Chlorhexidine mouthwash as an adjunct to mechanical therapy in chronic periodontitis: A meta-analysis

Background

Through a systematic literature review, the authors evaluated the use of chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash as an adjunct to mechanical periodontal therapy for chronic periodontitis.

益口含漱液预防扁桃体术后创面感染之疗效观察

目的探讨益口含漱液对扁桃体摘除术后创面感染的影响。方法分别用益口含漱液(观察组)和硼酸漱口液(对照组)对扁桃体摘除术后患者进行含漱,观察患者创面肿胀、疼痛、创面愈合率、平均住院时间。结果观察组平均创面愈合时间(以创面白膜脱落为观察依据)(5.50±0.75)天,对照组为(7.65±0.84)天;创面肿胀、疼痛比例观察组为15/40,对照组为31/40;平均住院时间观察组为(8.20±1.24)天,对照组为(10.40±1.56)天,观察组的疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论益口含漱液漱口可有效促进创面愈合,降低创面感染率。     

Folate mouthwash: effects on established gingivitis in periodontal patients

A double blind study was designed to determine the effects of folate mouthwash (MW) on established gingivitis in non-pregnant adults. 60 subjects who had greater than 20 teeth, visible gingival inflammation around greater than 6 teeth, no complicated medical history, currently not receiving periodontal treatment or medication, and not wearing dentures, were randomly assigned to control or experimental groups. Full mouth assessment included plaque scores, gingival colour changes, bleeding tendency around every tooth and experience of disease and local factors. Subjects used 5 ml of MW twice daily for 4 weeks, rinsing for 1 min before expectorating. Experimental MW contained 5 mg folate per 5 ml. The control group used a placebo MW. A detailed 3-day diet record was kept by each subject. The oral examination was repeated after 4 weeks. Initially, groups were similar except that the experimental group exhibited more bleeding sites at the outset, but after 4 weeks, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in mean number of colour change sites (from 70.17 +/- 12.89 to 56.62 +/- 17.42) and in bleeding sites (from 48.59 +/- 24.28 to 29.28 +/- 19.64) compared with control group (colour: from 66.93 +/- 15.27 to 66.20 +/- 18.83; bleeding: from 36.93 +/- 16.96 to 39.47 +/- 16.67) p less than 0.001. Dietary analysis showed that few subjects ate greater than 200 micrograms folate daily. However, the level of dietary folate did not correlate with changes in inflammation in experimental subjects, r = 0.097. Folate MW appears to have an influence on gingival health through local rather than systemic influence.     

Optimal rinsing time for intra-oral distribution (spread) of mouthwashes

AIM: To investigate the intra-oral spread of an erythrosine mouthwash in relation to the rinsing period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty subjects were randomly divided into two equal groups and asked to rinse with 10 ml erythrosine mouthwash for cumulative periods of 15, 30 and 60 s (Group I) and 30, 60 and 90 s (Group II). Each rinsing session was followed by new plaque measurements. After rinsing plaque was finally assessed using the erythrosine mouthwash applied by means of a cotton swab. RESULTS: In Group I there was a difference observed between the 15 s rinsing period and those of 30 and 60 s. Explorative analysis for Group I suggested that differences in both jaws and approximal sites on both vestibular and lingual surfaces appeared to have contributed to the overall difference seen between 15 and 30 s rinsing periods. Also, pre-molars and front teeth seem to have contributed to this observed difference. No differences were noted between rinsing sessions and cotton swab application for Group II or Groups I+II combined. CONCLUSIONS: Rinsing for 30 s appeared to be sufficient for all plaque-covered surfaces of the dentition to come into contact with the mouthwash.     

含粒细胞集落刺激因子的漱口水预防化疗后口腔黏膜炎的疗效观察

目的 观察含粒细胞集落刺激因子的复方漱口水预防白血病患儿口腔黏膜炎的疗效.方法 选取西安交通大学第一附属医院2014年1月至2016年1月期间收治的白血病患儿40例,随机分为实验组和对照组.对照组20例患儿化疗后给予维生素B12及亚叶酸钙复方漱口水预防口腔黏膜炎,实验组20例患儿给予重组人粒细胞刺激因子注射液(瑞白)联合维生素B12及亚叶酸钙复方漱口水预防口腔黏膜炎,观察两组患儿口腔黏膜炎的发生率及愈合时间.结果 对照组有10例患儿发生不同程度的口腔黏膜炎,其中Ⅰ级3例,Ⅱ级4例,Ⅲ级2例,Ⅳ级1例;实验组仅有3例发生Ⅰ级口腔黏膜炎,两组患儿口腔黏膜炎的发生率比较有显著性差异(χ2=6.415,P<0.05).对照组患儿口腔黏膜炎愈合时间为13±3天,实验组愈合时间为6±2天,两组比较有显著性差异(t=8.682,P<0.05).结论 含粒细胞集落刺激因子的复方漱口水可有效地预防白血病患儿的口腔黏膜炎,并缩短口腔黏膜炎的愈合时间.     

Change in surface hardness of enamel by a cola drink and a CPP-ACP paste

OBJECTIVES: This in vitro study used surface microhardness to evaluate whether a paste containing casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) can reharden tooth enamel softened by a cola drink, and how different saliva-substitute solutions affect the enamel hardness. METHODS: Twenty-four bovine incisors, each tooth consisting of treatment and control halves, were immersed in a cola drink (Coke) for 8 min, then placed under a 0.4 mL/min drip with various saliva-substitute solutions. The saliva-substitute solutions were: saliva-like solution (SLS) with 1 ppm fluoride, SLS without fluoride, and Biotene mouthwash. CPP-ACP paste was applied to the treatment halves for 3 min at 0, 8, 24, and 36 h. Knoop microhardness measurements were performed at baseline, after the cola drink immersion, and after 24 and 48 h contact with saliva-substitute solution. RESULTS: Enamel hardness significantly decreased after immersion in cola drink (ANOVA, p<0.05). After contact with saliva-like solutions for 48 h, those treated with CPP-ACP paste were significantly harder than those untreated regardless of the presence of 1 ppm fluoride in the saliva-like solution (ANOVA, p<0.05). Biotene mouthwash significantly softened the enamel surface (ANOVA, p<0.05). Two-way ANOVA showed significant effects of the CPP-ACP paste application and types of saliva-substitute solutions on the changes in surface hardness of the softened enamel at a significance level of 0.05. CONCLUSION: The application of CPP-ACP paste with continuous replenishment of saliva-like solution for 48 h significantly hardened enamel softened by a cola drink. Biotene mouthwash softened enamel surface after 48 h contact.