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31.
《Expert review of anticancer therapy》2013,13(7):1055-1068
Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) is the most abundant phosphatase in human prostate tissue/secretions. It is a clinically important protein for its relevance as a biomarker of prostate carcinoma. Furthermore, it has a potential role in fertilization. We describe here most of the features of PAP including gene regulation, gene/protein structure, functions, its role in tumor progression and evolutionary features. PAP has phosphatase activity and is an extensively studied biomarker of prostate cancer. The major action of PAP is to dephosphorylate macromolecules with the help of catalytic residues (His12 and Asp258) that are located in the cleft between two domains. This article will be of great interest to all those scientists who are working in the area of prostate pathophysiology. 相似文献
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Shinichi Imafuku Osamu Nemoto Yukari Okubo Mayumi Komine Peter Schafer Rosemary Petric Mamitaro Ohtsuki 《The Journal of dermatology》2021,48(1):80-84
We evaluated the pharmacodynamic effects of apremilast in 69 patients who were included in biomarker subanalyses of a phase 2b study that demonstrated the long‐term safety and efficacy of apremilast in Japanese adults with moderate to severe psoriasis. The association between cytokine levels and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) improvement was evaluated using linear regression and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient analysis. At baseline, median plasma levels of interleukin (IL)‐17A, IL‐17F and IL‐22 were elevated versus reference values for healthy individuals, whereas tumor necrosis factor‐α levels were close to normal. With apremilast 30 mg b.i.d., there were significant associations between percentage change in PASI score and percentage change in IL‐17A, IL‐17F and IL‐22 levels at week 16. Findings demonstrate that the efficacy of apremilast in psoriasis is associated with inhibition of key cytokines involved in the pathology of psoriasis. 相似文献
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Xia Hong Shan Jiang Nancy Marmolejo Ramya Vangipuram Elmira Ramos‐Rojas Yulin Yuan Zuan‐Tao Lin Yaxi Li Jingyi Qiu Yikun Xing Christopher Haley Stephen K. Tyring Tianfu Wu 《Experimental dermatology》2018,27(9):1053-1057
To discover novel biomarkers of psoriasis, a target‐specific antibody array screening of serum samples from psoriasis patients was initially performed. The results revealed that vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR‐3) was significantly elevated in the sera of psoriasis patients, compared to healthy controls. Next, ELISA validation studies in a larger cohort of psoriasis patients (N = 73) were conducted, which confirmed that serum VEGFR‐3 was indeed significantly increased in patients with psoriasis compared to healthy controls (P < 0.001). Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that serum VEGFR‐3 exhibited potential in distinguishing healthy controls from psoriasis patients: area under the curve = 0.85, P < 0.001. In addition, serum levels of VEGFR‐3 were correlated with Psoriasis Area Severity Index scores (R = 0.32, P = 0.008) in psoriasis patients. Interestingly, serum VEGFR‐3 levels were significantly elevated in psoriatic arthritis compared to non‐psoriatic arthritis (P = 0.026). A pilot longitudinal study demonstrated that serum levels of VEGFR‐3 could reflect disease progression in psoriasis. Collectively, serum VEGFR‐3 may have a clinical value in monitoring disease activity of psoriasis. 相似文献
36.
Matthias Y. Kellermann Gunter Wegener Marcus Elvert Marcos Yukio Yoshinaga Yu-Shih Lin Thomas Holler Xavier Prieto Mollar Katrin Knittel Kai-Uwe Hinrichs 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(47):19321-19326
The methane-rich, hydrothermally heated sediments of the Guaymas Basin are inhabited by thermophilic microorganisms, including anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea (mainly ANME-1) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (e.g., HotSeep-1 cluster). We studied the microbial carbon flow in ANME-1/ HotSeep-1 enrichments in stable-isotope–probing experiments with and without methane. The relative incorporation of 13C from either dissolved inorganic carbon or methane into lipids revealed that methane-oxidizing archaea assimilated primarily inorganic carbon. This assimilation is strongly accelerated in the presence of methane. Experiments with simultaneous amendments of both 13C-labeled dissolved inorganic carbon and deuterated water provided further insights into production rates of individual lipids derived from members of the methane-oxidizing community as well as their carbon sources used for lipid biosynthesis. In the presence of methane, all prominent lipids carried a dual isotopic signal indicative of their origin from primarily autotrophic microbes. In the absence of methane, archaeal lipid production ceased and bacterial lipid production dropped by 90%; the lipids produced by the residual fraction of the metabolically active bacterial community predominantly carried a heterotrophic signal. Collectively our results strongly suggest that the studied ANME-1 archaea oxidize methane but assimilate inorganic carbon and should thus be classified as methane-oxidizing chemoorganoautotrophs. 相似文献
37.
Jan G.C. van Amsterdam Stefan Nierkens Sjef G. Vos Antoon Opperhuizen Henkvan Loveren Peter A. Steerenberg 《Archives of environmental & occupational health》2013,68(6):418-423
The sampling of exhaled breath is a noninvasive procedure that can be performed easily in adults, children, and patients with respiratory disease. Several studies have demonstrated increased exhaled nitric oxide in patients with pulmonary disease, including asthma. In addition, exhaled nitric oxide may be an elegant tool for monitoring of environmental health effects of air pollution and the prevalence of atopy in epidemiological surveys. Recent literature about exhaled nitric oxide is presented in this article. Technical, physiological, and behavioral confounding factors of exhaled nitric oxide measurement are outlined. 相似文献
38.
Metabolomic Study of Biochemical Changes related to toxicity induced by bupleurotoxin Using LC-MSCoupled with a Pattern Recognition Approach 下载免费PDF全文
Zhong-xiao Zhang Juan Su Xin-ru Liu Wei-xing Dai Shi-kai Yan Weidong Zhang 《World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine》2015,(1)
The purpose of this study was to detect changes in urine of mice and to clarify the toxicity induced by bupleurotoxin (BETX) using liquid
chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS). A procedure for urine analysis using pattern recognition was
proposed to evaluate the toxicity induced by BETX in male BALB/c mice. BETX at 2.5 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.), and
urine samples for the metabolomic study were collected from control and BETX experimental groups. Changes in the concentrations of some
urine metabolites were detected exclusively in the experimental group. All results suggested that exposure to BETX might cause a disturbance
in fatty acid metabolism and the oxidative stress system. These results may not only clarify the underlying mechanism of diverse intoxication
effects of BETX but also provide the guidance in preclinical toxicity screening for new drugs. 相似文献
39.
Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) has been established beyond doubt as a causative agent in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer has risen in recent decades, as has the proportion of patients who have a biologically relevant HPV-16 infection. Combined data from 14 recently published studies (2006-2010) show that 57% of 1316 reported cases of oropharyngeal SCC were HPV-16 positive. They had significantly better prognosis (hazard ratio (HR) for 5-year overall survival range 0.05-0.64), although smoking and higher T stage often appear as confounding factors to this favourable prognostic benefit. HPV-16 therefore has increasing importance as a clinically useful prognostic biomarker, but a benefit in survival has been seen in the use of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, so specific changes in the preferred methods of treatment are hard to justify. Future trials that include oropharyngeal SCC will consider HPV-16 routinely as a stratification factor, and its use as a predictive biomarker awaits the development of effective targeted treatments. The undeniable and impressive prognostic significance of HPV-16 should hasten its addition to standard pathological reporting of oropharyngeal SCC, and ultimately to its inclusion in TNM staging systems of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the International Union against Cancer (UICC). 相似文献
40.
Yabin Cheng Jing Lu Guangdi Chen Gholamreza Safaee Ardekani Anand Rotte Magdalena Martinka Xuezhu Xu Kevin J. McElwee Guohong Zhang Youwen Zhou 《Oncotarget》2015,6(6):4180-4189
The melanoma staging system proposed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) (which classifies melanoma patients into four clinical stages) is currently the most widely used tool for melanoma prognostication, and clinical management decision making by clinicians. However, multiple studies have shown that melanomas within specific AJCC Stages can exhibit varying progression and clinical outcomes. Thus, additional information, such as that provided by biomarkers is needed to assist in identifying the patients at risk of disease progression.Having previously found six independent prognostic biomarkers in melanoma, including BRAF, MMP2, p27, Dicer, Fbw7 and Tip60, our group has gone on to investigate if these markers are useful in risk stratification of melanoma patients in individual AJCC stages. First, we performed Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional multivariate analyses comparing prognostication power of these markers in 254 melanoma patients for whom the expression levels were known, identifying the best performing markers as candidates for stage-specific melanoma markers. We then verified the results by incorporating an additional independent cohort (87 patients) and in a combined cohort (341 patients).Our data indicate that BRAF and MMP2 are optimal prognostic biomarkers for AJCC Stages I and II, respectively (P = 0.010, 0.000, Log-rank test); whereas p27 emerged as a good marker for AJCC Stages III/IV (0.018, 0.046, respectively, log-rank test). Thus, our study has identified stage-specific biomarkers in melanoma, a finding which may assist clinicians in designing improved personalized therapeutic modalities. 相似文献