聚苯醚热固性改性及其性能研究

通过溴化聚苯醚和格利雅试剂反应，将不饱和基团烯丙基引入聚苯醚中实现其热固性改性，由^1H-NMR和FTIR进行结构表征。确定了烯丙化聚苯醚的固化工艺，并对其固化产物性能进行测试。结果表明：按合成新工艺制备的热固性聚苯醚，其固化产物具有优异的介电性能(低介电常数、低介电损耗因子)，良好的耐溶剂性能和低吸湿性。     

Pretreatment of bone with osteoclasts affects phenotypic expression of osteoblast-like cells.

Implant surface morphology regulates osteoblast phenotypic expression. Osteoblast sensitivity to non-biologic surfaces suggests that native bone surface features may also affect osteoblast response. To test this, MG63 osteoblast-like cells were grown for 7 days on bovine cortical bone wafers pretreated with rat bone marrow osteoclasts for 0, 10 or 20 days. Response to osteoclast-treated surfaces was compared to the response of MG63 cells to titanium surfaces with smooth and rough microtopographies. Cell number, differentiation (alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin levels), and local factors (PGE(2) and TGF-beta1) were measured in confluent cultures. Compared to culture on plastic, cell number was reduced on all three types of bone wafers; this effect was dose-dependent with increasing resorption of the surface. Alkaline phosphatase specific activity was increased (P相似文献   

玻璃纤维表面的乙烯基单体接枝聚合

用玻璃纤维表面处理剂ＭＡＣ处理玻璃纤维后，再进行臭氧处理，使玻璃纤维的表面产生活性中心，引发苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、及丙烯酸等乙烯基单体在玻璃纤维表面上接枝聚合。接枝纤维的密度减小，对水的浸润性下降，红外光谱及扫描电镜观察证明玻璃纤维表面上接枝聚合物的存在。     

Change in apoptosis in the gastric surface epithelium and glands after eradication of Helicobacter pylori

BACKGROUND: Change in apoptosis in gastric glands after eradication of Helicobacter pylori has never been reported. AIMS: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the change in apoptosis in gastric glands after eradication of Heliobacter pylori. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 23 Heliobacter pylori-positive patients with duodenal and gastric ulcers, who were monitored for 6-12 months after eradication, and eight controls. Biopsies were taken from the antrum and body. Apoptosis was evaluated immunohistochemically using anti-single stranded DNA antibody. Apoptotic index was calculated by counting immunostained cells in surface epithelial and glandular cells. RESULTS: In the surface epithelium, Apoptotic indexes were significantly higher in patients than in controls. In the upper portion of fundic glands, apoptotic indexes were significantly higher in patients with gastric ulcers (14.2% (9.3, 17.8)) (median (1st quartile, 3rd quartile)) than in controls (8.0% (2.0, 9.0), p < 0.01) and decreased significantly after eradication (3.4% (2.0, 5.3)), p < 0.01). In pyloric glands, apoptotic indexes were no different between patients and controls. In the lower portion of fundic glands, apoptotic indexes were very low, both in patients and in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that apoptosis, not only of surface epithelial cells but also of glandular cells in the upper portion of fundic glands, increased in Heliobacter pylori-positive patients with gastric ulcers and decreased to normal levels after eradication of Heliobacter pylori.     

环孢素A体外抗曼氏血吸虫雄虫的电镜观察

MF1小鼠感染曼氏血吸虫六周后,经主动脉和门静脉灌注收虫.配对的成虫暴露在不含环孢素A及分别含有1微克/毫升、10微克/毫升、20微克/毫升的环孢素A的199型培养液中体外培养.药物导致的虫体损害分别作扫描电镜和透射电镜观察.药物作用后,雄虫外质膜损伤,外皮层基质出现水肿和空泡,分泌体减少.进行性表皮损害、肿胀以及皮(?)缺损最终导致皮质膜和合胞体的崩溃.本结果表明,环孢素A抗曼氏血吸虫的作用方式是直接的.而外皮质似乎是药物首先攻击的部位.     

SP-C对重组肺表面活性物质活性的影响

目的 探讨不同浓度的肺表面活性物质(PS)相关蛋白C(SP-C)与合成脂质构成的重组PS活性的变化。方法 从新鲜猪肺的灌洗液中提取PS,从PS中分离出SP-C。将二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱、二油酰磷脂酰胆碱和棕榈酰油酰磷脂酰甘油按60:20:20的重量比混合,即为合成脂质(SL),将SP-C按1％、2％、3％(与脂质的重量比)加入SL中,制成三种重组PS:RS-1、RS-2和RS-3。将上述物质溶于生理盐水中即为实验液体。用气泡型表面张力计测定各实验液体的表面张力。将PS缺如的未成熟胎兔随机分为4组:PS、SL、RS-3和对照组。分别向PS、SL和RS-3组气道内注入PS、SL、RS-3液;对照组未注入任何物质。然后进行人工通气,通气后5、10、15、20min测定各组潮气量。结果 PS的最小表面张力(γmin)为(0.9±0.3)mN/m,SL的γmin为(22.6±1.3)mN/m,明显高于PS(P<0.01);随SP-C浓度的增加γmin逐渐降低,RS-3的γmin降至(0.7±0.1)mN/m(与PS相比,P>0.05)。通气20min时,PS组、RS-3动物的潮气量分别达到(25±7)ml/kg、(25±4)ml/kg,明显高于对照组和SL组(P<0.01)。结论 不含SP-C的合成脂质表面活性低,加入SP-C后构成的重组PS表面活性明显增强。     

眼球孤立性脉络膜血管瘤的HR-MRI表现

目的　探讨眼球孤立性脉络膜血管瘤的高分辨率磁共振 (HR MRI)影像学特征 ,进一步提高诊断水平。资料与方法　回顾性分析诊断明确的孤立性脉络膜血管瘤 16例共计 17个病灶的位置、数目、形态、大小、MRI信号、强化情况、有无合并视网膜脱离及有无视神经和眼外侵犯等。所有病例均行HR MRI及增强扫描 ,部分病例行脂肪抑制。结果　 17个病灶中的 16个呈扁丘状位于眼球内壁的后极。 15个病灶厚度 <5mm ,平均厚度为2 .9mm。病灶边缘清晰 ,T1WI上呈轻度高信号者 16个 ,T2 WI上呈等信号者 15个 ,增强扫描显著强化者有 12个。 3例合并视网膜脱离 ,在T2 WI上多呈等信号 ,T1WI上呈轻度高信号者 ,均无强化。无视神经及眼外侵犯病例。结论　 94 %孤立性脉络膜血管瘤的HR MRI表现具有特征性 ,表现为位于眼球内壁后极的较小、基底较宽、边缘清晰的扁丘状病灶。其T1WI信号高于玻璃体 ,T2 WI信号等于玻璃体 ,增强扫描瘤体显著强化。明确其HR MRI影像学特征有助于临床与恶性葡萄膜黑色素瘤相鉴别 ,避免不必要的眼球摘除     

次氯酸对人血清白蛋白的氧化修饰影响及与高级氧化蛋白产物的关系

目的 研究次氯酸对人血清白蛋白(HSA)的氧化修饰影响及与高级氧化蛋白产物(AOPPs)之间的关系。 方法 有氧条件下在恒定浓度的HSA(60 mg/ml)内加入不同浓度次氯酸(0、1、5、10、20、30、40、50、60 mmol/L，最终浓度)，观察氧化剂对HSA的修饰作用。凝胶排阻色谱法检验HSA氧化修饰结果，在线光谱扫描(190 nm~400 nm)分析修饰产物的光谱特性。结果 次氯酸可氧化修饰人血清白蛋白，其修饰产物主要为二聚体HSA和六聚体HSA。发现次氯酸对HSA单体和HSA二聚体的氧化修饰为一级反应；对诱导生成的AOPPs为准一级反应；而对诱导生成的HSA六聚体则为二级修饰反应。同时发现白蛋白对AOPPs的主要贡献者是六聚体形式的HSA，光谱分析表明HSA聚集体的最大吸收峰发生红移，提示HSA聚集体是由于蛋白中的酪氨酸残基通过氧化交联方式而聚集形成的。 结论 HSA经次氯酸处理后主要发生了蛋白聚集。而对AOPPs的主要贡献者是六聚体形式的HSA。     

Biological characterization of glutaraldehyde-modified Parietaria judaica pollen extracts

BACKGROUND: Allergoids are widely used in specific immunotherapy (SIT) for the treatment of IgE-mediated allergic diseases, but all techniques for standardization of conventional allergic extracts may not be appropriate for standardization of a glutaraldehyde (GA)-modified extract because of the unique characteristics of these extracts. OBJECTIVE: To assess an accurate methodology for standardization of chemically modified extracts. METHODS: GA-modified extracts from Parietaria judaica pollen were purified by diafiltration. Biochemical properties were investigated by determination of amino groups, chromatography, and SDS-PAGE. The IgE-binding activity was determined by skin prick test, enzyme allergosorbent test inhibition, basophil activation, and histamine release tests. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from P. judaica pollen-allergic subjects were stimulated with either native or allergoid extracts, and proliferation was measured. RESULTS: Biochemical data indicated a high degree of allergen polymerization resulting in extract components higher than 100 kDa. IgE-binding activity, both in vivo and in vitro, was reduced by more than 99.8%. Both allergen and allergoid induced PBMC proliferation and synthesis of blocking IgG antibodies at similar rates. Moreover, no evidence of introduction of new determinants by chemical modification was found. CONCLUSIONS: The preparation of GA-modified extracts by diafiltration is faster and more reliable than previous chromatographic methods. These modified extracts have drastically reduced their allergenicity while maintaining their immunogenicity, and therefore they can be used in safer and shortened schedules of SIT.