益气养阴活血法治疗冠心病心律失常有效性和安全性的Meta分析*

[摘要]目的 系统评价益气养阴活血法治疗冠心病心律失常的有效性及安全性。方法 检索中国知网数据库（CNKI）、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库（VIP）、中国学术期刊数据库（万方）、Cochrane图书馆、Web of Science和PubMed中有关益气养阴活血法治疗冠心病心律失常的临床随机对照试验研究,提取纳入研究的相关数据并进行方法学质量评价。应用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入26个研究。Meta分析结果显示,益气养阴活血法治疗组在临床总有效率[OR=3.47,95%CI（2.68, 4.48）,P<0.00001]、24h心律失常事件数[WMD=-204.82,95%CI（-228.78, -180.86）,P<0.00001]、中医症候疗效[OR=3.08,95%CI（2.04,4.66）,P<0.00001]、心电图疗效[OR=2.50,95%CI（1.63,3.83）,P<0.0001]、血液流变学指标：全血高切黏度[WMD=-1.02,95%CI（-1.18,-0.85）,P < 0.00001]、全血低切黏度值[WMD=-1.66,95%CI（-2.00,-1.33）,P< 0.00001]、血浆比黏度[WMD=-0.42,95%CI（-0.50,-0.35）,P < 0.00001]、纤维蛋白原[SMD=-1.67,95%CI（-2.06,-1.28）,P <0.00001]及安全性[OR=0.41,95%CI（0.27,0.61）,P<0.001]方面均优于常规西医治疗组。结论 益气养阴活血法治疗冠心病心律失常具有更好的有效性及安全性。由于目前纳入文献数量及质量的限制,期望今后有更多高质量的随机对照试验支持。     

Altered splenic B cell subset development in mice lacking phosphoinositide 3-kinase p85alpha

The signaling enzyme phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is activated following B cell receptor (BCR) engagement and by many other receptors on B lymphocytes. Mice lacking p85alpha, the predominant PI3K regulatory isoform, exhibit defects in B cell development and activation that are grossly similar to those found in mice lacking Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) and other critical signaling molecules. However, a detailed analysis of splenic B cell subsets in p85alpha-deficient mice has not been reported. Here we show that these mice are deficient in four major B cell subsets: transitional-1, transitional-2, follicular and marginal zone. These defects are distinct from those observed in Xid mice that express a mutant Btk unable to interact with PI3K lipid products. Moreover, mice with both genetic lesions exhibit even greater impairment in B cell development. Finally, we show that transgenic expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in p85alpha-deficient mice restores the transitional B cell subsets but not the marginal zone subset, and produces a follicular population with an aberrant phenotype. These findings establish a role for PI3K-p85alpha in differentiation of both follicular and marginal zone B cells, and suggest that these functions are required not solely for the propagation of anti-apoptotic signals.     

Physical loading and performance as predictors of back pain in healthy adults A 5-year prospective study

We investigated muscle strength, aerobic power, and occupational and leisure-time physical loading as predictors of back pain in a 5-year follow-up study. A cohort of 456 adults aged 25, 35, 45 and 55 years, free of back pain, participated in measurements of anthropometric characteristics, aerobic power and muscle strength characteristics at baseline. The subjects' levels and types of physical activity and occupational physical loading were also determined. At 5 years after the baseline examinations 356 of these subjects (78.1 %) were reached by mail, and 262 of them (73.6%) properly completed and returned a questionnaire including a detailed back pain history for the 5 years following the baseline measurements. Of this number 56 subjects (21 %) who reported back pain ( > 30 on a scale from 0 to 100) and functional impairment during the 5-year follow-up composed the marked back pain group. Other subjects (n = 71, 27%) noting lesser symptoms were included in the mild back pain group; 135 subjects (52%) reported having had no back pain. The subjects with marked back pain were on average taller than the subjects without back pain, while no such difference was found in body mass. Heavy occupational musculoskeletal loading (P = 0.005) and high general occupational physical demands (P = 0.036) predicted future back pain. Leisuretime physical activity, aerobic power or muscle strength characteristics were not predictive of future back pain.     

妊娠期间脾脏T淋巴细胞的改变与鼠胚着床

应用ＦＩＴＣ标记的Ｌ３Ｔ４及Ｌｙ２单克隆抗体，及流式细胞计细胞分选，对小鼠妊娠期间脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群进行检测。结果表明，妊娠早期小鼠脾脏ＣＤ８＋淋巴细胞比例减少，在着床时尤为明显。提示脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞数量和功能变化，参与维持正常妊娠，尤其是参与着床。     

Effects of adrenergic stimulants on the splenic diameter,haemoglobin content and haematocrit in anaesthetized dogs: determination of the adrenoceptor subtype responsible for changes in the splenic diameter

Changes in splenic diameter measured by sonomicrometry in response to various adrenergic stimulants were estimated together with simultaneously measured arterial haemoglobin content (HGB) and haematocrit (HCT) in anaesthetized dogs. Splenic diameter decreased following intravenous injections (i.v.) of adrenaline, noradrenaline and phenylephrine and splenic nerve stimulation associated with increases in arterial HGB and HCT, which were significantly attenuated by prazosin i.v. After prazosin i.v., adrenaline i.v. increased splenic diameter significantly, but noradrenaline i.v. did not. Isoprenaline i.v. increased splenic diameter transiently, followed by a decrease that was abolished by prazosin i.v. During occlusion of splenic arteries and veins, adrenaline i.v. and phenylephrine i.v. did not cause any change in arterial HGB and HCT. Injection to splenic artery (i.a.) of phenylephrine induced a significant decrease in splenic diameter that was attenuated by prazosin i.a. but not by yohimbine i.a. Clonidine i.a. did not change splenic diameter. The present results indicate that splenic contraction, which is mediated through α₁-adrenoceptor activation, causes a significant increase in arterial HGB and HCT.     

二氧化硫吸入对小鼠脾细胞凋亡的诱导作用

目的:探讨二氧化硫大剂量吸入对小鼠脾细胞凋亡和脾脏组织学结构的影响.方法:以不同浓度的二氧化硫分别对小鼠连续染毒7d,用透射电镜法、DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳法和流式细胞技术观察小鼠脾脏组织学结构和细胞凋亡改变.结果:在二氧化硫染毒组小鼠脾脏的红髓区和白髓区均有典型的脾细胞凋亡发生,在边缘区可见大量核变形淋巴细胞,此外还可见巨噬细胞出现明显的凋亡改变和网状内皮细胞受损.168mg/m3二氧化硫染毒可引起小鼠脾细胞凋亡率增加.结论:大剂量二氧化硫吸入可引起小鼠脾脏超微结构改变,在一定剂量和时间范围内可引起脾细胞凋亡加速,从而对机体的免疫功能造成一定损伤.     

骨水泥性能及其对人工关节柄固定强度的影响

本文研究了骨水泥三种不同临床使用方法所形成的内部气泡结构状态,测定了骨水泥的抗压强度、收缩率、疲劳强度、变形积累量等物理机械性能,以及关节固定强度,用气泡状态解释了不同临床使用方法对骨水泥性能及固定强度所带来的各种影响。     

Kinetics of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow of hepatectomized mice

Two thirds of the liver was removed from (CBA×C57BL/6j)F₁ female mice. On the 5th day after the operation a significant increase was observed in the number of endogenous colonies in the spleen of the partially hepatectomized animals. This increase was not connected with a change in the number of stem cells in the bone marrow, for partial hepatectomy at different times after the operation did not affect the number of colony-forming units in the bone marrow.Laboratory of Virology, Oncologic Scientific Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. A. Kraevskii.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 85, No. 2, pp. 218–219, February, 1978.     

Lymphokine-activated killer cell function of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, spleen cells and regional lymph node cells in gastric cancer patients.

Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells generated by culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), spleen cells (SPC) and regional lymph node cells (LNC) with IL-2 for 4 days were examined for their functional capabilities in 29 patients with gastric carcinoma. The cytotoxic activity of LAK cells induced from LNC was significantly lower than that from either PBMC or SPC, although there was no difference between PBMC or SPC. The induction of mRNA of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the production of these cytokines in the non-adherent LAK cells from LNC were also significantly reduced compared with those from PBMC or SPC. Further, the LAK cells from LNC secreted significantly lower levels of these cytokines when stimulated with tumour target, Raji cells, although the production of these cytokines was markedly increased by stimulation with the targets in all three cell populations. Phenotypic analysis of each cell population revealed a decreased proportion of the cells mediating natural killer (NK) activity, including CD16+, CD56+, and CD57+ cells in LNC either before or after culture, although OKIa1+ and CD25+ cells were uniformly increased in all cell populations after culture. Changes in subpopulations of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in LNC were not apparently different from PBMC or SPC. These results indicated the differential reactivity of each lymphocyte population to IL-2 and the reduced LAK cell function of LNC compared with PBMC or SPC in patients with gastric carcinoma.