金荞麦提取物抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭、转移和HT-1080细胞产生Ⅳ型胶原酶的研究

目的探讨金荞麦提取物对肿瘤细胞侵袭和转移的影响。方法以人工重组基底膜及小鼠黑色素瘤高转移株自发性肺转移模型观察了金荞麦提取物对Ｂ１６－ＢＬ６细胞的体外抗侵袭活性和体内抗转移作用；用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法进一步观察了其对人纤维肉瘤ＨＴ－１０８０细胞Ⅳ型胶原酶的产生及活性的影响；同时用ＷＳＴ法观察了该药的细胞毒性。结果金荞麦提取物在１００ｍｇＬ－１剂量下能明显抑制Ｂ１６－ＢＬ６细胞侵袭；在２００ｍｇｋｇ－１剂量下能有效抑制Ｂ１６－ＢＬ６黑色素瘤细胞在Ｃ５７／ＢＬ６小鼠体内自发性肺转移。该药对Ｂ１６－ＢＬ６和ＨＴ－１０８０细胞无明显细胞毒作用。该药能抑制ＨＴ－１０８０细胞Ⅳ胶原酶的产生，但对酶的活性无明显影响。结论金荞麦提取物具有明显的抗癌侵袭和转移的作用。     

Role for glucose transporter 1 protein in human breast cancer

Glycolysis is increased in cancer cells compared with normal cells. It has been shown that glucose enters cells via a family of five functional glucose transporters (GLUT). However, GLUT expression appears to be altered in human breast cancer, which may serve as a selective advantage and facilitate the metastatic potential of these cells. The relationship of GLUT isoform expression and breast cancer cell invasiveness has not been adequately addressed. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether an association exists between GLUT expression and human breast cancer cell invasiveness. Invasiveness of the human breast cancer lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-231 was measured using anin vitro assay and compared with cellular GLUT isoform expression, assessed by Western blot analysis and verified by immunohistochemistry in a poorly differentiated human ductal breast cancer. Cell surface GLUT-1 expression was associated with the invasive ability of MCF-7 (2.0 ± 0.02%), MDA-MB-435 (6.4 ±0.4%), and MDA-MB-231 (19.3 ± 2.0%). However, GLUT-2 and GLUT-5 were inversely associated with invasiveness; GLUT-3 expression was variable; and GLUT-4 was undetected. In a poorly differentiated human ductal breast cancer,in situ GLUT-1 staining was intense. GLUT-1 expression was associated with the in vitro invasive ability of human breast cancer cells which was validatedin situ. If this relationship is found to exist in a larger number of human breast cancer tissues, it may be possible to develop diagnostic and therapeutic strategies based on targeted GLUT isoform expression.     

Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌中血管和淋巴管浸润与预后的关系

 为评价Ⅰ、Ⅱ期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中血管浸润(BVI)和淋巴管浸润(LVI)的预后意义,随访76例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期NSCLC病人,HE切片中组织学观察各例NSCLC中的BVI和LVI,Pearsonx²检验分析组间差异,Kaplan－Meier乘积限法和Cox比例风险模型用于生存分析。病人平均年龄56.0岁±8.2岁,中位随访时间为51个月,3年、5年总体生存率分别为68％和64％;BVI(＋)占28％,LVI(＋)占0.7％,BVI(＋)/或LVI(十)占34％;单变量生存分析显示:BVI而非LVI与生存差显著相关(x²=8.66,p=0.003);Cox回归多变量分析显示:脉管浸润(p=0.003)和淋巴结状况(p=0.01)是影响总体生存的独立预后因素。本研究提示:脉管浸润是评价Ⅰ、Ⅱ期NSCLC病人预后重要的病理因素。     

Carcinoma of the cervix: Value of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in assessing early stromal invasion

Background The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (dynamic MR imaging) in the evaluation of preinvasive and early invasive cancer of the cervix. Methods Twenty-nine women with untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with either no stromal invasion or early stromal invasion underwent pretreatment MR imaging and dynamic MR imaging within 4 weeks of surgical evaluation. The images were evaluated for tumor detection and compared with results of histologic examination of the surgical specimens. Results The lesions in 17 cases with histologically proven stromal invasion of 4 mm or greater were detected with dynamic MR imaging, whereas lesions in only 8 of these cases were detected with T2 imaging. In 9 cases with stromal invasion between 4.0 mm and 5.0 mm, lesions were represented as early phase focal enhancement on dynamic MR images, but not detected on T2-weighted images. In the 12 cases with less than 4 mm stromal invasion, no lesions were visualized on either T2-weighted images or dynamic MR images, except in 1 case of glandular involvement without stromal invasion that appeared as enhancement on early-phase dynamic MR imaging. Conclusion Dynamic MR imaging detected more lesions of early stromal invasion in pretreatment imaging for cervical cancer than nonenhanced MR imaging.     

人参皂苷Rg3抗人肝癌细胞株侵袭和转移的实验研究

目的:探讨人参皂苷Rg3抗人肝癌细胞侵袭和转移的作用及其相关机制。方法:选择人类肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721细胞和建株人脐静脉内皮细胞株ECV304作为研究对象,通过细胞抑制实验(MTT法)、细胞粘附试验和免疫组化方法系统地观察人参皂苷Rg3体外对SMMC-7721细胞及ECV304细胞生长的抑制作用、SMMC-7721细胞与纤维粘连蛋白(FN)粘附以及表达nm23、CD44、VEGF基因蛋白的影响。结果:人参皂苷Rg3能够显著地抑制肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721细胞及内皮细胞株ECV304的生长,抑制SMMC-7721细胞与FN粘附及CD44、VEGF的表达,而增强nm23基因的表达。结论:人参皂苷Rg3具有抗人肝癌细胞侵袭和转移的作用,机制可能与其能够抑制肝癌细胞侵袭活力、调节与肝癌细胞侵袭与转移密切相关的基因表达和抗肿瘤血管形成有关。     

胃癌组织中肝素酶mRNA的表达

目的探讨肝素酶mRNA在胃腺癌组织中的表达情况及其与临床病理学参数的关系。方法采用半定量RT-PCR检测36例胃腺癌组织及11例正常胃黏膜组织中肝素酶mRNA表达水平。结果HPAmRNA阳性表达与胃癌的浆膜浸润和淋巴结转移成正相关(P<0·05),与胃癌患者的性别、年龄、大体类型及肿瘤发生部位无关(P>0·05)。结论HPA可能是胃癌侵袭转移的重要生物学标记,并可作为判断胃癌预后的指标之一。     

Cell-cell adhesion molecules and signaling intermediates and their role in the invasive potential of prostate cancer cells

PURPOSE: The highly variable natural history of prostate carcinoma may be reflected in heterogeneity of invasive potential between tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have examined two prostate cancer cell lines of low invasive potential (CAHPV10 and PZHPV7) and three cell lines of high invasive potential (DU-145, PC-3, LNCapFGC), to determine whether specific adhesion molecule profiles correlated with their invasive behavior. RESULTS: Using an in vitro invasion assay, we demonstrated that DU-145, LNCapFGC and PC-3 cells were highly invasive compared with CA-HPV-10 and PZ-HPV-7 cells. LNCapFGC cells expressed high levels of E-cadherin, alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin, desmoglein, desmoplakin and GSK3beta using immunoblotting. This was, in general, comparable to immunohistochemical staining. PC-3 cells had no E-cadherin or alpha-catenin, but expressed a high level of the HGF/SF receptor c-Met. In contrast, DU-145 cells were found to express E-cadherin and low levels for all other protein molecules, except c-Met. The DU-145 cell line also lacked alpha-catenin expression. In CA-HPV-10 and PZ-HPV-7 cells, there was no detection of APC, PECAM-1, P-cadherin or Wnt-1. DU-145, LNCapFGC and PC-3 cells formed cell-cell aggregates, which were reduced by inclusion of anti-E-cadherin antibody and the motogen HGF/SF. CONCLUSION: These results show that prostate cancer cells exhibit a diverse expression of cell-cell adhesion molecules and their signaling intermediates. The expression of these adhesion molecules bears an important relationship with the invasive phenotype of these cells.     

卵巢上皮癌组织中MT1-MMP的表达及意义

目的　探讨膜型基质金属蛋白酶 - 1(membranetype - 1matrixmetalloproteinase,MT1-MMP)在卵巢上皮癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤生物学行为和预后的关系。方法　用免疫组化SP法检测 5 6例卵巢上皮癌组织、 15例卵巢良性肿瘤组织以及 10例正常卵巢组织中MT1-MMP蛋白的表达。结果　 6 7 9%的卵巢上皮癌组织MT1-MMP表达阳性 ,卵巢良性肿瘤组织很少表达 (4/ 15 ) ,正常卵巢组织中几乎不表达 (1/ 10 ) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。MT1-MMP的表达水平与临床分期、组织学分级以及淋巴结转移密切相关。在单因素生存分析中 ,MT1-MMP的表达与患者预后不良有关。但是 ,在多因素分析中 ,MT1-MMP的表达并不是一个相对独立的预后因素。结论　①MT1-MMP在卵巢上皮癌中异常高表达 ;②MT1-MMP表达促进卵巢癌的侵袭和转移 ,可作为判断卵巢癌恶性表型的有用指标 ;③MT1-MMP的阳性表达与患者不良预后有关。     

Histopathologic parameters of prognosis in cervical cancer – a review

Apart from clinical stage and lymph node status, acknowledged to be among the most powerful predictors of outcome in cervical cancer, the determination of prognosis and thereby the need for adjuvant therapy in surgically treated patients currently relies on a variety of histopathologic factors. The role of many of these is controversial. This may be because histopathology is genuinely lacking in sensitivity for predicting tumor behavior in vivo. There is, however, wide variation in histopathologic definitions and criteria. This is probably the major reason for both the lack of reproducibility in the reporting of certain factors and in their diminished value in predicting behavior. Tumor type, grade, vascular invasion, pattern of invasion, and depth are all extremely important prognostic indicators when used individually or as a part of a scoring system.     

入侵红火蚁对我国生态环境的威胁及防制措施

入侵红火蚁入侵我国之后,可能会给我国生态环境带来极大的危害。其不断蔓延有可能成为我国农业生态和人民财产健康的威胁。本文主要介绍了红火蚁在全球生物入侵的基本情况,根据东西半球生物类型逐渐趋同的原理,借鉴美国等国家的经验,分析了红火蚁对生态环境的威胁,以及红火蚁的防制措施等相关国内外的研究。