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991.
The processes of cancer initiation, progression, and response to therapy are affected by the sex of cancer patients. Immunotherapy responses largely depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME), but how sex may shape some TME features, remains unknown. Here, we analyzed immune infiltration signatures across 19 cancer types from 1771 male and 1137 female patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas to evaluate how sex may affect the tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune scores, stromal scores, tumor purity, immune cells, immune checkpoint genes, and functional pathways in the TME. Pan‐cancer analyses showed higher TMB and tumor purity scores, as well as lower immune and stromal scores in male patients as compared to female patients. Lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous carcinoma, kidney papillary carcinoma, and head and neck squamous carcinoma showed the most significant sex biases in terms of infiltrating immune cells, immune checkpoint gene expression, and functional pathways. We further focused on lung adenocarcinoma samples in order to identify and validate sex‐specific immune cell biomarkers with prognostic potential. Overall, sex may affect the tumor microenvironment, and sex‐specific TME biomarkers may help tailor cancer immunotherapy in certain cancer types.  相似文献   
992.
BackgroundCell division control 42 (CDC42) regulates multiple processes of inflammation and/or immunity in autoimmune diseases and also relates to the treatment efficacy of biologic regimens clinically. This study aimed to explore the longitudinal change in CDC42 during infliximab (IFX) treatment and its correlation with IFX response in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.MethodsActive UC patients (N = 48) who received IFX were recruited, and their CDC42 expressions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were detected before treatment (W0) and at 12 weeks after treatment (W12) using RT‐qPCR. Also, CDC42 in PBMCs from UC patients with remission (N = 20) and health controls (HCs) (N = 20) were detected.ResultsCDC42 was reduced in active UC patients compared with UC patients with remission (p = 0.014) and HCs (p < 0.001). Besides, CDC42 was negatively correlated with CRP (p = 0.025), TNF‐α (p = 0.024), IL‐1β (p = 0.045), IL‐17A (p = 0.039), and Mayo score (p = 0.015) in active UC patients, but did not relate to ESR, disease duration, or IL‐6 (all p > 0.05), while CDC42 was only negatively related to CRP in UC patients with remission (p = 0.046). Interestingly, CDC42 was increased at W12 after IFX treatment in active UC patients (p < 0.001). Specifically, CDC42 was elevated during treatment in active UC patients with IFX response (p < 0.001), but did not obviously change in those without IFX response (p = 0.061). Furthermore, CDC42 at W12 was higher in active UC patients with IFX response compared with those without IFX response (p = 0.049).ConclusionCell division control 42 serves as a potential biomarker for monitoring disease progression and IFX response in UC patients.  相似文献   
993.
萸黄连为“相反为制”改变饮片药性的代表性炮制品之一,首载于《韩氏医通》,炮制方法为吴茱萸汁与净黄连拌匀闷润后炒干即得,即通过吴茱萸制黄连在保留黄连泻火解毒功效的基础上降低了黄连的苦寒之性,使黄连寒而不滞,可清气分湿热,对肝气犯胃、呕吐吞酸等病症有良好疗效。作为相反为制、药汁制的代表品种,萸黄连饮片收录于2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》和多个地方炮制规范中,其炮制工艺研究及优选一直备受关注。现代研究表明,萸黄连除含有小檗碱、药根碱、巴马汀等黄连中的成分外,还含有吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱、柠檬苦素等吴茱萸中的成分,具有抗炎、抗菌、抗肿瘤等药理活性。该文对近20年萸黄连相关的研究报道进行整理归纳,从萸黄连的炮制历史及工艺、药效药性、质量评价和临床应用等方面进行综述,发现萸黄连在各省市炮制规范收载的炮制方法及标准差异较大,主要涉及吴茱萸汁的制备方法、吴茱萸汁的用量和炮制终点的判断标准等方面;此外,不同研究期间萸黄连炮制前后主要成分的变化情况差异较大,推测与萸黄连的炮制工艺和质量标准不同有关。该综述可为完善萸黄连的质量评价体系提供参考。  相似文献   
994.
黄超  蒋华  袁晔 《国际眼科杂志》2007,7(6):1574-1576
目的:探讨在实验室模拟远程运输状态下机械振动对改良后甘油长期保存兔角膜内皮细胞(CEC)活性的影响。方法:通过改良后的甘油保存角膜的方法,实验室中保存兔角膜片3mo,实验室用摇床模拟远程运输环境,结合实际按不同时间、不同振动强度进行分组,分别进行CEC活性染色并行实验性PKP术,对比各组间模拟运输对角膜内皮的影响。结果:实验条件下观察指标并不随振动强度和时间变化,组间各项指标差异无显著性。结论:实验室模拟远程投送对甘油长期保存兔角膜的CEC无显著性影响。  相似文献   
995.
目的 观察半夏泻心汤加味治疗胃强脾滞证儿童单纯性肥胖症的临床疗效及安全性。方法 采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的研究方法,将78例单纯性肥胖症胃强脾滞证患儿随机分为观察组和对照组(每组39例),在饮食运动干预的基础上,观察组给予半夏泻心汤加味,对照组给予安慰剂。两组均治疗2月后比较中医证候疗效、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、臀围、肥胖度和可视化食欲量表指标改善情况,并观察其安全性。结果 治疗后,观察组有效率为88.89%(32/36),对照组有效率为77.14%(27/35),观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(Z=-2.301,P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,治疗2个月后,两组患儿体质量、BMI、腰围、臀围、肥胖度均明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。观察组患儿中医证候积分、可视化食欲量表各指标均明显降低(P<0.05);对照组患儿除贪食多食外,其余中医证候积分均明显降低(P<0.05),进食欲望、饥饿感、意愿进食数量积分均明显降低(P<0.05),而饱胀感积分治疗前后差异无统计学意义。与对照组治疗后比较,观察组中医证候总积分、主证及次证各项积分、体质量、BMI、腰围、臀围、肥胖度、进食欲望、饥饿感、意愿进食数量均明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),但饱胀感积分差异无统计学意义。治疗前后未发现与试验药物有关的不良反应。结论 半夏泻心汤加味能有效降低胃强脾滞证单纯性肥胖症患儿的体质量、BMI、腰围、臀围和肥胖度,改善肥胖患儿体型及临床症状,并提高其治疗疗效及依从性,临床应用安全。  相似文献   
996.
Stroke is the UK's fourth highest cause of death and an estimated 300,000 people in England are living with related disability. This paper explores the six‐month review (6MR), a policy initiative that aimed to ameliorate unmet need. A multiple case study approach underpinned by critical realism was used to elicit the views of patients, carers, providers and commissioners across three sites using interviews, observations and documentation. Forty‐six patients (age range 28–91 years), 30 carers and 28 professionals were interviewed between December 2015 and October 2016. Twenty‐nine reviews were observed. Data was analysed thematically across sites. 6MRs carried out by stroke nurse specialists (SNSs) were found to be more medically orientated than those completed by a Stroke Association (SA) co‐ordinator who focused on social issues. Reviewers regarded reviews primarily as an opportunity to address unmet need and signpost to further services. Patients responded in three different ways: proactive and engaged, reflected an active orientation to recovery and self‐management; proactive and self‐managing on their own terms, encompassed patients who were striving for independence but took their own approach sometimes at odds with that of clinicians; and passive orientation, whereby patients did not engage in rehabilitation or self‐management. Patients identified different priorities to those of reviewers, particularly those with other long‐term conditions and this appeared to contribute to the dissatisfaction that some expressed. In conclusion, there was little evidence that the 6MR played a key role in recovery. Locally defined outcomes for the 6MR reflecting national policy were not substantiated by the findings. Our findings suggest that the 6MR should review therapy goals and facilitate patient‐led goals. Reviewers should be allowed the freedom to individualise the process rather than adhering to a rigid framework dictated by national policy and local protocols.  相似文献   
997.
沈阳市人大、市政府高度重视《中华人民共和国母婴保健法》和《辽宁省母婴保健条例》的贯彻实施,认真抓好宣传工作,建立起一支高素质的执法队伍,加强监督执法的力度,清理整顿了母婴保健技术服务市场,使该市的妇幼卫生工作向法制化管理迈出了一大步  相似文献   
998.
介绍了自制的一体化喷淋式饱和结晶器,通过对试验条件的测试及硫酸铵结晶产品的检验,验证了设备的可靠性及最佳工作条件。通过实验得到工程化运行的相关参数、产品质量及运行中可能出现问题的解决方案。  相似文献   
999.
目的于2006至2009年间对中俄黑龙江、内蒙古双边11个口岸地区的鼠形动物进行本底调查。方法 5 m夹夜法、弓形夹法及电弧捕鼠器捕捉法。结果编著中俄双边11个口岸鼠形动物名录。结论该名录为中俄口岸公共卫生及鼠传疾病的防治提供本底资料。  相似文献   
1000.
宫玉典  刘文娟  冯植 《现代医院》2006,6(6):122-123
论述实施科主任领导下的责任医师负责制指导思想,介绍科主任领导下的责任医师负责制奖金核算内容、实施方法、主要步骤和工作成效。指出发挥好责任医师作用,对构建和谐医患关系很有必要。  相似文献   
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