Personality, manual preference and neuroendocrine reactivity in hirsute subjects

Behavioral and neuroendocrine differences may be postulated in hirsute subjects since central effects of gonadal steroids are well established. We conducted a controlled clinical study with 25 consecutive young hirsute participants compared with 20 consecutive controls. Neuropsychological evaluation included the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the Edinburgh Inventory of Manual Preference (EIMP). Neuroendocrine reactivity was assessed by the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol responses to corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH). Hirsute participants presented a flattened personality profile with lower neurotic triad scores--146 +/- 20 versus 166 +/- 28. Left-hand preference was more common in hirsute participants--4/21 versus 0/20. Decreased ACTH [area under the curve (AUC)--36 +/-2 8 vs. 72 +/- 63 pg/ml h] and cortisol (AUC--18 +/- 4 vs. 25 +/- 10 microg/dl h) responses to CRH were found in the hirsute group. In the hirsute group, higher manual preference scores were associated with lower ACTH responses to CRH, while the opposite association was found in the control group. In the hirsute group, the hyporeactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis was associated with lower behavior-deviant scores, while in the control group, the hyporeactive HPA axis was associated with more psychopathology. We conclude that personality and HPA axis reactivity are different in hirsute female participants when compared with controls, with a trend for differences regarding handedness. Personality and handedness are differently associated with HPA reactivity. Distinctive features in hirsute participants are probably established very early during ontogenic development.     

高压氧、尼莫地平、音乐综合治疗对缺血再灌注大鼠的作用

目的:观察高压氧(HBO)、尼莫地平、音乐综合治疗对缺血再灌注大鼠的作用。方法:采用电击、创伤刺激大鼠视、听觉,并结扎颈动脉,阻断血流20min再灌注,给予HBO+音乐(1组)、HBO+尼莫地平+音乐(2组)治疗,观察血小板选择素-CD62p(CD62p)、红细胞内钙(IECa2+)、红细胞变形指数(DI)及皮质醇(Cor)水平变化,并断头取脑作组织形态学分析。结果:应激1组、2组大鼠CD62p,IECa2+、Cor含量明显高于对照组(P<0.05),以应激1组更显著(P<0.01)。DI值应激1组明显低于对照组(P<0.05),应激2组DI值虽高但无统计学意义。脑组织形态学变化:应激1组神经细胞大部分肿胀、固缩、变性并崩解;应激2组变化轻微。结论:HBO、尼莫地平、音乐综合治疗有益于缺血性脑血管病的康复。     

Cardiac vagal tone and sustained attention in school-age children

Three hypotheses tested relationships between cardiac responses mediated via the vagus and sustained attention in a population of normal school-age children. These hypotheses addressed the theoretical relationships among resting cardiac vagal tone (using the Porges estimate of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, V), performance measures of sustained attention, and cardiac reactivity during sustained attention. Thirty-two fourth and fifth grade children performed a continuous performance task while their electrocardiograms were monitored. Children with higher resting levels of V performed better on the first 3-min block of the continuous performance task. Additionally, levels of V were significantly reduced across the blocks of the 9-min task for all children. No relationships were found between resting levels of V and change in either V or heart period during task performance. These findings support two of the three hypotheses proposed by Porges regarding individual differences in cardiac vagal tone and sustained attention.     

Family History of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Responses to Orthostatic Stress

Cardiovascular effects of orthostatic stress (sitting to standing) were assessed in 60 healthy young male subjects according lo family history of hypertension (half with a positive and half with a negative family history' of hypertension). Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBF) were recorded on each successive heart heal using a non-invasive blood pressure tracking system. Heart rate (HR) and respiration rate (RR) were also recorded. During the postural change, characteristic phasic changes were shown with an initial fall and subsequent recover of SBP and DBF and a mirror image response in MR and RR. Phasic analysis of the pre-standing sit, peak/trough, and recovery stand values indicated group differences in the initial as well as the later phases of orthostatic response. In the initial phase, subjects with a positive family history of hypertension showed an earlier trough in systolic and pulse pressure and an earlier peak in heart rate response immediately on standing up. The level of the pulse pressure trough was also higher in these subjects. In the later standing phase, these subjects showed higher levels of pulse pressure. The results were interpreted in terms of increased sympathetic nervous system activity during the initial phase and structural and neurocirculatory abnormalities in the later phase of orthostatic regulation in individuals with a positive family history of hypertension.     

血栓性脑血管疾病患者治疗前后血小板活化膜表面糖蛋白检测及临床意义

目的 :探讨血栓性脑血管疾病患者治疗前后血小板活化标记物CD62 P,GPⅡb/Ⅲa的表达及其临床应用价值。方法 :采用流式细胞仪 (FCM )检测治疗前后血小板活化标记物CD62 P、GPⅡb/Ⅲa的表达。结果 :血栓性脑血管疾病患者治疗前血小板活化标志物CD62 P、GPⅡb/Ⅲa分别为CD62 P5 2 .19± 12 .3 7% ,GPⅡb/Ⅲa 77.98± 14 .2 2 % ,较正常对照组有显著性升高 (P <0 .0 1) ;治疗后CD62 P3 1.16± 17.43 % ,GPⅡb/Ⅲa 40 .71± 11.64 %较治疗前有显著性下降 (P<0 .0 1) ,但仍高于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :血小板活化标志物CD62 P、GPⅡb/Ⅲa对血栓性脑血管疾病的诊断具有重要价值 ,为临床症状缓解后患者长期药物预防提供理论依据     

Myelin antigen reactive T cells in cerebrovascular diseases.

T cell reactivities to the putative autoantigens myelin basic protein (MBP), MBP peptides with amino acid residues 110-128 and 148-165, and myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) were examined in patients with acute ischaemic cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and, for comparison, in patients with inflammatory neurological diseases and other neurological diseases. A quantitative measure of these T cell reactivities was obtained by assessing numbers of T cells among blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) mononuclear cells that secreted IFN-gamma in response to antigen in vitro. Higher numbers of T cells reactive with each of these four antigens were detected in peripheral blood from patients with CVD compared with patients of the two control groups. Among blood cells from the CVD patients, their average number was 2.3-4.2/10(5) mononuclear cells. MBP reactive T cells were several-fold enriched in the CSF of CVD patients. The findings strongly suggest that brain damage in context with acute CVD leads to an in vivo expansion of myelin reactive T cells.     

Interactions of Respiratory and Cardiovascular Adjustments to Behavioral Stressors

The relationships among a variety of cardiovascular and respiratory measures were examined in young college males subjected to a cold pressor task, reaction-time shock avoidance task, and three levels of graded exercise. As expected, the relationships between cardiovascular (e.g., heart rate and cardiac output) and respiratory (e.g., oxygen uptake and minute ventilation) variables were tightly linear when considering rest and exercise values. However, the range of individual cardiopulmonary responses during cold pressor and reaction time was considerable, often leading to disruptions in the cardiovascular/respiratory interactions. Analyses of extreme high and low ventilation reactors during both reaction time and cold pressor revealed that the excessive ventilation responders in cold pressor showed clear signs of hyperventilation. Increases in ventilation by the high reactors during reaction time were of smaller magnitude than during cold pressor, with potential hyperventilation much less clear. Increases in minute ventilation by reactors during the cold pressor task were primarily due to large increases in tidal volume, with only modest increases in respiratory rate. For reaction time, however, the increases in ventilation by reactive individuals stemmed from rate increases with tidal volume remaining essentially unchanged.     

Cerebrovascular stenoses with cerebral infarction in a child with Williams syndrome

We report on a patient with Williams syndrome who suffered a cerebrovascular accident. Clinical evaluation demonstrated the presence of carotid and cerebral arterial stenoses. We believe these lesions led to acute cerebrovascular ischemia and a non-hemorrhagic cerebral infarction. It is possible the stenoses were exacerbated by a vasculitis. The stenoses were identified by both invasive and noninvasive imaging studies. These studies may have a role in the evaluation of persons with Williams syndrome. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

急性脑血管病之脑电地形图与脑CT对比研究

本文报告了急性脑血管病的脑电地形图与脑CT的对比研究。介绍了急性脑血管病的脑电地形图改变,对脑电地形图与脑CT在急性脑血管病诊断上的优劣进行了对比,进一步讨论了脑电地形图在急性脑血管病中的临床应用价值。