Impact of Perioperative Pain Control on Knee Range of Motion and Development of Arthrofibrosis Following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty

BackgroundInadequate pain control following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been postulated to negatively impact knee range of motion (ROM). We sought to determine the association between perioperative pain levels and knee ROM at 3-month follow-up or need for manipulation under anesthesia (MUA).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 2243 primary TKAs performed from 2002 to 2019 at a single academic center using an institutional total joint registry. Mean age was 68, mean body mass index was 32.8, and 59% were female. Knee ROM was measured preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Change in knee ROM, rates of soft tissue contracture, and MUA were assessed in relation to in-hospital 10-point pain visual analog scale (VAS) measurements.ResultsOverall, 44% had improved ROM at 3-month follow-up, 29% had no change in ROM, and 27% had worsened ROM. There was no significant difference in mean VAS scores of patients with improved, unchanged, or worsened ROM postoperatively (3.0 vs 2.8 vs 3.0; P = .068). There was no significant difference in mean VAS scores of patients who developed a soft tissue contracture or required MUA vs those who did not develop these complications (2.7 vs 2.9; P = .24). Similarly, no significant relationship with these outcomes was identified when maximum and discharge VAS scores were analyzed.ConclusionComparable ROM and rates of MUA based on in-hospital pain levels were observed in this large series of primary TKA patients. While significant early pain may limit participation in ROM exercises initially, this does not appear to have a marked impact on ROM-related complications for most patients.Level of EvidenceIII, Therapeutic.     

Knee Flexion Angle Following Total Knee Arthroplasty Relates to a Preoperative Range of Motion of the Hip

BackgroundMany factors have been reported to affect postoperative range of knee flexion after total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, no study has reported the impact of preoperative range of motion of the hip to the postoperative flexion angle of the knee thus far.MethodsOf 38 consecutive patients who underwent posterior-stabilized TKA, we assessed 21 patients after excluding 17 patients who met exclusion criteria. The range of motion of the knee and the hip, age, body-mass index, serum albumin level, HbA1c, Kellgren–Lawrence grade, knee extension strength and radiological femorotibial angle as well as postoperative knee flexion angle at three months were evaluated. The preoperative data and the knee flexion angle at three months after TKA were compared using Spearman''s rank correlation coefficient.ResultsKnee flexion angle at three months after TKA was positively correlated with preoperative flexion (ρ = 0.616, p = 0.007) and external rotation angle (ρ = 0.576, p = 0.012) of the hip as well as preoperative knee flexion angle (ρ = 0.797, p = 0.001). There were no correlations between postoperative knee flexion angle and other preoperative data.ConclusionsPatients with restricted flexion and/or external rotation of the hip may have contractures of Gluteus maximus, Gluteus medius and Tensor fasciae latae, which can cause hypertension of iliotibial tract. It may cause decreased internal rotation of the tibia when the knee is flexed, which affects postoperative knee flexion angle, thus limited flexion and/or external rotation of the hip might restrict knee flexion angle following TKA.     

Range of motion of foot joints following total ankle replacement and subtalar fusion

BackgroundIn severe cases of ankle and subtalar arthritis, arthrodesis of the subtalar joint is performed in combination with ankle arthroplasty. In these special cases gait analysis reveals real motion at the replaced tibiotalar joint.MethodsTwenty-three patients affected by ankle and subtalar arthritis, treated either with a 3-component or a 2-component prosthesis in combination with subtalar arthrodesis, were clinically evaluated preoperatively and at a minimum of 1-year follow-up. Gait analysis was performed postoperatively using a multi-segment foot protocol. Foot kinematics were compared to corresponding data from a healthy control group.ResultsClinical scores significantly improved from preoperative to follow-up. The clinically measured passive ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion significantly improved at the follow-up. Patients’ normalized walking speed and stride length were significantly lower than those in control. With exception of the ankle frontal-plane motion, sagittal-plane mobility of foot joints was about 50% than that in healthy joints.ConclusionsImprovement in clinical scores was found for both prostheses. Normal spatio-temporal parameters were not restored. In these patients, fusion of the subtalar joint appeared to be compensated by larger frontal-plane motion at the tibiotalar joint.Level of evidenceLevel III- retrospective comparative study.The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee as protocol MAT (protocol registration at clinicaltrials.gov NCT03356951).     

不同b值条件下心脏体素内不相干运动成像相关参数的一致性

目的观察不同b值条件下心脏体素内不相干运动(IVIM)成像相关参数的一致性。方法对30名健康志愿者行左心室中间部IVIM扫描,以双指数模型获取IVIM参数值慢速表观弥散系数(ADCslow)、快速ADC(ADCfast)及灌注分数f。比较9个b值(0、20、50、80、100、120、200、300、500 s/mm^2)与7个b值(0、20、80、100、200、300、500 s/mm^2)条件下所测参数值的差异,采用组内相关系数(ICC)分析2名医师测量参数结果的一致性,以Bland-Altman检验分析不同b值条件下所测参数的一致性。结果9个与7个b值条件下ADCslow、ADCfast及f差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),且2名医师测量IVIM参数的组内及组间一致性均较好(ICC均≥0.66,P均<0.05)。Bland-Altman图显示,9个与7个b值时ADCslow的平均偏差为-0.07×10-3 mm^2/s,一致性界限(-1.87,1.73);ADCfast的平均偏差1.57×10-3 mm^2/s,一致性界限(-72.64,75.77);f的平均偏差1.17%,一致性界限(-13.45,15.79)。结论9个与7个b值条件下心脏IVIM成像各参数值的一致性较好。     

Isolated comminuted trapezium fracture: A case report and literature review

Introduction and importanceTrapezium, as a carpal bone positioned at the distal row, is often associated with other wrist injuries such as distal radius fracture. Isolated trapezium fracture, especially in a comminuted form, rarely occurs. There are only six reports of isolated comminuted trapezium fractures in the literature to the best of our knowledge.Case presentationWe present a case with an isolated comminuted trapezium fracture presenting pain in his thenar eminence and thumb motion limitation. He was treated by Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) with the K wire pin.Clinical discussionWe searched the published related studies and summarized the signs and symptoms of patients presented with trapezium fracture. The most common presentation of trapezial fracture include pain/tenderness at the base of the first metacarpal bone, pain/tenderness at the snuffbox area and 1st digit motion limitation. The treatment options described in the literature for isolated comminuted trapezium fracture are also presented. Open reduction and fixation with pin is the most common treatment mentioned in the literature. The priority is restoring the scaphotrapezial and trapeziometacarpal joint congruency to save the 1st digit range of motion.ConclusionComminuted trapezial fracture may happen following either low energy (like our patient) or high energy trauma. This paper highlights the fact that even a comminuted trapezium fracture can be easily missed. Regardless of the trauma mechanism (high energy versus low energy trauma), a high index of suspicion and delicate work up would be necessary in order not to miss this type of fracture.     

运动对骨骼－肌腱界面愈合组织的影响

利用纽西兰兔作体内实验，来分析手术后石膏固定，笼内活动，连续被动性活动三种不同的复健方法对肌腱－骨骼间界面愈合组织的影响。结果显示在术后第１５天愈合组织所能承受的最大张力，笼内活动组为０．８７５ｋｇ，石膏固定组为２．０１４ｋｇ，是笼内活动组的２３１．５２％，而连续被动性活动组为２．６３８ｋｇ，是笼内活动组的２６１．３５％。石膏固定组虽有很高的张力，但关节内粘连也较多。     

Antimotion effect of nooglutyl and its neuronal mechanism

Experiments on rats demonstrate that nooglutyl exhibits pronounced vestibular-protective properties and by its antimotion activity does not rank below classic vestibular protectors, such as scopolamine and diprazine. Electrophysiological experiments on cats show that nooglutyl alters spontaneous activity in 80% of cortical neurons (somatosensory zone I and area 5 of the parietal association cortex) and considerably weakens effects caused by motion sickness: activation of single unit activity of somatosensory zone I and inhibition of neuron responses to somatic stimulation. This property of the preparation is believed to form the basis of its antimotion effect. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, No. 5, pp. 515–516, May, 1995 Presented by P. V. Sergeev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences