碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对兔关节软骨全层缺损的修复作用

目的：利用注射型活性材料碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）修复兔关节软骨缺损，观察其治疗效果。方法：实验尝试在兔的膝关节软骨缺损区应用碱性成纤维细胞生长因子，分别于10周，14周，18周处死，观察大体和形态学特征，组织学评分。结果：A组于10、14周时，软骨缺损被白色半透明坚硬组织平滑修复，富有光泽，与正常软骨边界清楚，18周时修复组织与正常软骨边界模糊，质地坚硬，表面平滑光润。对照组于10、14、18周时均未见软骨修复。组织学评分A组明显优于对照组。结论：碱性成纤维细胞生长因子可以有效修复兔关节软骨的缺损，为组织工程化软骨的临床应用提供理论基础。     

游离皮瓣修复足外伤性缺损的临床研究

目的:评价游离皮瓣修复足外伤缺损的临床价值。方法:对46例足外伤缺损患者采取皮瓣修复情况进行回顾性分析,根据采取皮瓣修复方法不同分组,其中以游离皮瓣修复者24例(皮瓣修复组),以其他皮瓣方法修复者22例(对照组),分析修复结果。结果:游离皮瓣修复组完全成活率为91.67%,其他皮瓣修复方法修复的对照组完全成活率为59.09%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.69,P<0.05),成活率(完全成活率+部分坏死率)游离皮瓣修复组为95.83%,对照组为90.91%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.01,P>0.05);术前两组缺损面积差异无统计学意义(t=0.11,P>0.05),修复术后皮瓣成活面积游离皮瓣修复组平均为(16.24±3.41)cm,对照组为(10.18±2.29)cm,差异有统计学意义(t=7.01,P<0.05)。结论:游离皮瓣对于大面积足外伤缺损修复效果较好,皮瓣完全成活率高。     

壮阳药效动物实验评价方法的改进

目的 对壮阳药效评价方法进行优化,以探求更为有效的候选药物筛选方法.方法 模型组大鼠均灌胃给予西地那非10 mg/kg,对照组大鼠给予相同容量的生理盐水灌胃,每天1次,连续灌胃给药14 d.每次给药后连续记录2h内大鼠阴茎勃起、阴部理毛、爬背次数和参与动物数,并计算PEI值.采用改良的壮阳药效评价方法,整个过程采用摄像头观察并在不同时间段给予雌鼠诱导.结果 在雌鼠诱导组中,模型组大鼠给药后2 h PEI值较对照组明显升高(P＜0.05).在模型组中,与人为观察组相比,摄像头观察组大鼠给药后2 h PEI值明显升高(P＜0.05)；与非雌鼠诱导组相比,雌鼠诱导组大鼠给药后2 h PEI值明显升高(P＜0.05)；与持续诱导组相比,间断诱导组2h PEI值无明显差异,但60 ～ 120 min时间段PEI值明显升高(P＜0.05).结论优化后的壮阳药效评价方法能更为有效的评价候选药物的壮阳药效.     

Technological Advances in Penile Implant Surgery

BackgroundDuring the last century, surgical management of erectile dysfunction has evolved from an experimental concept to a core treatment modality with widespread use among the men's health community. Over time, innovations in materials, mechanical design elements, device coatings, and surgical technique have provided patients with low-risk, reliable, and reproducible erectile function with high satisfaction rates.AimTo provide a foundation for future innovation by improving understanding of historical penile prosthetics and the rationale behind incremental technological improvements for the contemporary Men's Health physician.MethodsLiterature review was conducted to generate a comprehensive review of historical technological innovations in penile implant surgery. Companies with FDA approved penile prosthetics in use in the United States were contacted for information regarding technological innovations in the past and future devices in development. A separate literature review was performed to identify any significant future device design elements being tested, even in the ex vivo setting, which may have future clinical applications.OutcomesTechnological innovations in penile implant surgery were described.ResultsCurrent options for the prosthetic surgeon include malleable penile prostheses (MPP), self-contained (2-piece) inflatable penile prostheses, and multicomponent (3-piece) inflatable penile prostheses. Current MPPs consist of a synthetic coated solid core which allow for manipulation of the penis for concealability while maintaining sufficient axial rigidity to achieve penetration when desired. Multi-component (3-Piece) IPPs currently include the Coloplast Titan and Boston Scientific/AMS 700 which consist of a fluid reservoir, intrascrotal pump, and intracavernosal cylinders. The devices have undergone numerous design updates to the cylinders, pump, reservoir, tubing, and external coatings to increase reliability and decrease short- and long-term complications.Clinical ImplicationsFuture innovations in penile prosthetic surgery seek to broaden the indications and applicability to the transgender community and improve both safety and functionality for patient and partner.Strengths & LimitationsThe review is limited primarily to penile prosthetics approved for current or historical clinical use in the United States and may not be representative of the global prosthetic environment. Additionally, the research and development of future innovations, particularly those provided by device manufacturers, is likely limited by non-disclosure to maintain a competitive advantage.ConclusionsPenile prosthetic surgery will undoubtedly remain integral to the treatment of erectile dysfunction, and education regarding the current state of technological innovation will empower the prosthetic surgeon and biomedical engineering community to improve contemporary patient care and drive the development of the next generation of implantable penile prosthetics.Barnard JT, Cakir OO, Ralph D, et al. Technological Advances in Penile Implant Surgery. J Sex Med 2021;18:1158–1166.     

Penile gangrene from calciphylaxis is salvageable with intravenous sodium thiosulfate and early total parathyroidectomy

Penile gangrene is a rare but fatal complication of calciphylaxis in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). To date, there are no guidelines on its management, and outcomes are generally poor with high mortality rate. We present a case of a diabetic patient with ESRD presenting with dry gangrene of the glans penis due to calciphylaxis and successfully treated with intravenous sodium thiosulfate (STS) and early total parathyroidectomy. We further analysed existing literatures on cases that utilized STS in the treatment of penile calciphylaxis.     

Penectomía parcial y reconstrucción peneana. Manejo quirúrgico inicial del cáncer de pene localizado

IntroductionSurgical management for penile carcinoma is mutilating and affects significantly quality of life. Hereby we present our experience on penile reconstruction (PR) immediately after oncologic resection.Materials and methodsWe included all patients from January 2007 until April 2012 who underwent PR after partial penectomy (PP). Patients included in the study were seen at four different hospitals. All procedures were done by the same surgeon. Information included were: oncological status at the moment of surgery, surgical technique used for reconstruction. Each case was also registered photographically. On follow-up visits data about outcome and patient's satisfaction were registered.ResultsDuring the study period 15 patients underwent PR. Average age at the moment of surgery was 49 years. Average follow-up was 15 months. In 12 patients PR was made at the same time as PP. Of those, four cases underwent glans resurfacing, 2 glandectomy, 6 partial penectomy, and the remaining 3 have had PP in a different time in the past. Every case underwent a split thickness graft procedure. Only 2 patients had postoperative complications. One of them presented urethral stricture and the other graft ischemia. Three patients had positive nodes at the moment of PP and two during the follow-up. None of the cases have presented local recurrence and only one died. On follow-up the remaining patients refer a good quality of life and felt happy with aesthetic results.ConclusionsGiven the results presented hereby we propose that PR must be part of the same procedure as the PP.