腹腔镜辅助阴式较大子宫切除手术时间延长因素的分析

目的:分析影响腹腔镜辅助阴式较大子宫(超过如孕12周)切除术(laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy,LAVH)手术时间的因素。方法:回顾分析47例LAVH手术时间>150min患者的临床资料,对影响手术时间的多因素进行Lo-gistic回归分析。结果:子宫重量>500g时,手术时间延长的几率增加16倍(P<0.05);合并附件手术时手术时间的延长可增加20倍(P<0.05);普通妇科医师手术时间延长的几率高出内窥镜医师33倍(P<0.001)。结论:加强腹腔镜手术技能的培训是缩短腹腔镜辅助阴式较大子宫切除手术时间的关键。     

经阴道与经腹子宫肌瘤剔除术的比较

目的探讨经阴道子宫肌瘤剔除术的可行性、安全性及临床疗效.方法对92例子宫肌瘤分别施行经阴道肌瘤剔除术(研究组,n=46)及开腹肌瘤剔除术(对照组,n=46),并对两种术式的临床疗效进行比较.结果经阴道与经腹肌瘤剔除术均获成功.手术时间研究组与对照组比较差异无显著性(t=-0.734, P=0.465);平均术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、术后疼痛、术后病率、住院日期研究组与对照组比较差异均有显著性.结论经阴道子宫肌瘤剔除术具有创伤小、术中出血少、术后肛门排气早、疼痛轻、术后病率低及住院时间短的优点,是一种安全可行的微创手术方式.但须正确掌握适应证.     

经子宫动脉氨甲蝶呤灌注及栓塞 在宫颈妊娠保守治疗中的应用

目的探讨经子宫动脉氨甲蝶呤灌注化疗及栓塞术在宫颈妊娠保守治疗中的应用价值.方法 6例宫颈妊娠患者,孕龄36～68天,经阴道超声检查明确诊断后,行双侧子宫动脉氨甲蝶呤灌注及栓塞治疗.结果所有患者均一次治疗成功,术后患者的阴道出血明显减少或中止,血β-HCG水平迅速下降.患者的宫颈形态及月经周期于治疗后4个月内恢复正常.结论子宫动脉氨甲蝶呤灌注化疗及栓塞术是保守治疗宫颈妊娠的有效方法.     

国产吻合器行痔上黏膜环切术的并发症及应用价值

目的：探讨国产吻合器痔上黏膜环切术（PPH）的并发症及应用价值。方法：总结吻合器痔上黏膜环切术治疗严重Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度痔病63例的临床资料。结果：手术时间10-20min，术后平均住院2～5d，无肛门狭窄、无肛门失禁、无复发等并发症。结论：国产痔吻合器是治疗重度痔的一种安全有效方法，创伤少，并发症少，价格低廉，有望替代传统的痔切除术。     

腹腔镜子宫切除术围手术期护理对策

腹腔镜用于子宫切除是一种微创手术 ,具有创伤小 ,痛苦轻 ,恢复快等特点。我院 2 0 0 1年开始施行腹腔镜子宫切除术 ,通过对 5 6例标准鞘内 SEMM式子宫切除术病人的护理 ,我们总结出围手术期护理对策。现将做法介绍如下。1　临床资料我院妇科 2 0 0 1至 2 0 0 2年腹腔镜子宫切除术患者 5 6例 ,子宫肌瘤 4 7例 ,功能性子宫出血 9例。年龄 38～ 5 3岁 ,平均年龄 4 4岁。手术方式全部为标准腹腔镜子宫筋膜内 SEMM式子宫切除术 (CISH)。麻醉方式全行吸入全身麻醉。手术时间 90～ 15 0 min。住院天数 9～ 15 d。术后住院天数 6～ 14 d。平均…     

吻合器痔上黏膜环切治疗直肠内脱垂的效果

①目的探讨直肠内脱垂的有效治疗方法。②方法对11例直肠内脱垂的病人行吻合器痔上黏膜环切术(PPH)，术后随访1～12个月。③结果全部病人术后均排便通畅，排便时间明显缩短，无明显手术并发症。④结论PPH治疗直肠内脱垂，手术操作简便、安全、疗效可靠，病人痛苦小、恢复快、并发症少，是一种值得推广的治疗方法。     

Transesophageal Echocardiographic Analysis of the Systolic Pattern of the Anterior Mitral Leaflet in Patients with Flat Chest

Transesophageal echocardiography was conducted to determine the systolic pattern of the anterior mitral leaflet in patients with flat chest, and to differentiate it from that associated with mitral valve prolapse. The fronto-sagittal index (an index of chest flattening) was determined in 50 subjects using chest radiographs, and was used to classify them into a flat chest group (index < 0.38, n = 28) and a normal chest group (index ≥ 0.38, n = 22). We then used transesophageal echocardiography to examine the anterior leaflet in these subjects. A significant positive correlation was observed between the fronto-sagittal index and the short-to long-axis diameter ratio of the left ventricle in all patients. These parameters, and the left atrial dimension were lower in the flat than the normal chest group. The clear zone area of the anterior leaflet during mid-to late-systole was significantly larger in the flat chest group. However, no intergroup differences existed in the rough zone area of the anterior leaflet or in the middle scallop area of the posterior leaflet. Mitral regurgitation was observed in 20 and 12 subjects in the flat and normal chest groups, respectively. The maximum mitral regurgitant area did not differ between the two groups. The clear zone area of the anterior leaflet increased significantly following inhalation of amyl nitrite in 22 subjects of both groups, but the other areas did not increase. The mitral regurgitant area decreased or disappeared after amyl nitrite at a similar rate in each group. Thus, the decrease in the antero-posterior dimension of the thorax in subjects with flat chest affects the systolic pattern of the clear zone of the anterior leaflet more than that of the rough zone of the anterior leaflet or the posterior leaflet. This systolic pattern in such patients differs from that associated with mitral valve prolapse.     

IUD对子宫收缩的影响观察

本文重点研究妇女正常月经净后七天之内子宫收缩压力和频率,以及频脱器妇女与第一次置器妇女子宫收缩压及其相互间的差别。结果:(1)23例妇女月经净后七天之内子宫收缩压力为2.21～14.14mmHg/次,均值7.66±2.89mmHg/次。10分钟内子宫收缩28～76次,均值4.51±1.14次/分;(2)第一次置器妇女与频脱器妇女其置器前、后子宫收缩压力大小无显著差异(P>0.05)(3)子宫腔内有器子宫收缩压力比子宫腔内无器时大。两组子宫收缩压力t 检验结果(P<0.05)有显著差异:(4)第一次置(取)器前、后当时子宫收缩压力及频率大小皆有显著差异(P<0.05)。置(取)器后子宫收缩压力比置(取)器前大;(5)频脱组在置器前、后当时子宫收缩压力大小有显著差异(P<0.05),与第一次置器组相同;(6)本法测试子宫收缩压力达37～62mmHg/次时,部分受术者即有明显的下腹痛或痛感较强。     

剖宫产同时子宫肌瘤剔除35例临床研究

目的 探讨妊娠合并子宫肌瘤病人在剖宫产同时肌瘤剔除术的可行性，安全性。方法 妊娠合并子宫肌瘤35例，在剖宫产同时行肌瘤剔除术，与35例单纯剖宫产的产妇做对照。结果 手术时间，术后出血量，术后病率，术后住院天数，肌瘤剔除组与单纯剖宫产组比较，差异不显著（均P〉0．05）。结论 剖宫产同时行肌瘤剔除术是可行的，安全的。妊娠合并子宫肌瘤时，应放宽剖宫产指征，同时行子宫肌瘤剔除术。     

The role of the uterus in reproductive behavior

The uterus plays a major role in reproductive physiology. Numerous studies have shown that estradiol and progesterone exert their effects by binding to receptors within the cytoplasm of uterine cells and translocating these receptors to the nuclei where they presumably alter genomic activity. The extent of the steroid-receptor interaction in the cytoplasm and the nucleus is well correlated with uterine growth. Other physiological changes that take place in the uterus are also correlated with variations in the cytoplasmic and nuclear steroid receptor levels observed during different stages of reproductive cycle. In the rat, the uterus also exerts an inhibitory effect on the hormone-induced maternal and copulatory behaviors. Hysterectomy shortens the latency for the induction of maternal behavior and enhances sexual receptivity and proceptivity in ovariectomized, hormone treated rats. The mechanism of this inhibitory effect is not fully understood; however, it seems that the steroid binding capacity of the uterus mediates its behavioral influence. Thus when this capacity is reduced, as evidenced by lower levels of cytoplasmic estrogen receptors in long-term gonadectomized animals, the uterus loses its inhibitory effect on copulatory behavior.