血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与心肌梗死的相关性

目的探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与心肌梗死的关系。方法我院2012年1月至2013年12月间收治的40例心肌梗死患者作为心肌梗死组,选取同期行健康体检的正常人40例作为非心肌梗死组,比较两组血浆Hcy水平及治疗后心肌梗死组患者Hcy水平,分析心肌梗死危险因素。结果心肌梗死组患者血浆Hcy水平明显高于非心肌梗死组,治疗后,心肌梗死组Hcy水平较治疗前有明显下降,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);血浆Hcy高表达为心肌梗死独立危险因素。结论血浆Hcy水平与心肌梗死有一定的相关性,高Hcy为心肌梗死的独立危险因素。     

Relationship of Quality of Life with Disability Grade in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Dysthymic Disorder

Background:

There is paucity of information on the relationship of quality of life (QOL) in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and dysthymic disorder (DD) with disability grade in India.

Aim:

To assess the relation of QOL with disability level in OCD and DD.

Materials and Methods:

This hospital based study was conducted in a medical institution in Davanagere, Karnataka, India. Data was collected by using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual IV Text Revision (DSM IV TR) criteria, WHO QOL BREF and IDEAS. Relationship between disability grade and QOL was assessed by independent sample t test.

Results:

Mild disabled OCD patients had a significantly better QOL in the Q1 domain i.e. perception on quality of life as compared to moderately disabled patients (P < 0.05), while in other domains of QOL, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). But, QOL score in physical domain showed significant difference across disability grades (56.00, SD = 6.89; 48.50, SD = 12.28) in DD, but not in other domains.

Conclusion:

Perception of QOL is better in those with mild disability in OCD, but in DD, physical domain of QOL score is more in mild disability compared to moderate disability.     

舌神经至不同下颌磨牙牙龈缘距离的关系分析

目的探讨舌神经至不同下颌磨牙牙龈缘的距离,为患者进行相关手术治疗提供可靠临床依据,尽量避免患者术后发生舌神经损伤情况,提高患者生活质量。方法在本院2000年至2012年之间所收集的成人头部标本中随机选取20例进行解剖,所有标本均已进行防腐固定措施,使用专用测量工具对标本左侧舌神经、右侧舌神经与下颌第1、2、3磨牙牙龈缘距离分别进行测量,记录测量结果并进行统计学分析,得出结论。结果左侧舌神经与右侧舌神经相距下颌第1、2、3磨牙牙龈缘水平距离、垂直距离以及45度角距离相近,且P>0.05,左侧舌神经与右侧舌神经相距下颌第1磨牙牙龈缘距离无统计学意义。结论在对患者进行下颌磨牙舌侧骨嵴修整术或阻生智齿拔除术治疗时,应根据人体舌神经解剖学知识,以及舌神经至不同下颌磨牙的牙龈缘距离范围,尽量避免对患者舌神经造成伤害,从而有效预防患者术后发生暂时性或永久性舍感觉丧失并发症,提高患者生活质量。     

居室尘埃内毒素暴露与支气管哮喘及特应性疾病的关系

支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)与过敏性鼻炎等特应性疾病的患病率正不断上升,其发病的具体机制尚未完全清晰,主要是宿主免疫系统和环境相互作用的结果.内毒素是革兰阴性菌细胞壁上特有的结构,在外环境中内毒素几乎无处不在.内毒素对哮喘及特应性疾病而青是一把“双刃剑”,早期生活暴露于内毒素可能对疾病的发展具有保护作用;然而,暴露于高水平的内毒素环境不利于疾病的控制.     

A comparison of client and therapist goals for people with aphasia: A qualitative exploratory study

Background: A considerable body of literature attests to the efficacy of client and therapist collaborative goal setting to achieving optimal rehabilitation outcomes. Collaborative goal setting and shared decision making relies on good communication, thus potentially disadvantaging people with aphasia.

Aims: This study aims to identify the similarities and differences between client goals and therapist goals in rehabilitation for people with aphasia and to explore reasons why any differences occur.

Methods & Procedures: Three speech-language pathologists and four people with aphasia participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews to identify rehabilitation goals. All the interviews were transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Outcomes & Results: Results indicated both matching and mismatching of goals between the clients and the speech-language pathologists. Matched goals tended to focus on communication outcomes. Mismatched goals were those associated with the client's desire to return to previously valued activities. Reasons for the mismatching included: impaired communication made collaboration on goal setting difficult, the service-delivery approach, the goal was perceived to be outside the speech-language pathologist's scope of practice, and the goal was not considered to be appropriate within the confines of the rehabilitative situation.

Conclusions: This study highlights the need for speech-language pathologists to understand their clients' goals and how these can be incorporated into rehabilitation. A re-examination of some professional beliefs was highlighted. Future research may lead to educational resources that enable better collaborative goal setting between therapist and client so that outcomes of rehabilitation are optimised.     

首次确诊帕金森病患者情绪和认知功能障碍的关系

目的观察研究首次确诊帕金森痛患者情绪和认知功能障碍之间的关系。方法60例首次确诊帕金森病（PD）患者,采用简易智能状态检查量表（MMSE）和词ir-流畅性测验评定患者的认知功能;采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评定患者的情绪障碍。采用统一帕金森病评分量表（UPDRS）和改良Hoehn—Yahr分级评定患者的帕金森病严重程度。结果（1）60例首次确诊PD患者改良H0ehn～Yahr分级显示：I级11例,Ⅱ级32例,Ⅲ级16例,Ⅳ级1例。其中具有抑郁障碍患者28例,占46．7％;具有焦虑障碍患者20例,占33．3％,20例焦虑障碍PD患者都具有抑郁障碍。（2）60例首次确诊PD患者中,具有认知功能障碍患者23例,占38．3％;MMSE评分和词汇流畅性测验评分均与病程呈负相关,差异具有统计学意义（r分别为-0．42,-0．46;P〈0．05）。（3）60例首次确诊PD患者HAMD评分和MMSE评分及词汇流畅性测验评分呈负相关,差异具有统计学意义（r分别为-0．69,-0．76;P〈0．01）。PD患者HAMA评分和MMSE评分及词汇流畅性测验评分亦呈负相关,差异具有统计学意义（r分别为～0．60,-0．68;P〈0．01）。结论首次确诊PD患者多为轻、中度患者,早期即表现情绪障碍和认知功能障碍,且两者具有高度相关性。     

Psychosocial Development in South Korean Couples and Its Effects on Marital Relationships

This study explored psychosocial development in South Korean couples and its impact on their marital satisfaction and marital crisis. A sample of 100 cohabiting married Korean couples (n?=?200) and 100 premarital couples (n?=?200) participated in this study. Findings showed that partners in same-couple relationships were more likely to reach the same stages of psychosocial development. Married couples displayed different levels of marital satisfaction and marital crisis depending on which stage of psychosocial development they found themselves in. The results of this study also revealed that partners who successfully resolved psychosocial developmental tasks and conflicts had higher marital satisfaction and lower marital crisis. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.     

Imago Dialogues

Fathers have been excused from involvement with their families because of traditional gender roles, which invite fathers to be more involved with work and somewhat less involved with the emotional well-being of his family. Family therapy is often no exception to fathers' lack of participation in the family. Family therapists, however, are calling for inclusion of fathers in family therapy. This is occurring because most therapists prefer to have as many family members involved in therapy as possible, and because the feminist movement has called for family therapists to reject the "status quo," in this case, lack of fathers involvement in family therapy. Lastly, there is some empirical evidence that fathers inclusion in therapy improves the outcome of family therapy. This paper is written in response to these changes, so that therapists may gain insight into ways they can involve fathers in family therapy.     

In silico strategies on prion pathogenic conversion and inhibition from PrPC –PrPSc

Introduction: To date, various therapeutic strategies identified numerous anti-prion compounds and antibodies that stabilize PrP^C, block the conversion of PrP^C-PrP^Sc and increased effect on PrP^Sc clearance. However, no suitable drug has been identified clinically so far due to the poor oral absorption, low blood–brain-barrier [BBB] penetration, and high toxicity. Although some of the drugs were proven to be effective in prion-infected cell culture and whole animal models, none of them increased the rate of survival compared to placebo.

Areas covered: In this review, the authors highlight the importance of in silico approaches like molecular docking, virtual screening, pharmacophore analysis, molecular dynamics, QSAR, CoMFA and CoMSIA applied to detect molecular mechanisms of prion inhibition and conversion from PrP^C-PrP^Sc.

Expert opinion: Several in silico approaches combined with experimental studies have provided many structural and functional clues on the stability and physiological activity of prion mutants. Further, various studies of in silico and in vivo approaches were also shown to identify several new small organic anti-scrapie compounds to decrease the accumulation of PrP^res in cell culture, inhibit the aggregation of a PrP^C peptide, and possess pharmacokinetic characteristics that confirm the drug-likeness of these compounds.     

The Realm of Romantic Relational Functioning in Five-Factor Narcissism

This study aimed to examine whether the five-factor narcissism sub-scales predict incapacity to love. Through convenient sampling, The Capacity to Love Inventory (CTL-I) and The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory-Short Form (FFNI-SF) were administered in a community sample using the online platform of Google forms. The present study consists of 428 participants (84.3% females and 15.7% males). Results revealed that Extraversion was the only factor of narcissism that positively predicted the total score of the capacity to love. Participants who scored higher in extraversion tend to score higher in Basic trust, Interest in the other, and Gratitude. While grandiosity negatively predicted interest in the other, Antagonism positively predicted this sub-scale and negatively predicted the common ego ideal. Vulnerability and Neuroticism were associated with more loss and mourning after the relationship is lost. It is noteworthy that neither of the five-factor narcissism sub-scales predicted the permanence of sexual passion. In conclusion, it seems evident that grandiosity is accounted for less interest in significant others, while extraversion is associated with more willingness to trust, engage, and love.