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101.
Nitric Oxide (NO) shows a dualism in thepathogenesis of glaucoma:in one side,NO can im-prove outflow facility of aqueous humor and dropintraocular pressure (IOP) ;on the other side,ithas direct toxic effect on retinal ganglion cell[1] .Our preveious studies demonstrated,in some ex-tent,pressure could induce inducible nitric oxidesynthase(i NOS) m RNA expression,so to increase NOS synthesis and NO level[2 ] .In this experimentwe discussed the effects of NO on the proliferationand apopto… 相似文献
102.
Nitric oxide: basic science and clinical applications 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
103.
The relaxant effects of electrical field stimulation (EFS) and exogenously applied acetylcholine (ACh) or acidified NaNO2 (a-NaNO2) were investigated in the isolated mouse corpus cavernosum precontracted with phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE). Tetrodotoxin (TTX) blocked the relaxant effects of EFS completely, whereas it had no effect on the responses to ACh or a-NaNO2. Guanethidine and indomethacin failed to affect the electrically or ACh-induced relaxations. Atropine completely blocked the effect of ACh; however, it caused a slight reduction in the relaxation evoked by EFS.N
G- Nitro-l-arginine (l-NOARG) reduced the effects of EFS and ACh significantly, but it was ineffective on the relaxations induced by a-NaNO2. The inhibitory action ofl-NOARG was partly restored byl-arginine, but not byd-arginine. Methylene blue (MB) and hydroxocobalamin (HC) exhibited significant inhibition on the relaxations evoked by EFS, ACh and a-NaNO2. Hydroquinone (HQ) reduced relaxation due to a-NaNO2, but did not affect that of EFS and ACh. Our findings suggest that EFS-induced relaxations of mouse cavernosal tissue are mediated by a transmitter which probably resembles an organic nitrate. 相似文献
104.
Nitric oxide is not involved in the initiation of insulin secretion from rat islets of Langerhans 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
P. M. Jones S. J. Persaud T. Bjaaland J. D. Pearson S. L. Howell 《Diabetologia》1992,35(11):1020-1027
Summary The involvement of nitric oxide as an intracellular messenger in the control of insulin secretion from pancreatic Beta cells was studied in rat islets of Langerhans by measuring: (i) nitric oxide generation in response to physiological insulin secretagogues; (ii) the effects of inhibitors of nitric oxide synthesis on insulin secretory responses to physiological secretagogues, and on insulin synthesis; (iii) changes in islet cyclic guanosine monophosphate in response to secretagogues; (iv) the effects of exogenous cyclic guanosine monophosphate and dibutyryl cyclic guanosine monophosphate on insulin secretion from electrically permeabilised islets and from intact islets, respectively. These studies produced no evidence that nitric oxide generation is required for the initiation of insulin secretion by common secretagogues. However, the results of our experiments suggest that the generation of nitric oxide may be involved in long-term, glucose-dependent increases in cyclic guanosine monophosphate content of islet cells, although the physiological relevance of these changes requires further investigation. 相似文献
105.
T. BICHEL MD I. SPAHR-SCHOPFER MD M. BERNER MD E. JAEGGI MD Y. VELKOVSKI MD B. FRIEDLI MD A. KALANGOS PhD MD B. FAIDUTTI MD & J.-C. ROUGE MD 《Paediatric anaesthesia》1997,7(4):335-339
Two cases of very difficult weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass after cardiac surgery in children with pulmonary hypertension and ventricular dysfunction are reported. Children fail to respond to conventional therapy combining nitrovasodilators and inotropic support and react successfully to combined inhaled nitric oxide (NO) and epinephrine or left atrial infused norepinephrine. Postoperative NO inhalation must be prolonged and no toxicity appears. Pulmonary endothelial function recovers only after several days. 相似文献
106.
S. EINARSSON A. CERNE A. BENGTSSON O. STENQVIST J. P. BENGTSON 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》1997,41(10):1285-1291
Background : The appearance of hypoxaemia immediately after anaesthesia with nitrous oxide may be partially explained by diffusion hypoxia. This study was undertaken to evaluate circulatory and respiratory variables during emergence after desflurane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia, and whether there are any differences depending on which gas is discontinued first. Methods : 20 patients were studied after gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. The depth of anaesthesia was reduced 10 min prior to the emergence by stopping the administration of one of the two inhalational agents. Desflurane was discontinued first in Group 1, nitrous oxide in Group 2. Ventilation was controlled with E'C02 maintained at 5% until the administration of the second anaesthetic gas was discontinued. Thereafter, the patients breathed spontaneously. Results : The PaC02 at which the respiratory drive reappeared after controlled normoventilation was similar in both groups, 6.1–6.5 kPa, and extubation was performed after 10–11 min. At extubarion, the end–tidal C02 and total MAC were similar in the groups, about 6.2 vol% and 0.16, respectively. Mean arterial blood pressure was significantly higher in Group 1. The cardiac output increased in both groups from about 6 1/min at the conclusion of anaesthesia to 9.0 and 7.6 1/min at 15 min in the recovery period. End–tidal O2 decreased and CO2 increased in both groups during the first 10 min in the recovery period. pH was reduced at 15 and 30 min in both groups. Conclusion : Irrespective of which agent was discontinued first, there was an increase in cardiac output, decrease in oxygenation and a modest acidosis in the first 30–min recovery period. The only significant difference between the groups was in mean arterial blood pressure in the early emergence phase with a greater MAP when N2O had been used until the conclusion of anaesthesia. 相似文献
107.
一氧化氮在氯胺酮麻醉机制中的作用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的:了解一氧化氮(NO)与氯胺酮麻醉作用间的关系。方法:60只雄性昆明鼠分成4组,Ⅰ组氯胺酮100mg/kg腹腔内注射,Ⅱ组连续3天腹腔内注射N-硝基左旋精氨酸甲酯(L-NAME)50mg/kg后,腹腔内注射氯胺酮100mg/kg,Ⅲ组连续3天腹腔内注射左旋精氨酸300mg/kg后,腹腔内注射氯胺酮100mg/kg,Ⅳ组腹腔内注射氯胺酮100mg/kg后,腹腔1小时内持续给予S-亚硝酰-N-乙酰青霉胺(SNAP)30mg/kg。观察各组动物翻正反射丧失和抑制持续时间。结果:各组翻正反射丧失时间无明显差异,为1.39~2.30分钟。翻正反射丧失持续时间Ⅰ组47.71±5.17分,Ⅱ组47.84±7.99分,Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组明显比Ⅰ、Ⅱ组短,分别为31.14±2.44和32.75±8.14分(P<0.01)。结论:改变NO的生成量将影响着氯胺酮引起的小鼠翻正反射抑制的持续时间,NO在氯胺酮麻醉分子机制中起作用。 相似文献
108.
急性胰腺炎与内皮素、一氧化氮和氧自由基关系研究 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:13
目的 研究急性胰腺炎 (AP)与内皮素 (ET)、一氧化氮 (NO)和氧自由基关系。方法 急性胰腺炎 71例 ,应用放射免疫分析法测定血浆ET、NO和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) ,并与健康体检者 15例作对照。结果 急性胰腺炎血浆ET、NO明显升高 ,而SOD明显降低 ,与健康对照组比较差异显著 (P <0 0 1) ;且重症胰腺炎的ET和NO增高、SOD降低尤为明显 ,与轻症胰腺炎相比较有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论 血浆的ET、NO和SOD异常消长在急性胰腺炎发生、发展过程中具有重要作用。 相似文献
109.
先天性心脏病患儿肺动脉,上腔静脉血一氧化氮含量检测及意义 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的:探讨一氧化氮(NO)与先天性心脏病(CHD)引起的肺动脉高压(PH)发病间的关系。方法:应用NO试剂盒检测了CHD患儿肺动脉及上腔静脉血浆中NO含量。结果;(1)伴PH组肺动脉血浆NO含量明显高于不伴肺动脉高压组(37.58±9.99μmol/L:19.03±15.25μmol/L,P<0.01);(2)在PH组中,肺动脉血浆NO含量明显高于上腔静脉血(P<0.01);而不伴PH组,肺动脉和上腔静脉血浆NO含量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:(1)伴PH的先心患儿肺动脉血浆NO含量升高;(2)NO可能介入了CHD引起的PH发病过程。 相似文献
110.
Background: Because of the potential toxicity of nitric oxide (NO) and its oxidising product nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), any system for the delivery of inhaled NO must aim at stable and predictable levels of NO and as low concentrations as possible of NO2 .
Methods: In a laboratory set-up, we have evaluated mixing conditions in a system where NO is added after the ventilator with continuous flow. Mixing was studied by using carbon dioxide (CO2 ) as a tracer gas since capnography has a short response time (360 ms) in comparison with measurements of NO with electrochemical fuel cells (response time of 18s). CO2 (in volumes corresponding to an ideal mixture of 1,3 and 6%) was fed, after the ventilator, either into plain breathing tubing, into one or two soda lime absorbers, or into an empty and a soda lime-filled canister, at different ventilatory rates and different I: E ratios. Samples were drawn from the inspiratory limb close to the Y-piece. NO was added in the same way and in the same volume as the highest concentration of CO2 .
Results: CO2 added to plain tubing resulted in peak levels up to five times the set levels, while addition to a mixing box with an empty and a soda lime-filled canister resulted in even mixing with gas concentrations close to the ideal. When NO was fed into plain tubing, low levels were measured at the Y-piece, indicating poor mixing. Gas supply to a mixing chamber resulted in even concentrations.
Conclusions: Even and predictable levels of NO can be obtained with continuous flow of NO to the inspiratory limb, after the ventilator, if a mixing chamber is used. To obtain adequate mixing, the volume of the mixing box should be greater than the tidal volume. 相似文献
Methods: In a laboratory set-up, we have evaluated mixing conditions in a system where NO is added after the ventilator with continuous flow. Mixing was studied by using carbon dioxide (CO
Results: CO
Conclusions: Even and predictable levels of NO can be obtained with continuous flow of NO to the inspiratory limb, after the ventilator, if a mixing chamber is used. To obtain adequate mixing, the volume of the mixing box should be greater than the tidal volume. 相似文献