用术后常规护理的40例股骨颈骨折患者设为对照组,比较2组术后的疼痛情况、康复积极性以及恢复情况。结果观察组术后1 d、3 d、5 d、7 d的疼痛评分低于对照组,术后康复积极性高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的住院时间短于对照组,术后髋关节功能评分、生活能力评分以及髋关节功能优良率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论术后早期康复锻炼处方能够提高股骨颈骨折患者术后康复锻炼的积极性,促进髋关节功能的恢复。     

股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗股骨转子间骨折疗效研究

目的探讨股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)对股骨转子间骨折的治疗效果。方法随机选择该院2012年12月至2014年12月收治的股骨转子间骨折患者100例,分为实验组和对照组两组,每组各50例。实验组给予PFNA治疗,对照组给予动力髋螺钉(DHS)治疗。比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果实验组术中出血量、手术时间、治疗有效率、术后并发症发生率等指标优于对照组(P0.05),围术期血红蛋白丢失量比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 PFNA治疗股骨转子间骨折并发症少,切口小,骨折愈合时间短,疗效更佳,值得临床推广应用,但需要重视及及时纠正术后隐性失血。     

Multiple organ failure (MOF) after severe trauma — A sheep model

Objective: To perform a reproducible long-term (10 days) large animal model of multiple systems organ failure without necessity of a continuous stimulus. Design: Adult female merino sheep submitted to a 5-day stimulation period followed by a 5-day observation period. Day 1: Hemorrhagic shock was combined with a traumatic surgical insult (reamed intramedullary femoral nailing), followed by serial administrations every 12 h for 5 days of a combination of endotoxin and zymosan activated plasma. Organ function was followed for 5 further days. Results: Cardiac index increased significantly during the study (day 1: 491 ± 8 mm Hg; day 10: 427 ± 20, p < 0.05). Liver function was impaired and bilirubin levels increased significantly (day 1: 2.9 ± 0.3 μmol/l; day 10: 7.2 ± 0.9; p < 0.05). Creatinine clearance decreased initially (day 1: 54 ± 7 ml/min), increased to a peak on day 2 (104 ± 27), and then deteriorated again (day 10: 53 ± 18). Conclusion: This new large animal model of trauma-induced MOF is reproducible and may be suitable for the study of new therapeutic approaches to therapy. Received: 15 September 1997 Accepted: 3 March 1998     

老年女性患者经桡动脉和股动脉途径行冠状动脉介入治疗的对比分析

目的评价老年女性患者经桡动脉和股动脉途径行PCI的安全性和临床效果。方法选择行PCI、年龄≥75岁的老年女性患者332例,按手术入径方式分为桡动脉组184例和股动脉组148例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料。冠状动脉造影检查显示,冠状动脉狭窄≥75%者行冠状动脉支架置入术。比较桡动脉和股动脉途径介入治疗临床疗效。结果 332例患者中有96例接受PCI,桡动脉组和股动脉组患者3支病变比率分别为39.7%和47.4%,分叉病变比率分别为60.3%和52.6%。与桡动脉组比较,股动脉组患者手术时间长,外周血管损伤明显增多(P0.05),术后观察时间及卧床时间明显延长,假性动脉瘤、下肢静脉血栓例数明显增多,穿刺动脉闭塞明显减少(P0.05)。结论老年女性患者自身病情复杂,选择桡动脉途径行PCI可以减少局部血管并发症,近期治疗风险小,病死率低,可取得较理想疗效。